为中国广告业作贡献——访A.C.尼尔森公司鲍乐寿先生

今年6月,美国中美总商会介绍国际著名的A.C.尼尔森公司代表到中国,旨在与国内有关部门合作,共同推进国内广告业走向世界。借此机会,记者采访了尼尔森公司亚太拉丁美洲区高级副董事长鲍乐寿先生。 问:目前外商对中国广告市场的基本看法是什么? 答:外商对中国广告市场的基本看法是与外商对中国宏观市场的看法联系在一起的。中国在过去14年中,国民生产总值平均年增长率超过9％,1992年接近13％。中国的购买力及消费能力大增。这些事实都是     

John C.Petrillo 简介

ＪｏｈｎＣ．Ｐｅｔｒｉｌｌｏ先生是ＡＴ＆Ｔ公司负责战略发展和服务改革事务的副总裁。他从１９９６年一月起担任这一职务，主要开展了总体发展战略研究，发展在线服务及电子信息业务等方面的工作。从１９９３年到１９９５年间，Ｐｅｔｒｉｌｌｏ先生担任ＡＴ＆Ｔ公司业务联络部部长，主要负责为商业用户提供全球长途通信网服务。Ｐｅｔｒｉｌｌｏ先生从１９７１年起开始供职于ＡＴ＆Ｔ公司，当时在纽约担任工程师。其后，先后在市场规划和市场管理方面担任过一系列职务。１９８２年他被任命为设在洛杉矶的负责美国西部地区１１个州的销售…     

尼尔森公司参与中国市场调查

从事市场调查研究的尼尔森公司即将在世界最大的消费市场中国开展第一次全面的电视节目受欢迎情况的调查。 这家信息企业将采用其在国际上享有盛誉的零售跟踪服务的方法进行调查。 “这是一项完整的计划,中国尼尔森公司将提供国际市场上商人急需的情况:关于新闻媒体和消费市场的规模和性质的稳定可靠的数据,”该公司负责亚太事     

P.R.C.模式助力中国新30年经济

为了能与传统消费国未来低增长趋势脱钩,我们需要寻找这样的国家:既能为中国经济未来的增长提供所需的资源品,也能帮助中国消化过剩的产能,由此在生产国(中国)与资源国之间形成供求的循环(Producer&Resource Supplier Cycle),我们称之为P.R.C.模式。     

Is H.A. Simon a theoretician of decentralized planning? A comparison with F.A. Hayek on planning,market, and organizations

Herbert A. Simon acknowledged Friedrich A. Hayek as a founder of the notion of bounded rationality; yet Simon considered Hayek’s perspective incomplete, and, more in general, their views on market mechanisms, planning, and organization exhibit considerable differences. The comparison between these authors sheds light on Simon’s interpretation of planning, which emerges within his theory of organization (and not in traditional debates on socialism). Contrary to Hayek, he maintained that planning, in specific circumstances, is more advantageous than the market; and in both administration and organization, it involves a decentralized structure based on near independent sub-units. Decentralization of decisions also appears in social planning, which evolves through continuous interactions among planners (i.e., agents and institutions), and it is a process connoted by the absence of “fixed goals”. Finally, Simon defined modern economies more in terms of “organizational economies” than in those of “market economies” and this highlights a further difference with respect to the Austrian economist. This leads to analysis of the nature of organizations as hierarchical and “near-decomposable” structures, which refers to Simon’s theory of complexity and gives an epistemological explanation to the relation between centralization and decentralization.     

电子商务A·B·C

电子商务(Electronic Commerce)简单地说就是利用先进的电子技术所进行的商务活动的总称。它是通过计算机网络将买卖双方的商务信息、产品信息、销售信息、服务信息以及电子支付等商务活动,按相互认同的交易标准实现其商务活动。 由于全部商务活动是以电子数据交换在因特网上交易,且涉及顾客、销售商、供应商、银行金融系统,信息公司或证券公司、政府机构、配送中心以及相关部门的各类人员,因此,电子商务的基本架构是网络。它打破了地域分离,缩短了信息流动时间,使生产和消费更贴近,降低了物流,资金流及信息流传输处理成本,是对传统贸易的一次彻底革命。下面以一个普通消费者的网上购物为例,说明电子商务的全过程:     

A. W. Bob Coats, 1924–2007

The paper shows that the conventional neoclassical interpretation of von Neumann's growth model cannot be sustained. Other than in models in the tradition of Walras and Cassel, in his model there is no given ‘capital’ endowment that constrains productive capacity and provides the basis, in terms of its relative ‘scarcity’, for a determination of the interest rate. Von Neumann's model is rather fully compatible with, and has been anticipated in all relevant aspects by, authors whose contributions can be strictly located within, the classical tradition. This concerns in particular the asymmetric treatment of the distributive variables. Finally it is argued that von Neumann's model may be interpreted as containing inter alia, an answer to the ideas put forward by his fellow-mathematician Robert Remark. Both circumstantial evidence and a careful textual comparison of Remak's paper on ‘superposed price systems’ and von Neumann's analysis support this interpretation.     

F. A. Hayek’s influence on Nobel Prize winners

F.A. Hayek’s broad research program has led some to conclude that his impact on economics has been minimal. This citation study examines the frequency of Nobel laureates cited by other laureates in the official Prize Lectures to understand how elite economists influence other elite economists. It finds that Hayek is the second most frequently mentioned laureate in the Prize Lectures, and he has the second most publication citations of the laureates. Hayek’s influence on the top tier of economists is substantial.

Country of Origin Labeling (C.O.O.L.): How cool is it?

This paper develops a partial-equilibrium model of a small open-economy trading an unsafe product. The model is used to analyze the welfare effects of trade with and without a country-of-origin labeling (COOL) program. The welfare gains from trade in the absence of COOL are ambiguous, may justify the imposition of a trade ban. Even if a full ban does not improve welfare and some restriction of trade is always welfare-enhancing. Under a tariff regime, more COOL trade is better than less trade. Independently of domestic market power, free trade coupled with a COOL program maximizes national welfare.     

Is market liberalism adaptive? Rethinking F. A. Hayek on moral evolution

Hayek’s social theory of evolution suggests that market liberal morality is adaptive for social groups. He justified the evolutionary superiority of market liberalism by asserting that groups operating under a market liberal morality would have a higher capacity to expand and reproduce than groups with alternative tribal moralities. Thus, market liberal groups would be favoured through cultural and genetic group selection. But in fact, market liberal morality reveals maladaptive tendencies and remains insufficiently powerful to create adaptive social groups. Hayek’s dismissal of moral tribalism in favour of market liberal morality is found to underestimate the importance of tribal goals in the evolutionary system.     

Comparative Study on Venture Capital among U.S.A., Japan and China

This essay, through comparing venture capital in China＇s modernization with U.S.A., Japan, summarizes the different characteristics of venture capital of the United States and Japan, and thinks that China＇s present modernization, as a flag of developing countries, has already entered middle period of industrialization, according to the experience of U.S.A., Japan and reality of China. The technological progress mode has already been changed from technology import to technological innovation stage at this time. In order to encourage innovations, we must develop venture capital in a more effective manner. The national conditions have determined the technology import of China, which must start with a high points, this is the most important condition of target to choose. The venture capital of China in system transitional period should use U.S.A.＇s experience for reference even more on the capital source to pay close attention to the capital sources of the government and bank. Once the government guides and starts the market, the folk capital will show the natural instinct of the capital automatically Risk investment is the embodiment capitalized personality spirit, in order to dispose such ambitious culture. We need the reform of the system as well as dispose risk investor＇s stratum at present.