中美贸易战可能选择的路径及对我国金融安全的影响研究

近日,由美国主动挑起的贸易战引发全球关注。中美贸易战将会给我国经济造成很大的影响,应对贸易战带来的金融安全问题至关重要。本文首先对贸易战可能出现的路径进行探究,然后对中美贸易战给我国金融安全造成的影响进行具体的分析,最后针对贸易战给我国带来的金融安全问题提出一些政策建议。     

中日蔬菜贸易战原因分析和对策探讨

在中国即将加入WTO大背景下，国内学术界对反倾销已经进行了系统的研究，但对于中日蔬菜贸易战研究才刚刚开始，本次日本发动紧急限制进口措施主要是针对保鲜蔬菜，本文就以蔬菜为研究对象，针对此次日本发动紧限限制进口措施，从分析它的产生背景入手，在分析本次贸易战产生的原因基础上，评价此次贸易战的影响及后果，并根据中国对日蔬菜出口的实际情况，提出相应的对策。     

中美贸易战对林产品贸易的影响及其对策建议

在梳理中美林产品贸易相互关系的基础上,分析了新一轮贸易战将对中美林业产业、林产品贸易、就业等的影响。结果表明:贸易战对中低级技术水平的从业人员影响较大,短期内对中国传统优势产品出口冲击较大,但长期反而能分摊和降低贸易风险,以价格优势为主的微利型木材加工企业和以美国为主要出口市场的出口导向型企业将面临较大风险;同时,贸易战不仅会直接损害美国消费者利益,还会加速其木材产业的萎缩。拓宽进口渠道,扩展替代市场和国内市场,加快国际合作,加强技术创新,落实财政政策是中国减缓和避免贸易战对中美双方林产品贸易产生不利影响的应对措施。     

为中美贸易变数准备应对措施

<正>2016年12月,美国之音表示特朗普正式当选总统后,美国与中国之间打响贸易战的可能性大幅上升。特朗普承诺在其上任后将领导美国在经济领域限制中国商品地位及货币流通。中国预计将针对美国的限制举动施行一系列防御及报复性措施。经济研究咨询公司"凯投宏观"的亚洲经济主管威廉姆斯(Mark Williams)说:"倘若与美国爆发贸易战,中国的反应将远不只增加关税这么简单。美国企业将发现他们在中国的产品和运营面临更为严     

国际

正美国对华价值340亿美元商品加征25%关税。美国违反世贸规则,发动了迄今为止经济史上规模最大的贸易战。于当地时间7月6日起对第一批清单上818个类别、价值340亿美元的中国商品加征25%的进口关税。作为反击,中国也于同日对同等规模的美国产品加征25%的进口关税。美联储今年第二次加息。美国联邦储备委员会6月13日宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间上调25个基点到1.75%至2%的水平。这是美联储今年以来第二次加息,符合市场普遍预期。自2015年12月启动本     

中美贸易摩擦对大豆市场的影响分析

2019年5月10日,中美贸易战再度升级。中国是世界上最大的大豆进口国,而美国是中国大豆的主要进口国,中美两国发生贸易摩擦必定对大豆市场产生一定的影响。分析了中国大豆产业状况,探讨中美贸易摩擦对大豆市场的影响,并对贸易战下的中国大豆市场提出相关建议。     

为什么说贸易战打美国大豆的可能性低

正3月23日,商务部发布中止减让产品清单,拟对自美进口产品征收关税,其中包含猪肉及制品以及水果等部分农产品。此前,商务部2月份称中国将对原产于美国的进口高粱展开反倾销和反补贴调查,那么未来中美是否会选择开打大豆贸易战?我们从全球大豆供需情况以及贸易战对美国、中国的影响进行分析后认为,中美双方作为重要的     

中美贸易战实质与中国应对策略

关于自由贸易和保护关税的辩论是促使青年马克思研究经济问题的最初动因。在《关于自由贸易问题的演说》中,马克思深入剖析资本主义国家推行对外经济政策的阶级本质并预测其后果,对我们从新时代的高度认识当前美国推行的单边贸易政策具有重要的原理和方法论意义。本文在概括《关于自由贸易问题的演说》一文主要观点和理论贡献基础上,分析美国贸易保护政策的实质,并对我国如何应对“贸易战”提出建议。     

中美木质林产品贸易的竞争性与合作性分析

基于2014-2018年中美木质林产品贸易数据,通过测算显示性比较优势指数、贸易互补性指数、贸易结合度指数三个指标综合分析贸易战对中美木质林产品贸易的影响。研究结果表明中国和美国间木质林产品贸易合作性大于竞争性,在贸易战的影响下两国木质林产品产业竞争力均显著下降。总体来说,贸易战对中国木质林产品行业的现状及发展影响更大。     

中美贸易战背景下国有企业核心竞争力研究

面对当前全球经济一体化和中国经济的不断复苏,美国产生深刻的危机意识,对中国出口产品采取反倾销、反补贴调查政策.并利用政治手段压制中国出口经济,使得中国的国有企业受到巨大的打击.本文利用国家电网这一典型国有企业,探索国有企业的核心竞争力.并探究中美贸易战对国有企业核心竞争力的负面与正面影响,对负面影响提出建议.     

中国竹藤类产品出口潜力研究——基于引力模型的实证分析

基于引力模型,运用2007~2014年8年间中国对24个竹藤类产品贸易伙伴国的面板数据进行实证分析,结果表明:APEC的有关贸易安排对中国竹藤类产品贸易流量的影响较大,美国、日本、澳大利亚等APEC成员国是中国排名前3位的竹藤类产品进口国;贸易潜力测算结果显示中国对这3个国家均存在贸易不足,竹藤类产品贸易还有很大潜力可挖。基于此,提出应进一步加强中国与APEC成员国之间的合作交流,积极推进中国对美国、日本、澳大利亚等APEC成员国竹藤类产品出口向多样化和高质量化的方向发展,尽量选择与中国要素禀赋差异小的国家开展竹藤类产品的贸易等建议。     

SPS and TBT agreements and international agricultural trade: retaliation or cooperation?

In this article, we investigate whether the Brazilian notifications to the TBT and SPS agreements are characterized as retaliation or as cooperation in international agricultural trade in the period 1996–2008. A Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) model is used to estimate game models of bilateral trade between Brazil and its major partners (United States, European Union, and Japan). From the viewpoint of strategic games, the results suggest that the Brazilian notifications are forms of retaliation against the United States, and, regarding the European Union, the best result for Brazil was conciliation. On the other hand, if the results are interpreted as equilibria of bargaining games, they suggest that Brazil has great bargaining power in trade with the United States and that cooperation characterized agricultural trade between Brazil and the European Union in the period analyzed. In the case of agricultural trade between Brazil and Japan, only Japan has characteristics of a country with significant bargaining power.     

中国新疆与哈萨克斯坦农产品贸易现状及潜力评价基于贸易引力模型的实证研究

目的 文章利用2004—2017年乌鲁木齐海关数据，研究中国新疆与哈萨克斯坦农产品贸易的现状、互补性及影响因素，挖掘中国新疆与哈萨克斯坦农产品贸易潜力，为进一步拓展双方农产品贸易提出建议。方法 采用产业内贸易指数和引力模型进行实证分析。结果 中国新疆与哈萨克斯坦农产品贸易规模总体处于增长态势，但贸易联系紧密度不高；中国新疆以出口水果、蔬菜等劳动密集型农产品为主，哈萨克斯坦主要出口畜产品、棉麻丝等资源密集型农产品；农产品贸易整体属于产业内贸易，在九大类细分农产品领域存在各自竞争优势，双方贸易需求基本没有重叠，互补性较强；双方经济总量、人口规模、农产品贸易联系紧密程度、空间距离等是影响农产品双边贸易的重要因素。结论 中国新疆与哈萨克斯坦农产品贸易潜力总体呈现增长趋势，尤其在“一带一路”倡议提出后，双方贸易潜力提升幅度明显。     

全球农产品贸易网络演化与中国对策

目的 面对日益严峻复杂的国际经济政治环境,理清全球农产品贸易格局演变的特征及趋势,对于及时应对国际农产品市场风险、提高国际循环利用能力具有重要意义。方法 基于社会网络分析法,利用1996—2021年世界农产品贸易数据,文章从总体—行业—加工程度3个维度分别构建了全球农产品贸易网络,定量分析了全球农产品贸易网络的格局演化及重要节点特征。结果 （1）各国间农产品贸易关联日益加深,处于核心地位的国家数量显著增加,以美国为代表的单中心主导地位被削弱,但由少数国家主导全球农产品贸易的情形并未改变。（2）中国在全球农产品贸易网络中地位显著提升,点度中心度和接近中心度均位于前列,但中介中心度处于较低水平,说明中国对全球农业资源和市场的掌控能力依然不足。（3）各国在不同细分行业中的地位呈现明显的异质性,大多数国家的进口集中于少数贸易伙伴的少数产品,加工贸易逐渐成为全球农产品贸易的主流,发展高附加值农产品贸易成为各国农业贸易长远发展的战略选择。结论 为此,应持续优化农产品贸易布局,拓展与亚洲、拉美、非洲等新兴市场的贸易,不断提升农业全球价值链地位。     

The Chinese Enigma: Impacts of WTO Accession Upon Canadian and U.S. Exports and Imports

China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) is an important milestone in the integration of this nation into the world economy. Substantial reduction in trade barriers by China, one of the world's largest and most rapidly growing economies, is expected to have a significant impact, both on China itself and on the global economy. In assessing likely impacts on trade between China and North America of China joining the WTO, a priori one might expect new opportunities for China in labor intensive activities/products, while for the United States and for Canada one might expect added export market opportunities, as China grows, in activities/products that require land, resources and capital. However, the extent to which China and its trading partners will benefit from China's increasing integration into the global economy will largely depend on the internal changes in policy and infrastructure that may be adopted by China. China has embarked on a process of economic reform, but the speed and extent to which this continues to be pursued will affect this nation's ability to capitalize on its comparative advantages and to meet new challenges that are associated with the opportunities of access to a larger market. The difficulty of forecasting such internal changes means that China continues to be a major source of uncertainty in projecting world markets and trade flows. This uncertainty is particularly evident for trade in agricultural products     

The effects of the Yuan‐dollar exchange rate on agricultural commodity trade between the United States,China, and their competitors

The United States claims that the undervaluation of Chinese currency, the Yuan, causes U.S. exports to China to decrease and imports from China to increase. Furthermore, because the Yuan is undervalued only against the dollar, U.S. competitors have an advantage in exporting to China and China has an advantage over its competitors in exporting to the United States. This study develops a theoretical model to analyze the effect of the Yuan undervaluation on prices, supply, demand, and trade in the United States, China, and their competitors. This study applies a cointegration/error‐correction model to empirically quantify the short‐run and long‐run effects of the devaluation of the Yuan on important agricultural commodities traded between the United States, China, and their competitors. These commodities include Chinese imports of milk, soybeans, and cotton from the United States and U.S. imports of beans, fruit juice, and fruit from China. The results show that Yuan devaluation causes Chinese imports of U.S. milk, soybeans, and cotton to decline and U.S. imports of beans, fruit juice, and fruit from China to increase in the short run and in the long run.     

Role of international politics on agri‐food trade: Evidence from US–Canada bilateral relations

A well‐functioning trade relationship between Canada and the United States is crucial to the economic vitality of the Canadian agri‐food industry. However, agri‐food trade is more susceptible than other sectors to political interventions. The Trump presidency has strained Canada–US relations and his trade policy actions have significantly increased trade restrictions and trade policy uncertainty and undermined the rules‐based global trading system. We examine the pattern of agri‐food trade between the two countries and find that the upward trajectory of bilateral agri‐food trade ended in 2013. Although this flatlining predates the Trump administration, we show that Trump increased trade policy uncertainty starting in 2017 and likely impacted further expansion of trade. We examine what might change under the Biden presidency and argue that the new administration is likely to restore strong relationships with allies and work to rebuild important international institutions such as the World Trade Organization (WTO). Although protectionist forces will continue to impact bilateral agri‐food trade, we expect closer political ties between a Biden administration and the Canadian Prime Minister. This should have a positive effect on the Canadian agri‐food industry by reducing trade uncertainties, thereby increasing agri‐food trade between Canada and the United States.     

US farm support under a Biden administration: Plus ça change,plus c'est la même chose?

During the Trump administration, there has been an unprecedented increase in the level of domestic support provided to US agricultural producers. Direct farm supports, including price and income support payments, federal crop insurance, and supplemental assistance to compensate losses due to the trade war with China and the pandemic, have accounted for more than one‐third of net farm income. Those payments have threatened to push the United States over its World Trade Organization (WTO) domestic support obligations and increased its vulnerability to potential dispute settlement challenges in the WTO. The incoming Biden administration will likely bring a new focus to repurpose farm subsidies to provide environmental benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, but to achieve those reforms they will need to convince a US Congress that has historically been prone to maintaining the status quo.     

Potential Impacts of Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) on the Fresh Vegetable and Beef Trade

ABSTRACT

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) negotiations influence the global economic position of both the European Union (EU) and the United States (U.S.). Agricultural issues are an important part of the negotiation. There have been several analyses of the aggregate impacts of a T-TIP agreement. This report analyzes the commodity impacts on trade for fresh vegetables and beef. Vegetables represent the situation where the U.S. is a growing net importer and the EU has substantial potential for expanding exports to the U.S. in this highly competitive marketplace. Beef represents the situation where sanitary and phytosanitary restrictions on hormone use in production have prohibited consumer choices from being revealed in the marketplace for both the EU and the U.S. The authors provide insight into where the comparative advantages lie in freer trade situations.