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1.
This study focuses on why some companies in developing countries go beyond environmental regulations when implementing their corporate environmental social responsibilities or citizenship behavior. Drawing mainly upon the new institutional theory, this study develops a conceptual framework to explain three institutional factors: companies’ market orientations, industrial characteristics, and corporate identities. Accordingly, we suggest that companies from developing countries that are oriented to markets in developed countries, operate in highly concentrated industries, and have missionary identities adopt corporate environmental citizenship behavior by going beyond environmental regulations. The study also discusses the theoretical, policy, and managerial implications of the conceptual framework. 相似文献
2.
Leadership Styles and CSR Practice:
An Examination of Sensemaking,Institutional Drivers and CSR Leadership 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article examines the explicit and implicit corporate social responsibility (CSR) framework and its implications for leadership
style, in a major banking institution. Evidence for existence of the framework’s key concepts in relation to leadership styles
was explored through the self-reported sensemaking of leaders charged with CSR programme introduction. Qualitative data analysis
indicated that explicit CSR is linked to an autocratic leadership style, whereas implicit CSR is more closely aligned with
emergent and authentic styles. Although our results reinforced key aspects of the explicit and implicit CSR framework, they
demonstrated conflicting systems of both CSR and leadership within our case organisation and highlighted the difficulty in
categorising such a complex concept as CSR according to specific frameworks. Overall, our data suggest that the leadership
styles, needed to successfully implement explicit and implicit CSR programmes, are in conflict. Given our finding that these
CSR systems can coincide within one organisation, we suggest that the debating style of transformational leadership may be
the required linchpin. 相似文献
3.
Journal of Business Ethics - This study examines how the CSR committee and CSR-linked executive compensation jointly affect CSR performance as governance mechanisms. Prior studies provided mixed... 相似文献
4.
In an ethnographic study of a retail setting, we examine relationships among competitors. We find that competitors often emphasize various forms of cooperation, and we describe socio-economic behaviors that illustrate how cooperation transcends or mediates competition among retailers. Retailers selectively cooperate and compete for customers in ways that alter our understandings of concepts such as loyalty and market stability, and practices such as marketing communications and pricing. We highlight the significance of these institutional practices and the role they play in forming and maintaining community in a bazaar. 相似文献
5.
This paper implements a time series econometric model to determine the timing of full convergence of incomes and output per capita and total factor productivity in the North and South of Cyprus, regardless of whether there is a political settlement or not. A significant dimension of the paper is its emphasis on institutional convergence, going beyond econometric or statistical convergence. Our results reveal that North Cyprus needs 17 years to catch up to full per capita income convergence, 16 years for per capita output convergence and 17 years for full total factor productivity (technological) convergence. The time‐series findings demonstrate that statistical convergence is occurring quite rapidly as the North is catching up to the average income and productivity levels of the South, which may confirm evidence of unconditional (beta) or absolute convergence, but there are significant differences between North and South in savings, tastes, population growth and technology. Most significantly, there are institutional differences highlighted in the study with a Two‐sector model of gate‐keeping and rent‐seeking which validates the premises of conditional convergence. Put differently, there are strong forces of divergence hidden behind our statistical findings. 相似文献
6.
The academic literature reveals the need to undertake more in-depth field studies in order to discover the organisational culture, the difficulties and the perceptions surrounding CSR in SMEs. This study presents the results of analysis of four case studies on Catalan companies that stand out for their social and environmental practices. The conclusions of this paper are the result of dialogue with the main actors – four medium-sized companies – focusing on their actions, understandings and resistance with regard to CSR. The methodological perspective used was Grounded Theory, with the aim of the study being to contribute towards formalising CSR in SMEs, in their daily practices, by analysing some primary data. The results obtained show how difficult it is for SMEs to understand CSR, beyond the explanation of the specific practices carried out by the companies. They highlight the role played by the values of the founding director in the implementation of CSR programmes; they reveal that SMEs still have a long way to go towards learning how to inform both internal and external stakeholders of their best practices, and; finally, they show the interesting links that SMEs establish between responsible practices, improved competitiveness and economic results. Finally, the text points out the implications that the results of this analysis may have on creating ways of promoting CSR in SMEs. We believe that, in light of the opinions expressed by the companies, public organisations should try to concentrate on creating a favourable framework for responsible competitiveness, as a way to deal with CSR when addressing SMEs.David Murillo is a Researcher at the Institute for the Individual, Corporations and Society (IPES), ESADE Business School, Universitat Ramon Llull and Academic Assistant at the same institution. He is the current coordinator of the SMEs and CSR research field at IPES. He holds a degree in Business Administration, a degree in Human Studies and a diploma in Sociology. He is currently pursuing his PhD in SME CSR.Josep M. Lozano is currently a Professor in the Department of Social Sciences at ESADE, Universitat Ramon Llull and Director of the school’s Institute for the Individual, Corporations and Society (IPES). Co-founder of ética, Economía y Dirección (Spanish branch of the European Business Ethics Network), member of the international Editorial Board of ‘Ethical Perspectives’ and member of the Business Ethics Inter-faculty group of the Community of European Management Schools (CEMS). He has been a highly commended runner-up in the European division of the Beyond Grey Pinstripes Faculty Pioneer Award. Author of Ethics and Organizations. Understanding Business Ethics as a Learning Process. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 2000. 相似文献
7.
Why do multinational corporations (MNCs) frequently encounter corporate social responsibility (CSR) crises in leading emerging markets in the new century? Existing research about institutional impacts on MNC CSR has developed a void-based account about how the flawed institutional system allows misdeeds to happen. But the fact that such misdeeds have turned into increasing CSR crises in the new century along with institutional change is rarely taken into account. This paper combines studies of institutional voids, institutional entrepreneurship, and stakeholder theory to develop a concept of institutional sophistication, which refers to both the top-down maturation of the regulatory system that standardizes firm behavior and the bottom-up diversification and intensification of grassroots initiatives that redefine stakeholder membership. Based on this concept, we developed a framework to comprehensively demonstrate how both institutional voids and sophistication drive the MNC CSR crisis in leading emerging markets. Empirically, we established an original database that includes 309 publicized CSR crises encountered by major foreign MNCs in China, India, and Russia, 2000–2011. Through a content analysis, the paper reveals six common sophistication processes that drive the MNC crisis across contexts and also specifies stakeholder strategies that make these processes happen and vary by social problems and national contexts. We also discussed the value of studying corporate social irresponsible behavior in understanding the institution–MNC relationship. 相似文献
8.
Ethical debate exists on the effect of gender diversity of the top management teams (TMTs) on organizations. This study aims to contribute to this debate by analyzing the effects of gender diversity of TMTs on the relationship between knowledge combination capability and organizations’ innovative performance. We use a sample of 205 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) belonging to the sector of Spanish technology-based firms (TBFs). Our results indicate that gender diversity positively moderates the relationship between knowledge combination capability and innovation performance. Implications for theory and practice are discussed—among them, ways to contribute to more equal gender distribution and to the benefits of gender diversity in top management positions. 相似文献
9.
Tamgid Ahmed Chowdhury 《Journal of Global Marketing》2013,26(4):224-236
ABSTRACT This article argues that the traditional belief that “consumer ethnocentrism is a phenomenon of developed countries only” is no longer true. To establish this argument, our study assesses the applicability of the Consumer Ethnocentric Tendencies Scale (CETSCALE) to Bangladesh by judging the unidimensionality feature of the same. The methodology is based on a sample of 788 respondents collected from 27 districts in Bangladesh. Statistically significant results show that for three chosen sociodemographic groups, namely, students, job holders, and businesspersons, the original CETSCALE is to a large extent applicable as those groups have shown positive attitudes in retaining 12 to 14 items of the 17 items of the original scale. However, the groups and the respondents as a whole did not agree with the unidimensionality feature of the CETSCALE. Moreover, the results of the study show that Bangladeshi consumers in greater extent prefer to see “Made in Bangladesh” tags when buying consumer products that Bangladeshi businesses can produce locally—a significant potential threat to international business that multinational companies need to address. 相似文献
10.
Kalayanee Senasu 《Journal of East-West Business》2013,19(1):41-66
This research investigates the relative effects of perceived corporate social responsibility (PCSR) and implemented corporate social responsibility (ICSR) on employee work-life satisfaction and employee job satisfaction in Thai workplaces. The data were collected via self-administered questionnaires completed by 1,277 employees in different employment sectors in Thailand. The response rate was 73%. The results reveal that PCSR and ICSR have a positive impact on both work-life satisfaction and job satisfaction. We believe the research contributes significantly to the literature on the subject as the findings further validate results obtained in studies conducted in Western economies. 相似文献
11.
试论发展中国家产业政策的主要问题与改进方向 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
产业政策是发展中国家主导性的经济政策.发展中国家的产业政策因其产生的特殊背景与条件,具有自身的特点与合理性,但在实践中也暴露出了不少缺陷,产生了一些负面影响.为更好地推动经济结构调整与经济发展方式转变,发展中国家政府必须反思产业政策带来的现实问题,对产业政策作出适当调整.要强调劳动生产率上升标准,严格把握重点产业的选择标准;对重点产业的保护与扶植做到公开透明,并进行定期评估;在重点产业内部引入竞争机制,促使企业充分参与国际竞争;加强对创新行为的支持与保护.我国在制定产业政策时,在重点产业的选择上应更为慎重,并更多地考虑如何在重点产业内部创造竞争并提高政策扶植透明度、强化评估监管等问题. 相似文献
12.
Jamal A. Al-Khatib Mohammed Y. A. Rawwas Scott J. Vitell 《Journal of Business Ethics》2004,55(4):307-320
Relationships with one’s employees, co-workers, or superiors create ethical dilemmas. Employees’ judgments and ethical perceptions have been extensively studied in Western cultures, but not in developing countries. The purpose of this investigation is to examine employees’ self-reported work-related ethics and compare them to their perceptions of co-workers’ and top managements’ along various morally challenging situations in three developing countries’ organizations. Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Oman, known as the Gulf countries, were selected as the research setting – and provided the sampling frame – for this study. The results suggest that respondents perceived all ethically challenging situations as unethical and had significant differences among themselves regarding the ethical perceptions of self, as compared to perceptions of peers’, and top managements’. Discussion of the results and implications are provided. 相似文献
13.
《国际贸易问题》2015,(5)
本文从出口技术附加值视角,利用PRODY指数和EXPY指数,测算和分析了世界及样本国家农产品出口技术附加值,并在此基础上对世界农产品出口贸易技术结构是否存在收敛趋势进行了检验。研究表明,世界及样本国家农产品出口技术附加值总体上均不断增长,主要样本发达国家农产品整体出口技术附加值大多显著高于主要样本发展中国家;世界各类别农产品出口技术附加值是否存在绝对σ收敛不明确;全部样本国家和样本发展中国家农产品出口技术结构均存在绝对σ收敛,样本发达国家农产品出口技术结构存在绝对σ发散;世界各类别农产品及全部样本国家、样本发达国家和样本发展中国家农产品整体的出口技术附加值均存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛,且样本发展中国家农产品出口技术结构的绝对β收敛速度和条件β收敛速度均明显快于样本发达国家。 相似文献
14.
This study is based on the premise that the success/failure of financial sector reforms depends heavily on country specific factors and makes an attempt to examine these factors in the Indian context. The financial sector reforms analysed in this paper include the deregulation of interest rates, increasing competition and foreign ownership, and the introduction of financial supervision. We argue that an economic rationale for a gradualist approach to financial reform is that it is stability enhancing. Furthermore, we suggest that India’s complex political economy has resulted in a gradual approach to reform, and this approach has been successful along the dimension of banking stability. 相似文献
15.
区域经济集聚与扩散过程及其临界点——对一个动态系统的数理解释 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
集聚与扩散是区域经济发展的典型动态表现形式。集聚与扩散的交替运动不断形成新的经济增长点 ,带动区域经济的整体发展 ,定位集聚与扩散之间的转折点 (临界点 )可以预知区域经济发展的整体态势及下一个增长点的出现。用数理模型对这一过程给予解释 相似文献
16.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Theory and Practice in a Developing Country Context 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
After providing an overview of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) research in different contexts, and noting the varied
methodologies adopted, two robust CSR conceptualizations – one by Carroll (1979, ‘A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of
Corporate Performance’, The Academy of Management Review
4(4), 497–505) and the other by Wood (1991, ‘Corporate Social Performance Revisited’, The Academy of Management Review
16(4), 691–717) – have been adopted for this research and their integration explored. Using this newly synthesized framework,
the research critically examines the CSR approach and philosophy of eight companies that are considered active in CSR in the
Lebanese context. The findings suggest the lack of a systematic, focused, and institutionalized approach to CSR and that the
understanding and practice of CSR in Lebanon are still grounded in the context of philanthropic action. The findings are qualified
within the framework of existing contextual realities and relevant implications drawn accordingly.
Dr. Jamali is Assistant Professor of Management at the Olayan School of Business, American University of Beirut. She holds
a BA in Public Administartion from the American University of Beirut, and a Ph.D. in Social Policy and Administration, from
the University of Kent at Canterbury, UK. Her research interests encompass corporate social responsibility, public private
partnerships, learning organizations and women issues. She worked as an expert consultant on projects funded by the World
Bank, the US Agency for International Development, NGOs, and other regional and local public and private firms. She is the
author of numerous studies and international peer reviewed publications in various international journals, including the Journal
of Management Development, the International Journal of Public Sector Management, the International Journal of Quality and
Reliability Management, Business Process Management Journal, Public Works, Management and Policy and Women in Management Review.
Ramez Mirshak Graduated with honors from the American University in Cairo (AUC) with a Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration
in February 2001, then worked for two years in Egypt in the field of marketing and management. In 2004–2005, pursued his Masters
of Business Administration at the American University of Beirut (AUB), researching primarily issues relating to change management
and corporate social responsibility under the supervision of Dr. Dima Jamali, then joined a leading international financial
institution as a regional Management Associate, while maintaining links with AUB and working on several research based projects. 相似文献
17.
18.
《中国对外贸易(英文版)》2005,(4)
At the beginning of this year, Lenovo Group purchased the PC business including production, marketing,research and development of worldfamous IBM with the US$1.25 billion.In this way,Lenovo Group ranks among the front three strongest of world IT industry. This made Chinese excited. Before, TCL Group purchased color TV and DVD business of famous brand Thompson France. These events proved the competitiveness of China's economy after joining WTO, though face all sorts of pressures and challenges, at the same time the world market offered the new opportunity for the development of China's economy. 相似文献
19.
Developing countries have recently experienced a burgeoning of small-scale individual entrepreneurs (SIEs) – who range from
petty traders to personal service workers like small street vendors, barbers and owners of small shops – as a result of market-based
reforms, rapid urbanisation, unemployment, landlessness and poverty. While SIEs form a major part of the informal workforce
in developing countries and contribute significantly to economic growth, their potential is being undermined when they engage
in irresponsible and deceptive business practices such as overpricing, sale of underweight or substandard products, or attempts
to hoard goods, to name a few. Despite the growing interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives of small
businesses in developing countries, the SIEs have received almost no attention. To address this void in the literature, we
explore the reasons for the less than optimal level of social responsibility demonstrated by some SIEs in developing countries.
We do so by drawing upon the existing literature to develop a comprehensive framework of social responsibility of SIEs highlighting
their unique characteristics and the different contextual factors that they encounter in developing countries. Based on this
framework, we then present a set of propositions specifying the influence of these contextual factors such as business environment,
cultural traditions, socio-economic conditions, and both international and domestic pressures on the business practices of
SIEs. The framework offers an explanation for the lack of responsible entrepreneurship of SIEs and has important implications
for promoting sustainable business practices in developing countries where businesses are striving hard to survive and compete. 相似文献
20.
This study identifies unique corporate social responsibility (CSR) dimensions and develops a framework to analyze different levels of institutional dynamics in understanding CSR in China. Based on multiple case studies of 16 firms, the article examines the CSR philosophy and approach in China??s emerging market. The findings suggest that Chinese CSR understanding is largely grounded in the context of ethical and discretionary actions. This focus is mainly attributed to the dominant role of ethical leadership, governmental dependency, and cultural traditions in Chinese CSR. Moreover, the weakness or the absence of conducive social normative environment and positive peer pressure, and misalignment between CSR and organizational design further contribute to a lack of systemic and institutionalized approach to CSR in China. Our study implies that CSR is still evolving at a preliminary stage in China, and institutional infrastructure and cultural ethics are exerting abiding influence on CSR approach in the emerging economies. The article also suggests the implications for practice and policy making. 相似文献