不确定性下公共安全的经济学分析

本文把公共安全水平纳入效用函数和生产函数,由此建立了一个随机内生经济增长模型。以随机动态最优化作为基本工具,确定了均衡状态下经济均衡增长率、个人消费与财富比以及资本和债券份额。同时,还分析了经济均衡时随机扰动和个人公共安全参与度对经济增长和社会福利的影响。     

不确定性下公共安全的经济学分析

本文把公共安全水平纳入效用函数和生产函数,由此建立了一个随机内生经济增长模型.以随机动态最优化作为基本工具,确定了均衡状态下经济均衡增长率、个人消费与财富比以及资本和债券份额.同时,还分析了经济均衡时随机扰动和个人公共安全参与度对经济增长和社会福利的影响.     

新古典模型中收入和财富分配持续不平等的动态演化

本文讨论了当个人劳动能力和偏好存在差异的情况下，资本收入和劳动收入分配的差异如何通过遗产机制影响收入和财富分配的持续性不平等程度。论文分析表明：在偏好、个人劳动能力和个人收入的随机冲击的影响下，如果市场是完善的，整个经济系统存在收入和财富分配的稳定不平等状态，而且，这种稳定的不平等状态与初始的财富分配的不平等和一次性的产权配置都是无关的。最后，本文分析了资本收入税和劳动收入税对持续不平等程度的影响，通过分析指出：从长期来看，在劳动能力和初始财富存在差异而偏好没有差异的情况下，征收劳动收入税比征收资本收入税更有利于改善由于能力差异所造成的持续不平等。     

随机寿命下财富短缺风险度量

本文在随机寿命和随机金融资产收益率的假定下,利用必要财富增长率来度量退休人员的财富短缺风险,即在给定的个人财富过程和给定的置信度(95%)下,在给定的时间段内(死亡时刻之前),使财富值保持为正的最低财富增长率。本文利用随机死亡率模型和退休人员财富变化过程推导退休人员的财富短缺概率,并利用数值算法求解财富短缺概率低于5%时的财富必要收益率。最后,本文从消费的角度划分了三类老年群体:基准群体、遗赠群体和独居群体,比较这三类群体的财富短缺风险特征;之后进行参数敏感性分析,认为消费物价指数和国债收益波动率的增大均加大了老年人的财富短缺风险。本文对必要财富收益率的度量为将来设计多样化养老金融产品的收益率提供了参考标尺。     

IT解决方案:财富管理的数字化趋势

<正>改革开放以来,中国百姓的财富始终保持不断增长。根据凯捷与美林全球财富管理发布的《2011年全球财富报告》,中国目前拥有535000位高净值个人,位居全球第四。而另一项由中国招商银行和贝恩咨询公司发起的调查显示,截至201 1年底,中国富人所有资产总和达到18万亿人民币,比2010年增长了18%。随着个人财富的不断膨胀,如何管理资产使其保值、增值成为当下人们关注的重点,"财富管理"一词也越来越多地进入公众的视线。     

新古典模型中收入和财富分配持续不平等的动态演化

本文讨论了当个人劳动能力和偏好存在差异的情况下,资本收入和劳动收入分配的差异如何通过遗产机制影响收入和财富分配的持续性不平等程度。论文分析表明:在偏好、个人劳动能力和个人收入的随机冲击的影响下,如果市场是完善的,整个经济系统存在收入和财富分配的稳定不平等状态,而且,这种稳定的不平等状态与初始的财富分配的不平等和一次性的产权配置都是无关的。最后,本文分析了资本收入税和劳动收入税对持续不平等程度的影响,通过分析指出:从长期来看,在劳动能力和初始财富存在差异而偏好没有差异的情况下,征收劳动收入税比征收资本收入税更有利于改善由于能力差异所造成的持续不平等。     

提高企业财务报告阅读与使用效率的有效措施

随着企业资产规模以及个人财富不断增加，企业及个人的对外投融资等理财活动日益频繁，并且呈现出多元化趋势，诸如投资房地产、股票、基金、债券、企业股权、通过银行等机构贷款融资，这些活动逐渐成为企业和个人获得财富增加的又一个渠道。一般来说，报表使用者要做出合理的经济决策，所依据的应该是真实准确及时完整的财务报告，否则，就会造成报表使用者决策失误，导致决策者资产损失和管理失效。     

论保卫人员思想政治工作在企业管理中的作用

在企业经营管理中，保卫部门担负着维护企业正常生产经营，预防和减少违法犯罪，维护企业内部治安，保护企业财产安全和职工群众生命财产安全的重任。因此，注定企业保卫人员要有比公司其他员工具有更高的思想觉悟，更高的个人素质，政治觉悟和更严谨的工作态度。本文就保卫人员思想政治工作在企业经营管理中的作用进行了研究，为企业生产经营活动提供重要保证。     

财富学的难点是坐标的取舍

我个人认为，中国对财富理论的研究成果，目前当数吴杰的《财富论》最具体系，有深度，且厚重。但是吴杰对财富的本原和形态的理解却也不能解决问题。     

浅谈个人和企业的合理避税途径

随着社会经济的日益发展，税收在国民收入中的比重日趋凸显。寻找合理、合法的避税途径，是现阶段个人和企业增加财富的重要的手段。一方面，个人熟悉和了解合理的避税方式，不但能提升个人理财能力，而且能增加家庭财富，改善生活质量；另一方面，积极寻找企业的合理避税方法，也为企业的生存和发展提供充足的流动资金。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.