网络经济运行规律初探

网络经济是以统一在互联网平台上的信息为核心资源的经济形态。本从经济增长模式、经济周期、产品定价和市场结构等方面初步探讨了经济运行规律发生的变化。     

信息产品定价浅析

信息技术正在对人类社会经济的各个方面发生着深刻的影响。因特网在全世界的蓬勃发展也带来了无穷的商机，如何对信息产品进行定价以获取最大的利润成为信息产业的厂商所面临的一大新问题。本文尝试利用经济学的基本原理来对信息产品定价进行分析。     

广告定价策略与价格离中现象

文章运用博弈论方法，推导广告促销条件下厂商的均衡定价策略和广告发布策略。本文所建立的定价模型适用于保险企业、利用电视购物频道推销产品的厂商以及通过互联网发布价格和产品信息的零售商。     

数字产品定价问题的探讨

文章阐述了网络经济及数字产品基本特性,在经济学理论指导下,分析了影响数字产品的定价问题的诸多因素,为认识数字产品这一新兴事物提供了理论探讨.     

网络经济环境下的信息产品定价理论探讨

一、Bertrand寡头市场结构的定价方式 假定厂商一开始都没有将自己的信息产品差异化的动机,各厂商都生产无差别的产品.注意到信息产品的成本结构与实物产品相比具有明显的不同之处,即信息产品的生产固定成本很高,但复制成本很低,一旦第一份被生产出来,生产拷贝的数量将不受自然能力的限制,即信息产品的边际成本是一个约等于零的固定常数.这些成本特征使信息产品的销售者之间的竞争把价格推向零.     

网络经济系列研究论文之二网络经济环境下的信息产品定价理论探讨

一、Bertrand寡头市场结构的定价方式 　　假定厂商一开始都没有将自己的信息产品差异化的动机,各厂商都生产无差别的产品.注意到信息产品的成本结构与实物产品相比具有明显的不同之处,即信息产品的生产固定成本很高,但复制成本很低,一旦第一份被生产出来,生产拷贝的数量将不受自然能力的限制,即信息产品的边际成本是一个约等于零的固定常数.这些成本特征使信息产品的销售者之间的竞争把价格推向零.……     

网络经济系列研究论文之二网络经济环境下的信息产品定价理论探讨

一、Bertrand寡头市场结构的定价方式 假定厂商一开始都没有将自己的信息产品差异化的动机,各厂商都生产无差别的产品.注意到信息产品的成本结构与实物产品相比具有明显的不同之处,即信息产品的生产固定成本很高,但复制成本很低,一旦第一份被生产出来,生产拷贝的数量将不受自然能力的限制,即信息产品的边际成本是一个约等于零的固定常数.这些成本特征使信息产品的销售者之间的竞争把价格推向零.     

最终产品市场为Stackelberg竞争的集团转移定价研究

基于最终产品市场关于差异化产品进行StackeIberg竞争,研究企业集团的中间产品转移定价决策问题。研究结果表明,集体的中间产品转移价格大于中间产品的边际成本,领头厂商D1的最优利润大于追随厂商D2的最优利润。与Hirshleifer提出的边际成本转移定价策略相比,本文提出的转移定价策略为优。     

消费者多方持有行为与厂商的兼容性选择:基于双边市场理论的探讨

在网络型产业中,特别在具有双边市场特征的网络型产业中,厂商之间的不兼容导致越来越多的消费者同时拥有多个竞争性不兼容厂商的产品以增加网络产品使用的便利性。尽管多方持有行为给消费者带来不便,但是目前仅有少数产业(电信产业)在政府干预下被强制进行了互联互通。大多数具有类似特征的产业很少受到政府干预。研究表明在非对称双边市场中:1．消费者多方持有行为是影响厂商定价策略和厂商兼容性选择的关键因素。消费者多方持有行为的存在将导致厂商定价偏高,厂商将选择不兼容策略。2．虽然消费者多方持有行为会使得消费者剩余有所提高,但厂商之间实现兼容之后,消费者获利更多,社会福利将得到更大改善。中国银行卡产业的联网通用改革恰好证明了这一点。     

信息产品的特质及其定价策略分析

本文分析了信息产品的特殊成本结构及信息产品的市场竞争特点,然后,提出了信息产品供应商要获得成功,必须实行产品差别化和成本领先战略,而定价策略则是成功实施这两种战略的关键.在此基础上,本文又提出了适合信息产品的个人化定价、版本划分和群体定价这三种不同的差别化定价策略.     

The Price of Electricity in Indonesia

Persistent shortages of electric power and of capital to fund power system expansion have recently prompted the Indonesian government to allow the private sector to supply electricity. Price has become a controversial issue—both the retail price private producers would charge the public, and the wholesale price at which they would seil in bulk to the state utility, PLN The government has traditionally kept the retail price below cost to support economic development objectives, and subsidies have covered PLN's losses. Opponents of private power argue that without subsidies private suppliers would have to raise the retail price to unacceptable levels—according to PLN, almost 50% more per kilowatt-hour than its own price. The paper assesses PLN's claim by quantifying hidden subsidies, and demonstrates that, if these were properly taken into account, the average retail price per kilowatt-hour for 1980–93 should have been 46% higher than it was.     

废旧电器再生利用价格形成与运行机制研究

废旧电器回收再生利用产业化具有广阔前景和重大意义,但产业链价格理论与形成机制不完善制约着产业健康发展。废旧电器回收再生利用价格形成与运行机制研究应以产业链协调发展为原则,政府管制为驱动力。用循环经济理论。兼顾我国现阶段废旧电器的垃圾和商品两个属性,从技术、经济、社会3个层次研究其回收再生利用物质、价值和行为3个形态循环机理与互动关系;从生产者延伸制出发研究产业链各主体责任体系与运行机制：以产业链有效运行为目的,研究特许经营下再生利用补贴政策与实施机理,形成政府产业价格调控与管制方法,构建产业发展科学评价体系,形成价格市场竞争与合理补贴系统理论．提供产业可持续发展决策依据。     

Analysis of main subjects of the goods price formation in the market economy

The theoretical researchers, in the socialist market economy, are obliged to study the new features, the new rules, and the new important subjects of the product and service price formation in the contemporary economic development. Based on the theoretical analysis of the main subjects of the goods price formation, this paper reveals that the governmental policy is the main information resource of the main subjects of the goods price formation, the cost of goods is the main index of the main subjects of goods price formation and the consumer demand is the initial motivation of the main subjects of goods price formation.     

Cereal producers and the structural adjustment programme (SAP) in Ghana: A welfare analysis of the first decade of SAP

Small-scale food producers in Ghana produce about 90 per cent of the food in the country. Behaviourial patterns characteristic of these semi-commercial producers are complex, making it hard for policy makers to predict the consequences of policies on them. This study analyses the effects of the Structural Adjustment Programme on cereal producers in Ghana. A system of demand and supply equations was employed in a simulation analysis performed under three different scenarios to observe the aftermath of price increases; measure the impact of devaluation of the cedi; and gauge the effect of price increases and devaluation. The results show that cereal producers gain but consumers lose in terms of producer and consumer surplus. There is a net welfare loss as a result of the SAP.     

The Quality of Smallholder Coffee in South Sumatra: The Production of Low-Quality Coffee as a Response to World Demand 1

Improving the quality of Indonesia's coffee exports has been a priority of government and the Association of Indonesian Coffee Exporters for some years. Efforts to achieve this objective have, however, been hampered by misconceptions about the reasons why coffee producers and traders at each point in the marketing network do not deliver a higher quality product. The research reported here shows that price premia for higher quality coffee are not large enough to encourage greater quality enhancement. The world market for low to medium grades, used in the production of instant coffee, is much larger than that for high-quality coffee, and this preference is transmitted in the form of low incentives to improve the product. Failure to understand this has led to government policies which at best do not solve the quality problem and at worst exacerbate it.     

关于绿色GDP核算问题的探讨

绿色GDP是指绿色国内生产总值，它是对GDP指标的一种调整，是扣除经济活动中投入的环境成本后的国内生产总值。本文论述了绿色GDP的由来、核算内容、核算难点和核算方法。重点论述了环境成本核算方法，包括比价法、实物量法、统计法、价值量法和未来收益估价法。     

Road transport productivity in the sixteenth‐century Low Countries: the case of Brabant, 1450–1650†

Though there is a consensus that transport plays a central role in economic development, for the period before the eighteenth century there is a lack of strategic information for assessing the importance of road transport productivity changes in economic development. Transport prices in particular are crucial missing pieces of the puzzle. Sources rarely reveal information that meets the standards of reliable price history. However, it is possible to create a reliable transport price series on the basis of the transport of millstones to ducal mills in Brabant. Assessing the impact of the ‘transport productivity changes’ that can be inferred from this transport price series is a hazardous exercise. Moreover, as Masschaele has observed, land transport prices closely match general agricultural price trends. Land transport was essentially an agricultural service, determined both by cost (especially horse provender) and income effects. Transport price inflation was not demand‐led. However, while transport did not impede urbanization and economic growth, conversely, in sixteenth‐century Brabant—a highly urbanized region that experienced considerable growth in the volume of land transport—no significant land transport productivity gains were achieved.     

会计信息质量对股价崩盘风险的影响研究

本文以2017-2021年中国上市公司为研究样本,探究会计信息质量对公司股价崩盘风险的影响。研究发现会计信息质量越高,公司所面临的股价崩盘风险就越低。主要通过降低公司内部人与外部投资者之间的信息不对称程度,缓解了管理者对外隐瞒坏消息的倾向降低股价泡沫发生的可能性。从管理者代理的视角出发,发现管理费用越高,会计信息质量对股价崩盘风险的抑制作用越显著。     

银行危机经济代价的影响因素研究

选取77个国家发生的89次银行危机为样本,分别以危机后的经济衰退程度和通胀成本作为银行危机经济代价的度量标准,采用简单线性回归模型对银行危机经济代价的影响因素进行了分析。研究发现,危机前的经常账户表现越差、房地产价格下降幅度越大,则危机后的经济衰退程度越严重。危机前的股票价格指数上涨越快,银行危机的通胀成本则越高。危机中政府财政支出的增加可以显著的降低危机后的经济衰退程度,危机中贬值策略的实施能够显著降低银行危机的通胀成本,危机中货币供应的增长则会显著提高危机后的通胀水平。     

SMP与PAB电力竞价机制的激励性研究

电力市场的两种基本竞价机制为传统的统一边际价竞价机制(SMP机制)和按报价支付的竞价机制(PAB机制)。首先从拍卖角度出发讨论两种竞价机制激励性,并对两种机制下发电商行使市场力的机理进行了深入分析。分析得出,无论是统一边际价竞价机制还是按报价支付的竞价机制都缺乏让发电商按真实成本信息报价的激励相容性,存在发电商虚报高价的现象,影响电力系统的稳定运行和经济调度。因而需要设计一种新的具有激励相容特性的价格机制。