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1.
Over the past decade, discussion has flourished among practitioners and academics regarding workers’ rights in developing
countries. The lack of enforcement of national labour laws and the limited protection of workers’ rights in developing countries
have led workers’ rights representatives to attempt to establish transnational industrial relations systems to complement
existing national systems. In practice, these attempts have mainly been operationalised in unilateral codes of conduct; recently,
however, negotiated international framework agreements (IFAs) have been proposed as an alternative. Despite their growing
importance, few studies have empirically studied IFAs. This paper starts to fill this gap by studying why corporations adopt
IFAs, based on a qualitative study of the process leading to the signing of a recent IFA. The study’s findings complement
existing research into why corporations adopt IFAs, codes of conduct, and CSR policies by demonstrating that corporate motives
can be linked to a desire to retain a trusting relationship with the labour union movement. In addition, the findings indicate
that the discrete campaign model of stakeholder pressure dominant in previous research should be complemented by a continuous
bargaining model of stakeholder pressure. The paper concludes by discussing differences between these conceptual models of
stakeholder pressure and avenues for future research.
相似文献
Niklas Egels-ZandénEmail: |
2.
Lilian Soares Outtes Wanderley Rafael Lucian Francisca Farache José Milton de Sousa Filho 《Journal of Business Ethics》2008,82(2):369-378
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a much-discussed subject in the business world. The Internet has become one
of the main tools for CSR information disclosure, allowing companies to publicise more information less expensively and faster
than ever before. As a result, corporations are increasingly concerned with communicating ethically and responsibly to the
diversity of stakeholders through the web. This paper addresses the main question as whether CSR information disclosure on
corporate websites is influenced by country of origin and/or industry sector. Analysing the websites of 127 corporations from
emerging countries, such as Brazil, Chile, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Thailand and South Africa, it becomes evident
that both country of origin and industry sector have a significant influence over CSR information disclosure on the web (CSRIDOW).
Based on the data studied, country of origin has a stronger influence over CSRIDOW than industry sector.
相似文献
José Milton de Sousa FilhoEmail: |
3.
Michelle Greenwood 《Journal of Business Ethics》2007,74(4):315-327
The purpose of this article is to transcend the assumption that stakeholder engagement is necessarily a responsible practice.
Stakeholder engagement is traditionally seen as corporate responsibility in action. Indeed, in some literatures there exists
an assumption that the more an organisation engages with its stakeholders, the more it is responsible. This simple ‹more is
better’ view of stakeholder engagement belies the true complexity of the relationship between engagement and corporate responsibility.
Stakeholder engagement may be understood in a variety of different ways and from a variety of different theoretical perspectives.
Stakeholder engagement may or may not involve a moral dimension and, hence, is primarily a morally neutral practice. It is
therefore argued that stakeholder engagement must be seen as separate from, but related to, corporate responsibility. A model
that reflects the multifaceted relationship between the two constructs is proposed. This model not only allows the coincidence
of stakeholder engagement with corporate responsibility, but also allows for the development of the notion of corporate irresponsibility.
相似文献
Michelle GreenwoodEmail: |
4.
Carmen Valor 《Journal of Consumer Policy》2008,31(3):315-326
This paper analyses one of the business case arguments for social responsibility: that corporate social responsibility plans
are rewarded by consumers. This paper explores the ability of consumers to buy responsibly, identifies the main obstacles
for responsible consumption, and suggests conditions for it to work. The review of previous studies leads us to conclude that
consuming responsibly is seen as a time consuming activity, economically disadvantageous, and stressful. The main thesis of
this paper is that unless market failures are corrected, consumers will not be able to buy responsibly, and therefore, market
incentives for CSR are seriously threatened.
相似文献
Carmen ValorEmail: |
5.
Higher educational services exports: sources of growth of Asian students in US and UK 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The paper reviews the recent trends and current developments in the global higher education market with a particular focus
on growth of Asian students studying in US and UK. Using pool cross section-time series data over the 1985–2003 period, it
is found that different factors affect students from different countries differently. This suggests that the marketing strategies
of offshore higher education providers need to be tailored to the specific needs of different markets in order to be successful.
The emergence of a number of new players in the higher education export market is also rapidly becoming a major threat to
the traditional higher education service exporters.
相似文献
Doren ChadeeEmail: |
6.
Helmut Fryges 《Small Business Economics》2009,33(2):165-187
Based on longitudinal data, this article examines empirically the long-term export behaviour of German and British technology-oriented
firms founded between 1987 and 1996. Applying logit models, the results show that firms can overcome high entry costs by acquiring
firm-specific assets. Similarly, firm-specific resources prevent high-tech companies from exiting the international market.
The strategic role of investment in R&D is stressed in particular by the data.
相似文献
Helmut FrygesEmail: |
7.
Francisco Mas-Verdú 《Service Business》2007,1(1):7-23
In regional contexts with a dense fabric of small- and medium-sized companies, the promotion of knowledge-intensive services
through Technology Centres is a key innovation policy. This paper examines four models of Technology Centres in Europe: Baden-Württemberg
(Germany), Denmark, Emilia-Romagna (Italy) and the Valencian Community (Spain). Aspects such as the participation of private
agents, the financing of the Centres, and the diversity and heterogeneity of the models are discussed. Both the economic-productive
base (company structure, sector specialization, location patterns, etc.) and the political–institutional features (distribution
of competences, available budget, etc.) are major points for establishing the definition of each model.
相似文献
Francisco Mas-VerdúEmail: |
8.
The effect of new business formation on regional development over time: the case of Germany 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
We investigate the effects of new business formation on employment change in German regions. A special focus is on the lag-structure
of this effect and on differences between regions. The different phases of the effects of new business formation on regional
development are relatively pronounced in agglomerations as well as in regions with a high-level of labor productivity. In
low-productivity regions, the overall employment effect of new business formation activity might be negative. The interregional
differences indicate that regional factors play an important role.
相似文献
Pamela MuellerEmail: |
9.
Business Ethics Training: Insights from Learning Theory 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
John A. Weber 《Journal of Business Ethics》2007,70(1):61-85
This paper explores research in educational psychology and learning theory in a search for insights to enhance business ethics
training Useful educational principles uncovered are then applied to the development of an ethics training initiative for
sales professionals. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research to help enrich business ethics training.
相似文献
John A. WeberEmail: |
10.
This paper has three objectives: (1) to survey the relevant literature addressing the (apparent) paradox of Research & Development
investments carried out within Small and Medium Enterprises; (2) to provide focused summaries of the articles in this special
issue; (3) to draw some general conclusions in terms of policy implications.
相似文献
Peter VoigtEmail: |
11.
Julio García del Junco José Manuel Brás-dos-Santos 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2009,7(2):135-162
Little research has analyzed the similarities or differences between entrepreneurs from different European Union countries.
The European Union is a single market, but also an international business arena where the entrepreneurs from any member state
can make their first move in the direction of internationalizing their business. This work presents an exploratory study of
the personal values and attitudes of European entrepreneurs based on a cross-cultural analysis of entrepreneurs from Germany,
Italy, and Spain. The analysis uses Hofstede’s model to study the cultural and social values of these entrepreneurs, and their
personal values have emerged from case studies. The results show that the entrepreneurs of the three different nationalities
share a similar pattern of personal values. These findings are discussed and proposals for further empirical research suggested.
相似文献
José Manuel Brás-dos-SantosEmail: |
12.
In twentieth century Europe and the USA, industrial relations, labour, and workers’ rights issues have been handled through
collective bargaining and industrial agreements between firms and unions, with varying degrees of government intervention
from country to country. This industrial relations landscape is currently undergoing fundamental change with the emergence
of transnational industrial relations systems that complement existing national industrial relations systems. Despite the significance of this ongoing change, existing research has only started to explore
the implications of this change for how workers’ rights are governed around the globe. This paper addresses this gap by outlining
an agenda for future research into the transnational governance of workers’ rights. Fulfilling such a research agenda would
be both challenging, as it requires combining the so far divergent industrial relations and business ethics research streams,
and rewarding, as it provides ample scope for promising future research.
相似文献
Niklas Egels-ZandénEmail: |
13.
Peter Cartwright 《Journal of Consumer Policy》2007,30(1):1-20
Criminal law is perhaps society’s strongest technique of formal censure. By labelling an activity as “criminal” we attach
to it a special stigma. Despite this, the United Kingdom (UK) has a long history of criminalising conduct that lacks the seriousness
we might expect that label to involve. One area where criminal sanctions have been commonly used in the UK is consumer protection.
This article argues that it is time to reconsider the role of criminal law in consumer protection and considers how alternative
regimes may better-protect the consumer from business wrongdoing.
相似文献
Peter CartwrightEmail: |
14.
Much of the theoretical work on industry dynamics focuses on the role of ‘noisy’ selection and incomplete information on firm
entry and survival. We extend this research by looking at the impact of firm heterogeneity on employment effects for 320 U.S.
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA). We find that only start-ups with greater than 20 and less than 500 employees have persistent
employment effects over time and only in large diversified metropolitan regions. Therefore, both the type of entry (Gazelles)
and the characteristics of the region are important for employment growth.
相似文献
Pamela MuellerEmail: |
15.
Francesca Gagliardi 《Small Business Economics》2009,32(4):439-464
The purpose of this article is to empirically assess the relationship existing between local financial development and the
growth of firms, with a special focus on cooperatives. Using Italian data, a multiplicative interaction model is specified,
so as to allow the impact of local banking development to differ between cooperative and non-cooperative firms. The main finding
is that although local banking development represents a determinant of firms’ growth, regardless of their legal structure,
it plays a special role in boosting the growth of cooperatives. This result provides evidence in favor to the existence of
an institutional complementarity relationship between the development of local banking institutions and cooperative firms.
相似文献
Francesca GagliardiEmail: |
16.
This paper examines the implications of the globalization of value chains for the role of small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs) in the tourism industry. To begin with, the configuration of the global tourism value chain is analysed. Next, the
participation of Andalusian SMEs in the global tourism value chains is investigated. A number of case studies have been developed
in two relevant sectors, hotels and travel agencies, giving priority to the main tourist typologies existing in Andalusia:
sun and sand, business and congress, cultural and rural. As a result, a SWOT analysis has been produced. Finally, from the
key findings some policy recommendations supporting the role of tourism SMEs in global value chain are made.
相似文献
Pilar TejadaEmail: |
17.
The authors review the foundation for incorporating market concentration directly into consumer utility functions, and develop
a general equilibrium model to derive welfare-maximizing principles for optimal enforcement of antitrust policies toward concentrated
market structures, including merger policy. An intriguing result is that increased market concentration can fail to maximize
economic welfare even if a proposed merger might generate positive net efficiencies.
相似文献
Norman P. ObstEmail: |
18.
Entrepreneurship and competitiveness dynamics in Latin America 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
This study analyses the relationship between entrepreneurial dynamics and the level of competitiveness in Latin American countries.
Based on a stage of economic development model, we demonstrate that Latin American countries under the model followed different
paths related to competitiveness. These different paths can explain the effect of specific competitiveness conditions on entrepreneurial
dynamics in Latin America.
相似文献
José Ernesto AmorósEmail: |
19.
Entrepreneurship in post-socialist economies: A typology and institutional contexts for market entrepreneurship 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Nir Kshetri 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2009,7(3):236-259
There is growing recognition among post-socialist (PS) economies that free-market entrepreneurship is essential for ultimately
improving their economic future. The promotion of market entrepreneurship, however, has been a challenging experience for
these economies. This paper examines various forms of entrepreneurship in PS economies. Drawing upon the institutional theory,
we also highlight the clear contexts and attendant mechanisms associated with institutions–entrepreneurship nexus in PS economies’
contexts.
相似文献
Nir KshetriEmail: |
20.
The comfortable perception that global environmental challenges can be met through marginal lifestyle changes no longer bears
scrutiny. The cumulative impact of large numbers of individuals making marginal improvements in their environmental impact
will be a marginal collective improvement in environmental impact. Yet, we live at a time when we need urgent and ambitious
changes. An appeal to environmental imperatives is more likely to lead to spillover into other pro-environmental behaviours
than an appeal to financial self-interest or social status.
相似文献
Tom CromptonEmail: |