扩大对发展中国家直接投资的可行性分析

中国经济近年来强劲增长,但也受到资源、市场等瓶颈的约束,因此我国政府实施了“走出去”战略,鼓励企业进行对外直接投资。我国是发展中大国,相对于其他发展中国家具有一定的比较优势,扩大对发展中国家的投资具有可行性。     

外资对人力资本积累的作用

人力资本与外资之间是相互影响、相互作用的关系.人力资本的水平对于外资的吸引作用受到了人们的充分重视,但是外资对于人力资本积累的作用则为人们有意无意地忽略.其实,外资可以通过多种渠道影响人力资本的积累.本文的实证结果表明,外资对于人力资本积累的影响是显著的.外资对于人力资本的积累作用不容忽视.     

外商直接投资的环境效应--基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析

改革开放以来,规模持续扩大的外商直接投资在推动我国经济增长的同时,也给我国生态环境带来一定的负面影响。本文利用我国30个省(市、区)、1999～2004年度的面板数据,构建了一个经济计量模型,对外商直接投资的环境效应进行测度。计量结果显示,外商直接投资对我国生态环境具有显著的负面效应:就全国总体情况而言,三资工业企业总资产每增加1%,工业废气排放量增加0.358%。进一步对东、中、西部三大区域的研究表明,与外商直接投资在我国的区域分布特征相一致,外商直接投资对我国生态环境的负面效应也呈现出明显的东高西低的梯度特征。文章最后提出了相关政策建议。     

Research on Spillover Effect of Foreign Direct Investment

The paper figure out there is potential for significant spillover effects from FDI into host countries. The paper summarizes some of the aggregate evidence of technology and productivity spillovers from FDI, and we focus more closely on the effects of FDI on human capital development in the host countries, both through linkages and various kinds of training, Section 4 is the summarization and conclusion of the paper.     

Financing of Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Flows: The Case of Indonesia 1

This paper tries to assess the effects of implementing foreign investment in Indonesia on the country's imports from home countries. This effect is found to be sizeable as more than 50% of realised foreign investment in Indonesia is implemented m kind. 1.e. by importing plant equipment. Furthemore, sectoral kind-cash financing ratios have been correlated with sectoral loan-equity ratios of realised investment from Japan as the largest country investing in non-oil sectors. This correlation is found to be negative and is explained by the way that investment legislation provides incennves for foreign investors to pay them equity contribution in kind and convey ownership of the plant equipment to local nationals later on.     

新兴市场国家金融部门外国直接投资问题研究

20世纪90年代中期以后,在一系列因素的作用下,新兴市场国家的FSFDI迅速增长。FS-FDI具有提高新兴市场国家的资本分配效率等积极作用,但同时也产生了新的金融脆弱性,使新兴市场国家的金融监管当局面临重大挑战。新兴市场国家在吸收FSFDI时应当加强审慎有效的金融监管;合理控制FSFDI的数量并鼓励本国金融机构提高国际化程度;统筹规划FSFDI的格局,避免来源国过于集中。目前,外资银行对中国金融部门的直接投资尚处在准备阶段,随着中国金融自由化步伐的逐步加快,以中国为首的东亚新兴市场国家将成为吸收国际FSFDI的主力。     

发展中国家已进入投资时代

近期,《日本经济新闻》发表了题为世界进入发展中国家投资时代的文章,标题高度概括了目前世界投资经济发展的特点。二战前的欧洲经济一直领跑着世界经济,欧洲经济的发展水平几乎就代表了世界经济的发展水平,第二次世界大战的爆发打破了这种格局。20世纪以来,尤其是冷战结束后,复苏的世界经济大规模地推进了全球化、市场化和信息化。世界经济的高速增长推动了金融市场与石油市场的全球化,导致了资本汇聚到美国,加速了美国的生产、贸易和消费的全球网络化建设,美国开始引领世界经济。     

Direct Inflation Targeting and Nominal Convergence: The Czech Case

This study analyses the impact of direct inflation targeting (DIT) on monetary policy credibility in the Czech Republic, as evidenced by asset prices. It examines the effect of changes in the two-week repo rate (the official interest rate) on short and long–term market interest rates. It assumes the asymmetry of information and the existence of a stationary stochastic equilibrium with full knowledge of authorities reaction function. We find that at short maturities, the coefficients for changes in the official repo rate are lower in the DIT period than in the pre-crisis period. This implies that the hypothesis of no increase in the transparency of monetary policy with the introduction of DIT can be rejected. We find that bond yields and interest rate swap rates with maturities of 5 years and longer did not react significantly to official interest rate decisions in the DIT period. This is consistent with the hypothesis that monetary policy was credible both before and after introduction of DIT.     

我国对外直接投资问题及对策

随着我国经济的发展,企业已拥有到国外发展的优势条件,研究我国对外直接投资战略,积极开拓国际市场和利用外国资源,增强我国经济发展的后劲与动力,加快我国企业“走出去”战略的步伐,有重要的现实意义。     

外商来华直接投资与中国企业对外投资的差异分析

中国的引进来和走出去是发展失衡还是渐趋平衡?本文从投资规模、投资产业、投资形式和投资政策四个方面进行了分析。     

日本引进外国直接投资与经济结构改革

20世纪90年代中期以后，日本一方面加大了引进外国直接投资的力度，另一方面又开始了新一轮经济结构改革，这两方面存在着密切的联系。随着外国直接投资的大量进入，日本对劳动力市场、企业和金融制度、税收制度等进行了重大的改革。从未来趋势看，引进外国直接投资可能在日本经济结构改革中有更强的促进作用。     

Vertical Intra-Industry Trade and Foreign Direct Investment between Japan and European Countries

In this paper, we provide an overview of the development of vertical intra-industry trade (VIIT) between Japan and various European countries, including both old and new EU members, as well as emerging Central and Eastern European countries. VIIT indices constructed in this paper cover a much wider range of margins of unit price ratio than existing studies. Our empirical model attempts to explain the distributional characteristics of VIIT through foreign direct investments (FDI), in addition to traditional determinants of IIT, such as differences in GDP per capita, average GDP, and smaller and larger GDPs. Our sample covers the period from 1988 to 2004 for bilateral trade between Japan and 31 European countries. Our econometric methodology for these panel data uses fixed-effect model estimation with a variable transformation determined by a Box-Cox approach. We find that intra-industry trade between European countries and Japan increases with their corresponding Japanese FDIs, especially for new EU member countries. Our results also indicate that it is important to measure a wider range of quality based on relative prices rather than the traditional ratio used in the literature.     

自由贸易区拉动发展中国家国际直接投资效应的比较研究——以东盟国家与墨西哥为例

本文以东盟国家和墨西哥参与自由贸易区的国际直接投资效应为例,揭示自由贸易区作用于国际直接投资的经济学原理,以及自由贸易区共同的政策制度挑战跨国公司原有优势和改善成员国投资环境的可能与途径。本文的研究将给正在积极参与自由贸易区建设的发展中国家带来正反两方面的启迪。     

外商直接投资对我国自主创新作用的实证分析——基于区域层面的面板数据分析

本文利用我国区域层面的面板数据,分析了外商直接投资对我国各个省发明专利、实用新型专利和外观设计专利等三种专利的作用,发现外商直接投资不但没有促进各省的发明专利数量的提高,反而有抑制作用,外商直接投资对我国技术创新的作用主要体现在促进了我国实用新型专利和外观设计专利数量的发展上。在市场换技术的引进外商直接投资过程中,外商凭借技术优势和资本优势,控制了技术和市场,抑制了国内企业的研发行为。要建设创新型国家,提高我国企业的核心技术水平,必须引导我国企业加大研发投入,建立我国企业自主研发体系,提高国内企业的研发能力,同时利用内外资企业之间的竞争效应、模仿效应、产业关联效应和学习效应。     

外商直接投资对我国的环境效应分析

改革开放以来,我国FDI流入量逐年增长,FDI在我国快速的经济增长中发挥了巨大的作用。然而,随着近年来我国部分省市环境恶化现象的出现。FDI对我国环境的负面影响也引起了较大关注。部分投资于污染密集型产业的FDI加剧了我国的环境污染,而部分省市盲目吸引FDI的引资政策也忽视了部分FDI对当地环境造成的严重污染。随着我国环境污染的加剧,以及人们环保意识的提高,如何协调FDI与环境之间的关系也成为我国经济发展中面临的重要问题。