公司团体套装旅游的影响因素研究——以中国台湾为例

本研究以中国台湾为例,在市场抽样调查的基础上,对公司团体套装旅游的影响因素进行定性分析,并建立定性分析模型.本研究采用半结构式问卷,结合深入访谈法,对台湾的30家高科技公司(其中21家上市公司),进行了深入访谈.经过严谨的分类过程,从5个题项(旅游信息渠道、目的地、行程、餐宿、景点)中产生29个类别.本研究结果表明,"目的地"、"行程"及"景点"是公司规划团体套装旅游时最主要的影响因素.     

新形势下福建省拓展台湾入境旅游市场的几点思考

2008年12月15日,海峡两岸海运直航、空运直航、直接通邮全面启动,宣告两岸"大三通"时代来临."大三通"中对两岸旅游发展意义最为重大的莫过于空运直航(以下简称直航).目前,有关大陆居民赴台旅游以及大陆地区发展台湾入境旅游市场的业界实践与学术探讨也由此开展得如火如茶.     

互联网传播的台湾旅游目的地形象——基于两岸相关网站的内容分析

通过对两岸综合旅游网站、旅行社网站及台湾旅游官方网站的内容分析,提炼出互联网传播的台湾旅游目的地形象主题:自然生态、度假、乡村、文化、城市.进一步的相关分析发现,各类网站构建并传播的台湾旅游目的地形象不同.研究结果为大陆居民赴台旅游市场的开发和台湾旅游目的地形象的提升提供借鉴.     

香港旅游研究回顾与展望——基于Tourism Management等英语学术期刊的述评

香港作为世界著名的旅游目的地和旅游客源地,虽然已经回归中国大陆,但大陆旅游学者对它的关注却严重不足.文章以发表在Tourism Management等英语学术期刊上的60篇香港旅游研究文献为基础,按境外民众赴港旅游等6个主题进行梳理和回顾,并提出了未来研究的方向.希望能为大陆的旅游研究和实践提供借鉴和参考.     

质量保证金的制度困境与旅游公共赔偿基金的建立——兼谈香港、台湾地区的经验

建立旅游公共赔偿基金的目的在于为旅游者出游活动提供财务保证, 香港地区的旅游业赔偿基金和台湾地区的旅游品质保障金就是很好的例证。大陆现行的旅行社质量保证金制度只是个体旅行社对自身债务的担保, 赔付作用有限。尤其值得注意的是, 《旅行社条例》和《旅游法（草案）》根据写作时间, 本文依据的是《旅游法（草案）》的内容。《旅游法》关于质量保证金条文虽然和《旅游法（草案）》有所不同, 但是不影响本文的研究结论。没有明确旅游行政管理部门的行政裁决权和行政强制执行权, 这可能导致质量保证金成为纸面上的制度。所以, 在现有的立法框架下改进质量保证金制度之外, 更应当考虑在未来的发展中, 充分发挥市场主体的自律作用, 再辅以必要的社会监督, 为旅游公共赔偿基金的建立创设条件。     

新技术时代传统旅行社的经营与发展

新技术时代,传统旅行社的经营与发展面临着诸多变化与挑战,蓬勃发展的OTA瓜分了原本的旅游市场,对传统旅行社的发展造成冲击。本研究通过实地调查,分析新技术时代旅行社经营现状,发现旅行社网络空间建设不完善,新技术与传统的联合经营开发不到位,旅游产品同质化程度高等问题,提出传统旅行社开展线上直播、开发多元化"旅游+"产品等建议,促进传统旅行社可持续发展。     

境外残障旅游与无障碍旅游研究进展与启示

文章围绕残障与旅游、残障旅游市场需求、残障旅游市场供给和无障碍旅游4大研究主题8个研究细类,梳理残障旅游境外研究状况。境外研究总体态势是以残障群体旅游需求为研究重点,围绕残障群体的旅游特点、动机、需求、偏好、决策、体验和出行障碍作诸多有益探索;同时基于残障群体的旅游需求特性,从旅行社、航空运输、住宿、景区4大旅游产业角度,针对性研究解决残障人群出行和旅游参与障碍、提供合理旅游产品和服务的思路和方法。文章最后评述了境外研究的思路、方法与不足,并从研究方法、研究团队构成和近期可以开展的研究领域对国内学者提出建议。     

大陆赴台自由行游客地方认同与休闲效益关系研究

台湾是许多大陆游客向往的休闲胜地, 大陆游客赴台自由行热度的持续升温, 这既给台湾带来巨大的旅游经济效益, 更可增进海峡两岸的民间交流和人民情谊。文章通过实证研究探讨大陆赴台自由行游客对台湾的地方认同及其在台从事休闲活动所获得的休闲效益等程度表现的差异性, 并检验地方认同与休闲效益间的相关性。研究表明, 大陆赴台自由行游客对台湾的地方认同以环境认同程度最高, 依恋程度最低, 其在台湾从事休闲活动所获得的休闲效益以社会效益最高, 生理效益最低;不同个人背景与游程规划的大陆赴台自由行游客在地方认同与休闲效益程度方面有显著的差异;地方认同与休闲效益间呈显著正相关且彼此间存在典型相关关系。研究成果可作为海峡两岸旅游职能部门及旅游企业完善休闲法规、环境与产品组合的参考。     

沈阳市中小旅行社转型与发展

在旅游行业高度网络化的背景下,旅行社的线上经营已经成为我国各地区旅行社发展的必然趋势。传统旅行社的转型与发展已经成为当前旅游行业理论与实践研究的核心课题。本文从旅行社转型的角度出发,探讨了沈阳市中小旅行社转型的必要性和难度,并提出了相应的发展策略,希望推动中小沈阳市旅行社转型的同时,也给其他旅行社的转型起到一定的参考和借鉴作用。     

旅行社与汽车俱乐部经营自驾车旅游的比较研究

在国内自驾车旅游快速发展的今天,旅行社和汽车俱乐部作为该领域中两大类主要经营实体,在组织自驾车旅游时,凭借着各自的优势正在发挥着越来越大的作用.但是,由于它们所属行业特点等原因,二者在许多方面尚存在问题.本文从不同角度,将旅行社与汽车俱乐部所经营的自驾车旅游进行了比较研究,因此对相关企业、行业乃至政府相关部门的决策都是十分有意义的.     

Incorporating Both Positive and Negative Association Rules into the Analysis of Outbound Tourism in Hong Kong

This article presents a novel approach to data mining that incorporates both positive and negative association rules into the analysis of outbound travelers. Using datasets collected from three large-scale domestic tourism surveys on Hong Kong residents' outbound pleasure travel, different sets of targeted rules were generated to provide promising information that will allow practitioners and policy makers to better understand the important relationship between condition attributes and target attributes. This article will be of interest to readers who want to understand methods for integrating the latest data mining techniques into tourism research. It will also be of use to marketing managers in destinations to better formulate strategies for receiving outbound travelers from Hong Kong, and possibly elsewhere.     

A predictive model of tourist destinations based on tourists' comments and interests using text analytics

Data provided by tourists always benefit tourism managers and help them offer customized services, products and destinations to future travelers. This research investigates the effect of interests on Iranian outbound tourists, especially their selection of a destination and then, using text and data mining algorithms, it introduces a model to predict tourists' destinations based on their interests and travel backgrounds. In the current study, a dataset of 244,980 travels, consisting of 6661 people, was extracted from social media to discover the relationship between tourists' interests and travel destinations. Hence, it represents a model that is created using data and text mining from travel agencies to design their marketing plans by offering and advertising destinations to travelers with specific interest categories. The model has also shown promising accuracy and interesting results for the future tourist destination data and text analysis.     

Relationship between the arrangement of shopping activities and consumer prepurchase perceptions of group package tours

Shopping is an indispensable part of a group package tour and an activity that substantially affects the travel experience and quality. However, few studies have focused on shopping-spot types and arrangements. This study examined the effects of shopping-spot types and arrangements in trip itineraries on consumer prepurchase perceptions. Survey data were collected from 282 outbound tourists in Taiwan. A 2?×?2 mixed factorial design was employed to test the hypotheses. Our main results demonstrate that a process-oriented shopping spot combined with an official tour itinerary was preferred by consumers. By contrast, a product-oriented shopping spot combined with a tourist shopping habitat was less preferred by consumers. The findings suggest strategic directions for travel managers to design package tour itineraries and conduct marketing planning. Managerial implications of this study and future research directions are discussed.     

中国出境旅游目的地的市场定位研究

本文探讨了中国出境旅游目的地的市场竞争以及市场定位，研究表明，中国公民出境旅游目的地的特征属性中，“安全性”与“优美的景色”是中国出境旅游者认为的最重要特征属性；KYST研究结果表明，在中国现已开放的出境旅游目的地中，新加坡与泰国、日本与韩国、埃及与德国是两两相似的出境旅游目的地形象；ALSCAL研究结果表明，中国出境旅游目的地的特征属性之间既具有联系，又具有差异；中国出境旅游目的地国家相互之间具有市场竞争性。为吸引更多的中国大陆旅游者出境旅游，中国出境旅游目的地国家应制定相应的旅游市场营销策略。     

Projected Images of Major Chinese Outbound Destinations

This study aimed to explore the projected images of major outbound destinations based on popular travel magazines in China. Travel articles on Hong Kong, Macau, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam and Taiwan from 2006 to 2008 were content analyzed. Japan was reported on most, and the projected images of the six destinations are dominated by leisure and recreation, and culture, history and art. Correspondence analysis was used to examine relationships between destinations and popular image attributes. The results showed that South Korea and Macau had distinct projected images, whereas Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Vietnam shared many similar image attributes. Practical implications for destination marketing organizations are provided.     

From innovation to sustainability: Sustainability innovations of eco-friendly hotels in Taiwan

Sustainable innovation is a critical attribute in modern hotel management, as is widely recognized by experts and hotel managers alike. This paper develops and tests a new integrated theoretical model of associations among innovation diffusion, environmental marketing strategy, sustainability innovations, and the organizational environment. This research also considers the mediating effect of environmental marketing strategy and the moderating role of the organizational environment. The results of a study that included 367 managers of eco-friendly hotels in Taiwan provide support for this model across various dimensions of hotels’ sustainable innovation. The present study found relationships among innovation diffusion, environmental marketing strategy and sustainability innovations, and a mediating effect of environmental marketing strategy. The results also confirmed that the organizational environment moderates the relationship between innovation diffusion and environmental marketing strategy. That is, a supportive organizational environment will enhance the effect of innovation diffusion on environmental marketing strategy.     

The Japanese Travel Life Cycle

Summary

This paper offers an alternative way of segmenting a non-western travel market, namely, the Japanese outbound market. The segmentation schema comprises several institutionalised forms of travel likely to be undertaken by a Japanese individual in the course of his or her life. Coined the ‘travel life cycle,' the concept fits Japanese society well due to the highly organized and group-oriented patterns of travel that have emerged over the past one hundred years. While this form of segmentation is unlikely to be usefully applied to western travel markets, its application in the Japanese context may suggest that it has relevance when examining the travel patterns of other tradition-bound and group-oriented Asian travel markets such as Korea, China or Indonesia. The paper's conceptual contribution lies in the implicit suggestion that particular cultures may develop and exhibit unique forms of consumption behavior that lie outside the conceptual framework normally adopted by western academics and marketing practitioners. Manageri-ally, the paper suggests ways by which tourism operators and tourism promotion bodies can more efficiently and effectively target Japanese travellers according to the stage of travel life cycle.     

The Image of Taiwan as a Travel Destination: Perspectives from Mainland China

This study presents the perceived and projected image of Taiwan as a travel destination from perspectives from Mainland China. The perceived image of Taiwan was examined by interviewing 28 Mainland Chinese; the projected image of Taiwan was investigated by analyzing articles in China's most popular travel magazines. The different types of images of Taiwan among visitors, nonvisitors, and travel magazines were compared. The projected image changed notably after the opening of Taiwan's tourism to travelers from Mainland China. The results of this study could help destination marketing organizations to assess their marketing strategies for the Mainland Chinese travel market.     

Development Characteristics and Implications of Mainland Chinese Outbound Tourism

This paper provides a thorough examination of the Mainland Chinese demand for outbound travel. It analyses the impacts of the Mainland Chinese outbound tourism market according to factors such as policy, economy and socio-political issues. The origins, destination perceptions and organization of Mainland Chinese outbound tourists are also explained, together with the negative impacts of tourism on Mainland Chinese travellers, travel agencies, national image and economic loss. Finally, the marketing policies for Mainland Chinese outbound tourism in travel agencies, government tourism offices and destinations are examined.     

The Sleeping Dragon Awakes:

China is currently experiencing stunning growth in outbound travel. This paper examines the determinants, trends and characteristics of ChinaÆs outbound travel. It finds that the recent booming economy and the resultant emergence of a middle-upper class make outbound travel financially accessible to larger sections of the population. The recent liberalization of policies and regulations from both China and its destination countries have also smoothed the way. Even so, the issuance of visas has been and still is the major barrier to ChinaÆs outbound travel. Business travel is an especially important market due to increasing international trade and investment activities between China and the rest of the world.