Räumliche Koordination im liberalisierten Strommarkt: angemessene Anreize für die Einspeisung

The transformation of the power supply in Germany in the course of the Energiewende, or energy transformation, comes along with the necessity of a modification and extension of the electrical grid. However, within the current regulatory framework, generators barely receive any incentives to consider potential effects of their investment on the power network when deciding on the siting of facilities. Therefore, the question arises as to what policy instruments might be suitable for creating adequate grid-oriented incentives for power generators while being compatible with the other aims of the German energy policy, in particular the goal of a power supply system that is based on renewable energy sources.     

DO PERCEPTIONS BECOME REALITY? THE MODERATING ROLE OF SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY ON DISRUPTION OCCURRENCE

The concern and study of supply risk and supply continuity has recently come to the forefront in managing business and conducting research. This empirical study of U.S. and German firms investigates the relationship between perceived supply risk sources and supply disruption occurrence, as well as the use of supply chain resiliency practices to reduce disruption frequency. We demonstrate that supply managers' concerns with risk emanating from suppliers and the supply market are positively related to supply disruption occurrence. We further show how and when implementing flexibility and redundancy may reduce the effects of supply disruptions.     

„Grundlegende Neuordnung“ des EEG — aber wie?

The public debate on the German energy transition has recently been widely dominated by concerns about costs, particularly the role of the feed-in tariffs (FIT) of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act and its rising surcharge on electricity prices. The apportionment rate has been misleadingly taken as an indicator for societal transition costs. Hence, the calls for a fundamental reform of the German FIT scheme are growing louder, and manifold but competing concepts have been suggested so far. The paper deals with the question of how such a reform could look like and what might be really gained from developing the current FIT scheme.     

Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die deutsche Energieversorgung

German energy supply faces a fundamental and long-term change. By the middle of the century, greenhouse gas emissions will have been greatly reduced and the global climate will start to change in a visible manner. In order to determine and to quantify the physical impacts of climate change on energy supply, a climate risk indicator for the energy industry based on a series of expert interviews has been developed. Climate change-induced risks will slightly outweigh the opportunities. The restructuring of the energy system has only minor effects, because the risks inherent to non-renewable energies, in particular those related to cooling water, are replaced by new risks, especially deriving from the use of biomass.     

Economic Challenges in the Clean Energy Supply Chain: The Market for Rare Earth Minerals and Other Critical Inputs

The past few years have witnessed an increased impetus toward renewable energy to replace fossil fuels that has been driven both by environmental and national security concerns. Recent political instability in North Africa and the Middle East has added to concerns about the security of petroleum supplies. Nevertheless, renewable energy technologies are also exposed to supply chain risks for key inputs, especially rare earths, for which China is the dominant supplier. Rising price pressures in the rare earth market, due to increased demand, as well as China's tightening of export quotas, have magnified concerns about the availability of rare earths. This has led countries to develop strategies to find other sources, to substitute other materials, and to recycle. Over the longer term, the viability of the market for rare earths is dependent on the growth in demand for products requiring rare earth, the ability to find alternative supply sources to China, and possibly increased government support.     

Energiewende für die Modernisierung des Industriestandorts Deutschland nutzen

The German industrial sector is a central component of its economic success. However, its investment activities are weak in comparison internationally. There are concerns that the high costs of the energy transition — one major part of climate change policy — could decrease industrial competitiveness and Germany’s allure as an industrial production location. To prevent this, German policymakers offer substantial exemptions for energy intensive industries in order to keep costs low. This study shows that only a few industrial branches have both high energy costs and a high export intensity, however. They generally feature a comparatively old capital stock. Overall, industry benefits from the demand for climate protection technologies. This calls for a shift in current policy, which should focus on incentives for innovative low carbon technologies. Exemptions should be granted to a limited number of energy intensive industries only for a limited time.     

20 Jahre EEG: Ist das Förderende für alte Anlagen ein Problem für die Energiewende?

In 2020 Germany’s Renewable Energy Sources Act celebrates its twentieth anniversary. Pioneers of the German energy transition, who have invested early in wind, photovoltaic and biomass plants, may expect this anniversary with sorrow. This is because it will also imply that public support expires for the first renewable energy installations, after 20 years of guaranteed feed in tariffs. It is unclear whether existing installations can be operated profitably without public support. Concerns are growing that the objectives of Germany’s energy transition may be difficult to attain if existing renewable energy plants go offline. Are these concerns justified? And if yes, how should they be addressed by public policy?     

福岛核事故后日本能源战略及对中国的启示

福岛核事故导致日本电力供给不足,石化能源消费量激增,其政府更加重视可再生能源和节能降耗的作用。日本核事故的爆发是由于主观上轻视安全、监管上漠视漏洞、宣传上文过饰非。重塑安全高效的能源版图,日本在缩减核电方面需要更加可行的替代方案,在可再生能源政策上应建立明确产业激励机制,在节能手段上需更加重视社会的可承受程度。中国应吸取日本的经验教训,确保核电安全,谨慎发展核电;确保能源供给,实现能源结构多元化;建立能源危机管理体系,提高能源危机应对能力。     

柳南高速全程监控中的太阳能供电系统设计

针对柳南高速全程监控系统供电困难的问题,本文设计了太阳能供电系统,详细介绍太阳能供电设计方案。     

Learning in the process of industrial work – a comparative study of Finland,Sweden and Germany

By combining a positivistic and an interpretive approach, this research investigates the learning opportunities that contemporary industrial work processes and workplaces offer for employees individually and collectively. The research explores how employees can become trained through their work and how individual development may expand to collective development. Finnish and Swedish package‐supplier companies have served as case‐study organizations, and the findings from them have been benchmarked to the available corresponding German data. The results show that although employees may have opportunities for individual learning in enriched, enlarged and autonomous manufacturing work, the prevailing bureaucratic power relations prevent employees from fully engaging in collective learning. It is concluded that a positivistic research approach and a sociotechnical theoretical framework make visible the training through work taking place at the individual level, while an interpretive research approach and concepts from complexity thinking reveal the obstacles to collective learning.     

构筑太阳能供应链的新思路

本文认为,太阳能在理论上被看好,但在现实应用中却面临困境,解决这一问题的关键是要构筑太阳能供应链的新思路,从供应链下游末端即最终端的用户出发,实行逆向整合。文章提出,光热太阳能供应链的新思路是:把光热太阳能采集系统和建筑结构整合为一体,使之具有建筑结构的功能,而不单独进行施工和安装;光电太阳能供应链的新思路是:将经过太阳能电池所转换成的电力直接与电网连接,把电网作为储蓄、调节电力的动态性“蓄电池,”避免二次污染和技术的高成本。     

Klimaschutz und industrielle Wettbewerbsfähigkeit – Synergien nutzen,Konflikte entschärfen

It is often argued that ambitious domestic climate policies would jeopardize the competitiveness of German and European industry, possibly leading to industrial relocation and carbon leakage. Upon closer scrutiny, however, such concerns are widely unsubstantiated. Instead, economic prosperity and climate protection can be reconciled and even reveal synergies. This requires that relief from energy and climate policy-related burdens is well-targeted and maintains strong incentives for GHG reductions as well as energy efficiency improvements. The upcoming reform of the EU ETS offers an opportunity to make progress towards this end.     

静电除尘器电控柜节能改造

我国2007年以前投运的燃煤电厂、冶金、建材、化工等领域的电除尘电控柜大多为为连续供电的老一代产品,不能做到间歇脉冲供电,无节能功能。店塔电厂及时对电除尘电控柜进行改造,节能效果显著。     

Kapazitätsauslastung im Ausland als Indikator für die deutschen Investitionsgüterexporte

The German export industry has traditionally specialised in the supply of capital goods. For this reason, forecasting the exports of capital goods is not only useful for fi rms operating in this sector but also for forecasting total German exports. An important determinant of the demand for capital goods from a theoretical point of view is capacity utilisation. We present an indicator of capacity utilisation in countries that import German goods and show its usefulness for forecasting German capital goods exports. Thus, this indicator is a valuable complement to the set of indicators available for forecasting German exports.     

Ist der Fahrplan der Energiewende noch einzuhalten?

The German energy transition represents a policy-driven, sustainability-oriented restructuring of both supply- and demand-side components of the entire energy system by 2050. Whereas the development of renewable energies in the electricity sector is right on track, due to the feed-in tariffs of the German Renewable Energy Sources Act, many other crucial requirements for a successful transition are not, amongst others the improvement of energy effi ciency and the decarbonisation of the transport sector. Contrary to the public discussion, the primary future challenges do not consist in limiting electricity prices or abandoning feed-in support schemes, but rather in coordinating the variety of actors as well as appropriately matching the different system elements (grids, technologies, energy sectors, demand and supply side, etc.). Much remains to be done. By highlighting some examples like the need to take into account future implications of climate change for the energy sector, the consequences of the current crisis in the European Union’s emissions trading scheme and the need for a cautious adjustment of the EEG, the paper argues that the major challenges regarding the German energy transition mainly go beyond the current policy-driven and short-term discussion of energy prices. Germany’s pioneering attempt to integrate steadily increasing share of non-dispatchable electricity from renewable sources is challenging the stability of the system. Several characteristics in the current selfregulating system are identifi ed and analysed, which reveal themselves as potential weaknesses or shortcomings in the upcoming system.     

基于供电企业需求侧管理的电力可持续发展研究

电力的可持续发展不仅是能源节约、环境保护所关注的内容,也是加快国民经济发展、保证居民生活水平的重要组成部分。除了大力发展使用清洁能源和清洁技术进行发电之外,供电企业的需求侧管理也对电力的可持续发展起着不可估量的作用。从供电企业自身的角度,在探讨电力需求侧管理现状的基础之上,提出了一系列加强电力需求侧管理,促进电力可持续发展的建议和措施。     

EEG 2017 — Mehr Markt bei der Erneuerbare-Energien-Förderung?

Within four years now, the German Renewable Energy Resources Act (EEG) has been amended in 2016 for the third time. The main point of the current reform is the extension of bidding schemes to determine the remuneration of renewable power generation. The articles analyses whether or not the expected decrease in costs and improvement of deployment control could ever occur, and considers the critique of thwarting the energy transition and jeopardising the diversity of actors involved in the industry.     

变电站智能化改造工程项目管理优化分析

目前,智能化变电站的建设与改造工作已全面展开,变电站智能化变电站改造工程的调试工作量大、网络信息量多,但输变电工程在建设工期上往往很紧,变电站改造工程项目的管理方式和方法没有及时适应这种变化,传统的变电站改造工程管理方法和经验越来越不适应大规模、多项目的智能化变电站改造工程管理,其弊端和问题日益显现出来.以国网湖北孝感供电公司110千伏云城变电站智能化改造工程为例,介绍变电站智能化改造工程管理过程中的质量管理、安全管理和进度管理.     

Spirituality,Moral Identity,and Consumer Ethics: A Multi-cultural Study

Competitor pressure is one of the major reasons that a SME engages in environmentally friendly or damaging activities. Extant research has argued that environmental strengths and concerns have mirror opposite relationships with stakeholder antecedents as well as with performance outcomes. We suggest this argument does not reflect the reality. Building on stakeholder management and Red Queen theories, we hypothesize that environmental strengths and concerns have differential relationships with competitors–firm power exchange and financial performance for Chinese SMEs. Results of ten interviews, a pretest, and a large-scale field study indicate that competitors–firm power divergence has a positive relationship with environmental strengths, yet the link between this divergence and environmental concerns does not exist. Further, environmental strengths mediate the relationship between competitors–firm power divergence and financial performance of Chinese SMEs.     

Infrastrukturgesellschaft Verkehr — Gestaltungs- und Privatisierungsoptionen

The Scientific Advisory Board of the German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure has commented on draft legislation dealing with the structure of an infrastructure company for federal highways. The Scientific Advisory Board explicitly appreciates institutional reforms of the administration of federal highways but points to several critical design options that have not yet been finalised. Criticism concerns particularly the participation of private investors. Material privatisation of subsidiaries of the infrastructure company should be ruled out in any case.