论信用消费者的权益

生活消费的借款人是信用消费，他们的人身、财产安全不受侵犯，他们享有信用服务的知情权、信用方式的选择权、非公平交易的拒绝权、信贷机会均等权、信息隐私权。信用消费保护立法的原则是：不违反基本法原则；金融机构义务人原则等。     

论政府采购信用体系的构建

一、政府采购信用体系的基本含义政府采购信用体系是一种在公开、公正和公平的原则下，规范和约束供应商的信用行为的监督管理机制。其中供应商的信用行为泛指供应商在为政府采购提供服务过程中的全部行为，包括投标、签约、交货、质量、价格、技术、安全、环保、工期、工资支付等方面的承诺与践约。供应商的信用行为综合反映了其在质量、技术、财务、服务和管理等方面的能力。     

切实履行政策性职能，积极服务上海外经贸发展——上海市出口信用保险十年实现大发展

在我国加入世贸组织十周年之际，我国惟一政策性出口信用保险机构——中国出口信用保险公司也迎来十周年华诞。经过十年的磨砺，上海政策性出口信用保险实现了跨越式大发展，在促进本市对外经贸与投资、支持企业“走出去”、保障企业收汇安全等方面发挥了重要作用，出口信用保险的功能不断拓展，专业技术能力和服务能力不断增强，成为上海支持外经贸发展的重要金融工具。     

为客户降低保险成本提供“一个窗口”全面服务——访中国出口信用保险公司总经理唐若昕

党的十七大报告指出：“加快转变经济发展方式”、“统筹城乡发展”、“健全社会信用体系”、“拓展对外开放广度和深度”。中国出口信用保险公司（以下简称“中国信保”）履行政策性职能，认真贯彻党的十七大提出的各项要求，强化信用保险对我国经济发展的保障作用，全面推行“一个窗口”服务模式，努力提高信用保险的覆盖水平，不仅提升了自身的市场化运营水平，而且使信用保险服务更加满足市场的需要，贴近客户的需求。中国信保总经理唐若昕就“一个窗口”服务客户接受了记者专访。     

基于区块链的社会信用服务平台建设研究

2021年是我国社会信用体系建设2.0阶段的开局之年.为实现"以信用为基础的新型资源配置方式"目标,探讨构建新一代安全、高效的社会信用服务平台,成为当前社会信用体系建设的重要研究课题.在分析存在问题的基础上,提出区块链技术与传统信用信息服务系统的融合方案,探讨区块链数据结构、共识机制、链上链下协同机制等核心设计要点,为...     

外汇信用体系建设的问题与对策

随着外汇管理方式由直接管理向间接管理的转变，外汇信用体系建设对于经济金融安全稳定运行的重要作用越来越大，本文对当前外汇信用体系建设的现状和存在问题进行了深入剖析，并就如何完善外汇信用体系建设提出了政策建议。     

我国互联网消费金融的界定、发展现状及建议

互联网消费金融是消费金融与互联网技术相融合产生的新型金融服务方式,其本质属于信用活动,与传统金融服务相比,它更为强调客户体验性和服务可得性。随着我国互联网+战略的推进,互联网消费金融出现了快速发展势头,在经营模式、征信方式和服务对象等方面呈现了新特点。为了促进和规范互联网消费金融市场的发展,应进一步加强市场制度环境、主体、配套制度、服务范围及消费信用文化等方面的建设。     

第三方支付存在的风险问题与法律防范

互联网第三方支付服务的出现,为网络交易提供了安全保障和信用支持。然而,也带来了一些亟须解决的法律问题。本文总结了我国目前第三方支付方式中存在的法律风险与问题,以期第三方支付能够更好地促进我国电子商务发展。     

我国信用服务体系未来:“五大类”构想与展望北大核心

健全的现代信用服务体系应该包括"五大类"服务机构及其产品和服务:外部约束类信用服务、内生助力类信用服务、信用基础设施类服务、信用风险管理类服务和信用监管类服务。建议重点关注与支持内生助力类机构,做大做强外部约束类机构,重视信用基础设施类服务,建立与倡导信用监管类服务,推广与规范信用风险管理类服务,以发展和健全我国的信用服务体系。     

利用信用卡开展综合金融保险服务的创想

国务院于2006年6月26日颁布的《国务院关于保险业改革发展的若干意见》鼓励保险业探索与银行业的更广领域和更深层次的合作，为客户提供多元化和综合性的金融保险服务。从国际信用卡发展经验看，信用卡已成为国际流行的信用支付工具和新型消费方式，可以作为金融集团向客户提供金融保险综合服务的载体，发挥信用卡在支付结算、循环信用、信息查询等方面的特质，为客户提供金融保险综合服务。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Disclosure of government financial information and the cost of local government’s debt financing——Empirical evidence from provincial investment bonds for urban construction

China’s slowing economic growth and rapid urbanization have made local government debt financing a significant issue.This study uses a sample of China’s provinc...     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.