Change in a Transitional Economy： The Private Entrepreneurs and Enterprises in China

This study examines some changes that have taken place among Chinese private entrepreneurs and enterprises. The study compares some results of a recent survey-a sample of five hundred small and medium-sized private enterprises in central China-with some former literature views about Chinese private enterprises in the west. The comparison consists of private entrepreneurs social origins, enterprises development, internal and external factors for a successful enterprises, marketing strategy, and influence of the government, Implications are also discussed.     

Development in China＇s Foreign Trade： 2003-2012

China＇s foreign trade has entered a new stage, marked by some profound changes since 2003. After 5 years ＇consecutive high growth, China＇s foreign trade experienced a significant slowdown in growth following the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008. The purpose of this article is to present a review of the development in China＇s foreign trade over the past l O years, and to explore important changes that have taken place during this period of time. A majorfinding of the presentpaper is that the traditional forces driving the high export growth in China, that is, low-cost labor, low-cost resources and low-cost money, have been disappearing. The policy implication is that over the next l O-15 years, the most important conditions for sustaining high export growth will be promoting the development and export of private enterprises in traditional heaw industries and high-technology industries, and relying on technological progress and high produc6vity to propel export expansion.     

Economic Policies for a Harmonious Society： A Symposium Editorial Introduction

China＇s remarkable economic growth has produced dramatic structtral and socioeconomic change. Economic growth has solved many problems but the accompanying changes in the economy and society have brought new problems to the fore. This has been recognized by China＇s Government in the recent emphasis that it has placed on the need to create a ＂harmonious society.＂ The new leadership will wish to devise new policies for the current challenges and those ahead.     

Taizhou Model： Institutional Innovation and the Development of Private Economy

Based on the case of Taizhou City in Zhejiang Province, the present paper investigates the mechanism of the interaction between the local government and private enterprise in the process of regional economic development. We identify the ＂Taizhou Model＂ as a model of institutional innovation and the development of private economy, which is private sectorinduced and local government-promoted. Indeed, the impact of such mechanisms has had a significant influence on the reforms and development of China＇s economic system.     

China＇s Macroeconomic Development： Stages and Nonlinear Convergence

I. Introduction Since the second half of the 1990s, the Chinese economy has witnessed some unprecedented changes: a sharp increase in urban unemployment, stagnation of labor transfer from agriculture to non-agricultural sectors and serious deflation. All these changes indicate a significant departure from the previous development trajectory: sustained full employment in urban areas, rapid labor transfer from agriculture to non-agricultural sectors and persistent and significant inflation. Beg…     

Determinants of Self-employment in China： Evidence from Cross-regional Data

This paper presents and tests a series of sources of regional variations in self‐employment rate in China in the 2000s, and illustrates that the stage of economic development is a major explanation for the variations of self‐employment rate across regions over the past decade. The negative relationship between the stage of economic development and self‐employment rate identified in the paper indicates that China has entered the process of fast industrialization, and self‐employment is playing a diminishing role in economic growth and employment. We also find a substitution effect between self‐employment and private enterprises. While both are important components of China's private sector, private enterprises are becoming an increasingly important source of China's economic growth and employment. Furthermore, our findings also imply that when job opportunities are limited, self‐employment in China is likely a forced choice of disadvantaged people who are not qualified for wage jobs.     

Conference News 30 Years of Economic Reforms in China： Retrospect and Outlook

The Association for Chinese Economic Studies Australia （ACESA） in conjunction with China and World Economy and some other research institutions will jointly organize the ACESA＇s 20th Annual Conference in Townsville, Australia, 10-11 July 2008.     

State Fragmentation and Rights Contestation： Rural Land Development Rights in China

The functionalist reasoning of institutional changes builds on individual rationality and explains institutional changes from the demand side. While insightful, a comprehensive understanding also needs to take into account the supply side, The state, as the ultimate supplier of institutional changes, plays the pivotal role of agency; therefore, its willingness and ability decide how such regime change occurs and what partieular form the new regime takes. Since the mid-1990s, the Chinese economy has embarked on a path of rapid industrialization and urbanization. The contestation over rural land development rights in China offers an excellent case to illuminate the importance of state agency in institutional changes. Drawing on case studies in China＇s three major urbanizing regions, this article analyzes how villages brought their own land directly to the land market and reaped handsome profits. We argue that the three successful cases, Nanhai in Guangdong, Kunshan in Jiangsu and Zhenggezhuang in Beijing, all represent a product of active agency on the supply side. The Chinese state＇s fragmented authority provides a favorable institutional environment for such changes.     

Energy Restructuring in China： Retrospects and Prospects

Thirty years have passed since China first adopted the policy of reform and opening up to the outside. Reviewing and appraising the advantages and disadvantages of the government＇s energy restructuring policy in the intervening years is of great importance to the consideration of future reform and opening-up efforts in this industry. Energy production and supply have been a major part of the national economic restructuring. In this paper, the author proceeds from three angles to review and assess the reform and opening-up efforts in the energy industry, and suggests some direction and priorities for its restrueturing in the future.     

China＇s Economy in 2005： At a New Turning Point and Need to Fix Its Development Problems

I. High Growth, Higher Stakes China’s economy in 2005 experienced another year of surging growth, with its total GDP(based on recent revision) expanding at 9.9 percent to reach 18.23 tn yuan (US$2.26 tn).1 Growth in 2005 was slightly lower than the 10.1 percent in 2004; but it was nonetheless very high. Sustained high growth is accompanied by potential high risks, and it inevitably raises the issue of future sustainability of high growth. Although the Chinese economic policy-makers in 200…     

民营科技企业发展面临的问题及对策

民营科技企业是我国社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分和推动科技进步的重要力量,其健康发展依靠的是其外部环境的逐步改变和内在因素的日益完善。本文分析了新时期我国民营科技企业发展中存在的问题,并提出了相关对策。     

民营企业救济性捐赠与融资约束

以2016-2021 年中国沪深A 股上市公司为样本,从民营企业经营现金流水平的角度,研究民营企业救济性捐赠对融资约束的影响。研究结论表明：民营企业救济性捐赠会显著提高经营现金流水平,缓解资金压力。进一步分析表明,股权集中度高的民营企业以及在自然灾害严重的年份进行救济性捐赠的企业可以显著提高救济性捐赠对经营现金流水平的提升作用。扩展了企业捐赠的研究视角,为民营企业进行救济性捐赠提供一定参考与建议。     

河北省大中型民营企业发展现状分析

民营经济已经成为社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分和促进社会生产力发展的重要力量。如何提高大中型民营企业的核心竞争力,是提升民营经济整体发展水平的关键。文章在对河北省民营经济基本情况和运行特点分析的基础上,对河北省大中型民营企业经营情况进行分析,并指出河北省大中型民营企业目前的优势和存在的主要问题。     

民营科技企业持续创新机制研究

民营科技企业正逐步成为最有活力和市场竞争力的创新主体,企业只有通过持续创新才能不断拓展发展空间,否则很快会被竞争对手模仿和超越。在剖析持续创新影响因素基础上,指出建立持续创新的动力机制是民营科技企业获取持久竞争力的前提和保障,并分别从外在动力与内在动力两个方面论述相关因素共同作用于创新主体而产生持续创新行为的机制。     

我国民营企业创新的内部动力机制研究

改革开放以来,我国民营企业发展迅速,数量和规模不断增长,在国民经济中的比重不断增大,已成为推动我国国民经济增长的主要力量.然而许多民营企业由于创新能力低下、发展动力不足,造成"短命"现象.文章将分析民营企业创新的内部动力机制,并在此基础上提出相关的对策和建议.     

后危机时代泉州民营企业转型升级的新战略思考

随着全球经济进入了国际金融危机深度发酵的后危机时代,泉州民营企业迎来了转型升级的关键时期。本文首先简要分析了金融危机以来泉州经济运行情况;其次,分析了泉州市民营企业在后危机时代进行转型升级所面临的机遇与挑战;最后,提出后危机时代泉州民营企业转型升级的路径选择。     

浙、皖两省吸引人才创业的若干政策比较

文章分析了浙、皖两省民营科技企业发展现状,构造了政府吸引人才的模型,从宣传创业理念、建设创业硬件基础设施和提供创业软件服务环境三方面进行了比较,发现两省在建设创业硬件基础设施方面差距不大,但在创业理念和软件服务环境方面存在较大的差距。为此,我们在政策制定广度     

土地政策：我国政府进行宏观调控的重要工具

市场化改革不是不需要、不允许政府介入市场运作,相反,要实现市场的深层次、宽领域、高标准的发展必须要有政府的参与。我国政府一段时间曾以财政政策和货币政策作为宏观调控的重要手段,但效果并不理想。文章认为,适应社会经济发展客观形势和现实需要,土地政策在调控中的作用越来越受到重视,结合中国国情、联系市场经济发展状况,拓展、拓宽宏观调控工具,研究土地政策参与宏观调控显得非常重要且必要。     

浙江优秀民营企业走可持续发展之路的理论与实践

企业是利益相关人之间契约的集合。民营企业利益相关人包括投资人、债权人、经营者、员工、政府等。在民营企业发展的第二个阶段，为了实现可持续发展，必须注重相关人利益。对浙江优秀民营企业的调查表明，注重相关人利益已经成为它们在新时期实现第二次飞跃的重要基础。     

民营企业董事长特征、企业文化与 企业慈善捐赠研究

以我国沪市A 股非金融类民营上市公司为样本，选取样本公司2015-2017 年的数据，从 企业文化的角度考察企业慈善捐赠的非功利性动机，在此基础上进一步分析具有什么样的任职特 征的董事长更容易建立企业慈善文化，以及他们是否通过企业文化，把基于非功利性动机的社会 责任思想体现到企业的慈善捐赠行为上。研究结果表明：企业慈善文化显著正向影响企业慈善捐 赠行为；董事长是企业创始人，或者董事长在企业中任职时间越长，他们的非功利性慈善捐赠动 机就越有可能通过企业文化影响到企业慈善捐赠行为。企业文化在企业董事长与企业慈善捐赠行 为之间发挥了部分中介作用。