"权力寻租"的经济学思考与规避

自古以来"权力寻租"一直影响着人们的社会生活,本文以经济学的视角探讨了权力寻租的背景,具体阐述了权力寻租的边际外部正效应和边际外部负效应,最后并从体制的设计上提出了"权力寻租"的规避建议与评价.     

政府采购中的寻租行为

一、寻租行为的经济学分析寻租行为,在经济学上, 是指人类社会中非生产性的追求经济利益的活动,或者说是指那种维护既得的经济利益或是对既得利益进行再分配的非生产性活动。具体而言,这种现代社会中最多见的非生产性追求利益的行为,就是通过信息不对称,利用行政法律的手段阻碍生产要素在不同产业之间自由流动、自由竞争的办法来维护或攫取既得利益。在经济学上,寻利的生产性行为和寻租的非生产性行为不在于道德层面的差异,而在于产生这些活动差异的社会经济体制条件。与其他经济理论一样,寻租理论的出发点是个人对于自身经济利益的追求。无…     

权力腐败的经济学分析

提起腐败,人们常常把它与政府、官员、权力、组织相互联系在一起,因而,对腐败的研究多从政治、法律、伦理、道德的角度研究,但运用现代经济学的理论和方法来分析权力腐败行为对我国经济的可持续发展具有更重要的现实意义。一、腐败定义的经济学界定腐败通常是指政府官员为了谋取个人私利而不遵守其所应奉行的准则,滥用公共权力,给国家、组织、其他公民造成损害的行为。腐败行为的实质是"权力市场化"或"政府产品商品化"。由于政府官员掌握着如颁发护照、进出口许可证、营业证、资格认证、审批建设项目和贷款等各种权力,他     

股权分置与大股东权力寻租的治理

我国股市的股权分置制度和公司治理制度的不完善,导致了上市公司的非流通股股东利用本身绝对控股的权力,进行权力寻租,侵蚀上市公司利益,损害其他股东权益,导致我国资本市场的低效率.本文提出了建立起针对投融资人的资信评价体系;以新带老,缩小流通股与非流通股价差;加强公司内部治理制度和证券市场监管等措施,规范非流通股股东行为,防止大股东权力寻租的一些方法.     

政府经济学中的寻租理论研究

寻租理论是政府经济学中的重要理论,寻租主要是指由政府管制引起的垄断。管制市场经济离不开政府干预,而政府的干预产生了寻租行为。权力寻租行为给正常的市场竞争带来不利影响,损害了公共福利,因此,寻租理论成为政府经济学中研究的热点问题。     

反倾销寻租经济学分析

本文通过对寻租经济学的理论介绍,指出了当前的反倾销行为乃是寻租的典型范例。继而对反倾销中的寻租行为进行了分析,通过案例的举证,对反倾销这一寻租行为对进口国所造成的福利损失和社会成本进行了归纳。     

存贷款中的寻租行为分析

一、寻租概念的界定寻租是指那种利用资源并通过政治过程获得特权从而构成对他人利益的损害大于租金获得者利益的行为,因而也常被称为“直接的非生产性寻利活动”(ＤＵＰ),从这个概念不难看出,寻租是通过自己握有的资源或是特权来实现的;另一方面,他在获得租金的同时构成了对他人利益的损害,而且这个损害要大于自己所获得的租金。　　二、国有商业银行存在寻租行为中国目前商业银行的国有性质决定了其在存贷款中必然会存在寻租现象,这是一个不争的事实,笔者认为,其中原因可以归纳为如下几个方面:首先,也是最根本的原因,我们虽然把四家专业银…     

政府采购中寻租行为的经济学思考

政府采购中的寻租包括设租与寻租，实际上是一个过程的两个方面。因此，政府采购中的寻租过程实际上是一种“权——钱”交易过程，设租是从“权”到“钱”，寻租则是从“钱”到“权”。     

金融寻租行为分析与治理

党的十八大以来,中央对金融工作高度重视,多次强调坚决守住不发生系统性金融风险底线,全力打赢防范化解金融风险攻坚战,推进金融反腐、遏制金融寻租也是紧要的“题中之义”。本文总结梳理了近年来金融机构寻租案件的基本情况,剖析了金融寻租行为的背景及成因,提出了防范金融寻租的对策建议。     

金融市场与经济发展--论发展中国家企业集团的形成机制

企业集团是发展中国家的常见现象.许多学者运用新制度学派的企业理论来解释发展中国家企业集团的形成,将其归为市场不完善的结果.这种一般化的解释忽略了发展中国家企业集团形成的特殊性.发展中国家企业集团是在家族企业的基础上发展起来的.金融市场分割和资本绝对短缺为家族企业向企业集团转化奠定了社会经济基础,工业化发展战略和政府--银行--企业连结关系则直接导致了企业集团的形成.     

The Effect of Business and Financial Market Cycles on Credit Ratings: Evidence from the Last Two Decades

We analyze the effect of business and financial market cycles on credit ratings using a sample of firms from the Russell 3000 index that are rated by Standard and Poor's over the period 1986–2012. We also examine investor reaction to credit rating actions in different stages of business and financial market cycles. We document that credit rating agencies are influenced by business and financial market cycles; they assign lower credit ratings during downturns of business and financial market cycles and higher ratings during upturns. Our study is the first to find strong evidence of pro‐cyclicality in credit ratings using a long window. We also document stronger investor reaction to negative credit rating actions during downturns. Our results confirm theoretical predictions and inform regulators.     

制度变迁、金融结构与经济增长 --基于中国的实证研究

本文采用理论分析与实证分析相结合的研究方法,从理论上分析了制度变迁、金融结构调整与经济增长三者之间的相互作用机理;从实证上通过在金融结构与经济增长模型中引入能够综合反映制度变迁的制度变量,验证了国家制度变迁对一国金融结构与经济增长会起到促进或制约的作用。当制度供给与金融结构和经济增长对制度的需求达到均衡时,国家制度安排会优化金融结构、促进经济增长,否则便会出现规模与效率的“反比”现象,从而回答了转型国家规模与效率的悖论问题,进而给出了我国金融结构升级的选择路径及相关政策建议。     

增值税转型的社会经济效应分析

目前正在东北地区进行的扩大增值税抵扣范围试点,与世界通行的“消费型”增值税制度仍然有一定差距,但其朝着规范的“消费型”增值税制度的改革取向是不可逆转的,如同中国各项改革事业一样,增值税转型也必将是一个渐进的过程。本文对增值税转型所产生社会经济影响的分析,既考虑     

金融冲击与经济波动的相关性:三个视角的分析

金融系统对经济周期波动性的影响是现代经济周期理论研究的重要领域。随着金融市场的发展和完善,经济的周期波动性是否减缓等问题还没有统一的定论。本文就我国金融发展与经济增长的周期波动性问题展开分析,分别从中国金融中介发展、利率走势和股票市场三个角度对金融发展与经济周期的相关性进行了检验,结果显示我国金融中介市场发展对经济增长波动性的影响不是平滑了经济增长的波动性,而是扩大了经济增长的波动性;利率变化与经济增长波动存在相互因果关系,说明我国的经济波动对利率是敏感的;股市对经济增长波动的影响还相当有限。     

Information and Incentives Inside the Firm: Evidence from Loan Officer Rotation

We present evidence that reassigning tasks among agents can alleviate moral hazard in communication. A rotation policy that routinely reassigns loan officers to borrowers of a commercial bank affects the officers' reporting behavior. When an officer anticipates rotation, reports are more accurate and contain more bad news about the borrower's repayment prospects. As a result, the rotation policy makes bank lending decisions more sensitive to officer reports. The threat of rotation improves communication because self‐reporting bad news has a smaller negative effect on an officer's career prospects than bad news exposed by a successor.     

Fiscal Policy,Business Cycles and Economic Stabilisation: Evidence from Industrialised and Developing Countries*

This paper empirically investigates the responsiveness of fiscal policy to business cycles and the effectiveness of fiscal policy in reducing economic fluctuations. From regressions on the responsiveness of fiscal policy to business cycles, we find that the government's current expenditures and subsidies & transfers move counter‐cyclically, whereas taxes and capital expenditures move pro‐cyclically. Using economic fluctuations in neighbouring countries as an instrumental variable, we show that ordinary least squares (OLS) estimates understate the responsiveness of fiscal policy to economic fluctuations. We also find that fiscal policy responds asymmetrically over economic fluctuations. In investigating the effectiveness of fiscal policy in reducing economic fluctuations, we mitigate omitted variable bias by adding four important factors ‐ military expenditures, oil production, economic fluctuations in neighbouring countries and fiscal policy responsiveness to business cycles. The results of effectiveness regressions are consistent with the responsiveness regressions, highlighting the importance of current expenditures, especially subsidies and transfers, in responding to business cycles and stabilising the economy.     

企业合并会计的经济后果分析——兼论我国会计准则体系中计量属性的整合

本文在回顾相关文献的基础上 ,指出购买法和权益法的选择不仅具有明显的会计后果 ,而且在企业特定因素和我国特殊融资和监管环境的作用下可能转化为严重的经济后果。本文最后勾勒出我国企业合并会计的逻辑框架并对我国会计准则体系中计量属性的整合提出初步见解     

Financial constraints and continental business groups: Evidence from German Konzerns

Using a unique large panel of German firms, we examine whether participation in business groups (Konzerns) reduces the sensitivity of investment to cash flow. The main finding is that the investment sensitivity is significantly reduced for small firms. On the other hand, we do not find clear evidence that medium-sized and large firms participating in Konzerns have different sensitivity compared to that of their stand-alone counterparts. We conclude that the German business model, which embodies key elements of the continental business model, seems to alleviate capital market imperfections for medium-sized and large firms and fails to do so for small firms.     

Corporate Fraud and Business Conditions: Evidence from IPOs

We examine how a firm's incentive to commit fraud when going public varies with investor beliefs about industry business conditions. Fraud propensity increases with the level of investor beliefs about industry prospects but decreases when beliefs are extremely high. We find that two mechanisms are at work: monitoring by investors and short‐term executive compensation, both of which vary with investor beliefs about industry prospects. We also find that monitoring incentives of investors and underwriters differ. Our results are consistent with models of investor beliefs and corporate fraud, and suggest that regulators and auditors should be vigilant for fraud during booms.