四季度国内船板供应将维持高位

受美国金融动荡的影响,包括船板在内的中厚板出口有可能受阻：再加上一批新建中厚板项目将陆续投产——     

十月份国内中厚板市场高位平稳运行

金色九月，国内中厚板市场表现不凡，需求旺盛，交易活跃，价格攀升，是今年以来整个中厚板市场的最佳时期。一些经营者及业内人士预测，10月份的中厚板市场还将维持目前平稳向好的运行格局，价格仍处于高位状态。[编者按]     

知识管理与小企业人力资源效益关系的实证分析

为了主动消除全球性金融危机的不利影响.许多中小企业都不同程度的导入了知识管理的理念和实施了知识管理的方法＿这类理念和方法对提升中小企业人力资源效益的效果是有差别的笔者试图通过对知识管理与山东中小企业人力资源效益提升的关系进行实证研究,帮助中小企业准确识别和有效利用知识管理的理念和方法,促进企业人力资源效益的不断提升.     

China ousts US as top Japanese market

Iraq＇s oil minister has revived a big oil deal first negotiated between China and the government of Saddam Husscin, but has indicated that the terms of the contract will be far less generous.     

Measuring market power as competition over time

This paper suggests that the empirical measurement of market structure, particularly the reliance on concentration indexes as an indicator of noncompetitive market power, does not adequately reflect recent advances in theory. This paper integrates the literature of the interaction between market structure and firm behavior with dynamic measures of structure. Our estimation for the savings and loan industry suggests that continued application of traditional static measures in market structure-performance studies are apt to be misleading. We call for more investigation into measures of dynamic structure.     

中小企业如何应对国际市场竞争?

<正> 改革开放以来,我国的中小企业得到迅猛发展,一跃成为推动中国经济发展、促进市场繁荣的生力军。据统计,到目前为止我国的中小企业数已经超过1 000万家,占全国企业总数的99%,为城镇提供了75%的就业岗位,安置了2～3亿的农村剩余劳动力,实现的销售额和工商税收分别占全部工业企业的60%和45%。     

The multinational enterprise as an internal market system

This paper builds on Birkinshaw's model of multinational enterprise (MNE) as an internal market system [Birkinshaw, J. (2000). Entrepreneurship in the global firm. London: Sage]. This model addresses the issues related to the emergence of market-based mechanisms of coordination within the MNEs and the strategic decisions that affect internal competition. Birkinshaw argues that subsidiaries simultaneously participate in three different internal markets within an MNE: a market for intermediate goods and services, one for charters and another for competencies and practices. The goal of the paper is to expand Birkinshaw's concept of internal market and analyze the logic behind internal competition by considering more fully existing literature and developing an organizing framework to position such a model within that literature. There is specific focus on discussing how the internal market model relates to modern network-based configurations of the MNE. In addition, the study shows that factors affecting the extent to which each of the three internal markets is established can be better understood if we link such a model to the contributions developed by three mainstreams of research: internalization theory, resource-based view and organizational learning literature.     

Consumer dissatisfaction as a measure of market performance

This paper summarizes two earlier papers on (a) a taxonomy of consumer satisfaction/dissatisfaction measures and (b) results of a U.S. study of consumer problems across a broad range of product and service categories. The paper then assesses the extent to which unsolicited complaints data voiced to business are representative of all types of complaints an all consumers. The paper concludes that they are representative of neither but in the case of consumers, in contrast to previous studies no consistent relationships between socio-economic characteristics and complaint behavior appear when product category and problem type are included in the analysis.

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Zusammenfassung Der vorliegende Beitrag orientiert zunächst über zwei frühere Arbeiten über (a) eine Taxonomie der Indikatoren für Verbraucherzufriedenheit/-unzufriedenheit und (b) die Ergebnisse einer amerikanischen Studie von Verbraucherproblemen bei einer großen Zahl von Produkten und Dienstleistungen. Anschließend untersucht der Beitrag, in welchem Ausmaß solche spontanen Verbraucherklagen, die der anbietenden Wirtschaft bekannt werden, die gesamte Spannbreite aller Verbraucherklagen widerspiegeln und repräsentativ sind für alle Konsumenten. Der Beitrag kommt zu dem Ergebnis, daß beides nicht der Fall ist. Im Fall der Verbraucher zeigten sich jedoch — anders als in bisherigen Studien — keine durchgängigen Zusammenhänge zwischen sozioökonomischen Merkmalen und dem Beschwerdeverhalten, wenn die Produktgruppe und die Art des Problems bei der Analyse berücksichtigt wurden.

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Alan R. Andreasen is Professor of Business Administration at the University of Illinois, College of Commerce and Business Administration, 350 Commerce Building, Urbana, Ill. 61801, USA. The paper was first presented at Fourth International Research Seminar in Marketing, Senanque Abbey, Gordes, France, May 31 – June 3, 1977. The author would like to acknowledge the contributions of Professor Arthur Best of Western New England College who was the initiator and field director of this study and co-author of earlier papers on the study's results.     

Use of time as a determinant of family market behavior

An attempt is made to represent the concept of life style in terms of the use of time. The variables obtained are used to test their effectiveness, in conjunction with socioeconomic and attitudinal variables, for explaining certain types of consumer financial behavior, using data from two panels of young married couples, one of 130 couples in Decatur-Peoria, Illinois, and the other of 185 couples in Chicago. The results indicate that use-of-time variables are significant in helping to explain purchase of durables, ownership of credit cards, and amount of insurance.     

近半年政策调整对钢材市场的中长期影响

半年以来,国家对钢铁行业可谓重拳不断.4月1日起,对钢锭、钢坯等钢铁初级产品取消出口退税,5月1日起,20项钢材出口退税率由13%下调到11%,7月1日起,取消了现行的"加工出口专用钢材"增值税减免政策,而7月20日出台的《钢铁产业发展政策》,更是指明了我国钢铁产业以后若干年的发展方向.此外,人民币汇率方面,自2005年7月21日起,我国开始实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度,人民币升值对钢铁行业的影响也可以说是喜忧参半.本文首先回顾一下这些政策的内容,然后阐述其对钢铁行业,尤其是对船用钢材供给需求的影响,最后提出几点大型造船集团应该采取的应对措施.     

Predicting market orientation through internal market orientation as culture and behaviour: an empirical application in Spanish hotels

The aim of this study is to analyse how the internal market orientation, considered from a dual perspective, cultural and behavioural, affects the development of external market-oriented behaviours by improving the attitudinal results (affective commitment and job satisfaction) of the internal customers. An empirical study was carried out, based on the perceptions of 68 managers and 296 supervisors at four- and five-star hotels in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). The findings show that (1) the internal market orientation (IMO) has a positive influence on the effective development of market orientation behaviours in managers and supervisors; (2) the IMO has a positive influence on the affective commitment and job satisfaction of hotel managers, but not supervisors; and (3) greater affective commitment and job satisfaction have no significant effect on market orientation behaviours in hotel managers or in supervisors. Based on the study results, the paper concludes with a discussion and implications for practitioners.     

Ethiopia beer market hots up as Chinese group enters the fray

Competition in Ethiopia＇s beer market is set to intensify after the newly established Habesha Breweries embarked on the construction of a$30-million plant.     

Home market development and self-finance as basic elements of development policy

At the close of the Second Development Decade, 1971–1980, the Third World was able to record significant achievements in industrialization and external trade. But the army of jobless has swollen further; the urban slums have grown larger; and famine has claimed more, not fewer victims. The current development trends make it imperative to keep the masses on the land and to prevent a grave situation growing even worse. Jobs have to be created in the countryside; those who till the land must ensure supplies for themselves and the population at large. This article shows how these objectives can be approached.     

Venture capital as an innovation ecosystem engineer in an emerging market

How can venture capital (VC) firms transform a weak innovation ecosystem into a productive and robust one? While the literature has found VC firms’ catalyst role in innovation in developed markets, we know little about whether and how they affect innovation in an emerging market, where formal institutions (e.g., regulations and markets) and informal institutions (e.g., professional networks) to enable VC firms’ catalyst role are relatively lacking. First, we argue that VC firms play a different and more proactive role in these markets as an “ecosystem engineer” through governing the resource flow and selecting deviation, which drive regional innovation performance. Second, such effects are further positively moderated by the presence of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in a region. Lastly, over time, while the direct effects of VC firms persist and increase, the moderating effects of MNE presence decline. Empirically, we examined a Chinese provincial-level panel data of VC activities (1999–2009) and patent applications (2000–2010) and found supportive evidence. Implications are discussed.     

Change in international market strategy as a reaction to performance decline

While a great deal of research has explored how international marketing strategy influences performance, researchers have paid scant attention to understanding changes to international marketing strategy resulting from firm reaction to past performance. In this study, organizational learning theory addresses when and how international marketing strategy will change. Employing data from over 500 exporters, the results, which are consistent with theoretical predictions, indicate that (1) firms are generally not prone to inertia and do, in fact, change their international marketing strategy when facing declines in performance, and (2) that the direction of change depends on the level of competition in the specific foreign market, with firms adapting their international marketing strategy in low competitive markets and standardizing their international marketing strategy in highly competitive markets. The paper includes implications for academics and practitioners.