Software for nonprofit fundraising and marketing

This paper discusses whether or not nonprofit donation processing software can be developed for nonprofit marketing. It shows, from previous research, that money-raising rather than money-processing is a crucial justification for a fundraising computer system. However, it is in money-processing rather than money-raising that most fundraising systems have their origins. It identifies key differences in software purpose; transaction processing is reactive, money-focused, and task-oriented, whereas nonprofit marketing is proactive, donor-focused and process-oriented. The paper looks at IT evolution over the last 50 years and recognises three phases: automate, informate and transformate. The paper suggests that fundraising systems are somewhere between automate and informate. Transformational IT has yet to come for the nonprofit world. The paper shows where the strains occur when a transaction processing system is pressed into use for marketing, and the most common causes of problems are identified. Finally it sets an agenda for nonprofit marketing systems which focus on holistic donor management, and suggests a number of data and functional needs that set marketing systems apart from transaction processing systems.     

Information processing and leadership styles: Constructive thinking and transformational leadership

Transformational leaders increase job satisfaction and well‐being among workers. According to the cognitive‐experiential self‐theory (CEST), all behavior is guided by two information‐processing systems: a rational and an experiential system. Study 1 examined the relationship between information processing and transformational leadership among experienced school leaders (N = 183). The rational system had a strong positive correlation with transformational leadership, whereas the experiential system was weakly correlated. Study 2 (N = 126) examined constructive thinking and transformational leadership. Global constructive thinking, emotional coping, and behavioral coping all had strong positive correlations with transformational leadership. These results suggest that improving leaders' awareness of their own information‐processing and thinking systems might encourage more productive transformational‐leadership techniques.     

Complex event processing in enterprise information systems based on RFID

Enterprises have to be increasingly agile and responsive to address the challenges posed by the fast moving market. With the software architecture evolving into service-oriented architecture (SOA), and the adoption of radio frequency identification (RFID), event processing can fit well in enterprise information systems in terms of facilitation of event aggregation into high level actionable information, and event response to improve the responsiveness. To make it more applicable, the architecture of event processing in enterprise information systems is proposed; event meta model and context serve as the solid basis for event processing; the rules, operators and keys of complex event processing are defined. Especially, workflow model is firstly used to extract complex event pattern. We have implemented the event processing mechanism in enterprise information systems based on RFID, including the architecture, data structures, optimization strategies and algorithm. The performance evaluations show that the method is effective in terms of scalability and the capability of event processing. Complex event processing can improve operational performance and discover more actionable information, which is justified by application. Finally, lessons learned from the application are presented.     

核辅助系统工艺管道清洁度控制

在核电工程建设中,质量控制与核安全息息相关。核辅助系统是除主系统(反应堆冷却剂系统)外的其他工艺管道系统的统称,是核岛安装工程的主体。核辅助系统与主系统紧密相连,系统中的杂质在核电运行时可随介质在相连通的系统中移动,当经过反应堆堆芯时,会受到高强度的放射性照射而活化成为放射性杂质,从而大大增强各核岛系统的放射性,因而对这些系统的工艺管道进行有效的内部清洁度控制显得非常重要。文章对核辅助系统管道施工的清洁度控制做了简单的分析和探讨。     

逆向工程及应用

现代先进制造技术的发展,将实物的样件或模型转化为CAD数据模型,在利用快速成型系统、计算机辅助设计系统等对其进行数据处理,并不断的进行修改和优化设计这就是逆向工程技术。逆向工程实现了从实际物体到几何建模的直接转换。逆向工程技术涉及计算机图形学、计算机图像处理、微分几何、概率统计等学科。     

我国加工贸易脱贫之路

文章认为,加工贸易的快速增长促进了我国对外贸易迅速发展,国际经济地位迅速提高,但目前我国加工贸易仍处于国际产业价值链的低端,价值增值率和经济效益均处低下水平,处于"贫困化增长"状态,为此,应重新确定我国在国际分工中的地位,改变我国加工企业与外国品牌制造商的关系,延长国际产业链在中国的环节,调整加工贸易内部结构,促进加工贸易协调发展,抓住经济一体化的机遇,鼓励加工企业走出去,开展对外合作,并调整有关加工贸易的政策和监管制度,净化对外贸易环境,寻求我国加工贸易健康持续的发展道路。     

会计盈余及时性特征与公司治理机制内生实证研究

本文通过考查深圳和上海证券交易所中的657家上市公司的治理机制代理变量,与会计盈余及时性指标之间截面数据相关关系,探讨治理机制是否随会计盈余及时性而变化。结果发现:董事对高成本信息收集和整理的需求与会计系统信息的有用性是倒数关系,外部股东对高成本信息收集和整理的需求与会计系统信息的有用性成正比;会计系统信息有用性的重要决定因素是解释股权价值现时变化的程度;以高成本的监督活动为特点的特殊治理结构是股东和董事对高成本信息收集和整理需求的反映。研究结果为进一步对会计的其他经济影响和后果研究提供启示。     

会计盈余及时性对公司治理机制影响的实证研究

本文通过考查1997年到2004年间上市公司治理机制代理变量与会计盈余及时性指标之间截面数据相关关系,探讨治理机制是否随会计盈余及时性而变化。结果基本支持了本文的假设:董事对高成本信息收集和整理的需求与会计系统信息的有用性是倒数关系,外部股东对高成本信息收集和整理的需求与会计系统信息的有用性是正相关关系;会计系统信息有用性的重要决定因素是解释股权价值现时变化的程度;以高成本的监督活动为特点的特殊治理结构是股东和董事对高成本信息收集和整理需求的反应。     

浅议收费系统中常见故障及处理方法

高速公路收费系统根据不同分类方法分为多种不同系统。作者根据工作经验,总结了收费系统中常见的故障及处理方法。     

Agentenbasierte Simulation zur Analyse und Lösung betriebswirtschaftlicher Entscheidungsprobleme

Complex systems frequently reveal decision problems which cannot be addressed by classical analytical or optimization methods. Markets consisting of players that interact with heterogeneous goals or enterprises with multi-faceted intertwined processes are typical examples of such systems within the global economy. During recent years, the agent-based simulation (ABS) has spread as a technology that helps to simulate such systems and better understand their inner causes and effects. In this work, we present the potential of ABS with respect to business applications and review a broad set of case studies from academia as well as from corporate practice. To conclude, we analyze the application process for the utilization of an ABS, spanning from the conception and modeling to implementation and the processing of the simulation.     

Increasing transformational leadership by developing leaders' information‐processing systems

According to the cognitive‐experiential self theory (CEST), all behavior is guided by two information‐processing systems: the rational system and the experiential. Previous research with school leaders has shown that the rational system and constructive elements of the experiential system have a strong positive relationship with transformational leadership, as outlined in the Full‐Range Leadership Theory. This article reports a pretest, posttest study using an intervention and control group to test whether changes to CEST information‐processing systems could bring about changes in transformational leadership. The results of a 10‐week, individually delivered coaching intervention program with a small group of school principals showed that there was a significant increase in transformational leadership scores between the pretest and posttest for the intervention group, as rated by school staff. The control group remained unchanged. Qualitative results from interviews indicated that school principals in the intervention group became more aware and reflective about their leadership practice. This study yields initial evidence that increasing rational and constructive thinking can develop the use of transformational leadership techniques.     

Modeling urban change

In this paper the simulation of crisis phenomena in complex social systems is explored. Analogies from complex physical systems containing a “large” number of objects are used to guide the modeling effort. A list processing program is developed that simulates the changing racial balance in urban areas.     

Work systems,corporate strategy and global markets: creative shop floors or ‘a barge mentality’?

In the US, corporate restructuring of financial and physical assets as well as work systems has been widespread. Our study examines the inter-relationship between ‘creative’ work systems and ‘destructive’ markets, using a sample of US manufacturing firms in the metalworking, jet engine production and steel processing industries.     

Organizational restructuring in response to changes in information-processing technology

This paper examines the effects of changes in information-processing technology on the efficient organizational forms of data-processing in decision-making systems. Data-processing is modelled in the framework of the dynamic parallel processing model of associative computation with an endogenous set-up costs of the processors. In such a model, the conditions for efficient organization of information-processing are defined and the architecture of the efficient structures is considered. It is shown that decreasing returns to scale of the function describing data- processing technology and the information overload of the system are necessary and sufficient conditions for the hierarchical information- processing, respectively. Moreover, the size of the efficient structures is determined exclusively by their information workload and the current state of information-processing technology. Received: 5 June 1996 / Accepted: 17 June 1999     

GNSS精密数据处理关键技术和方法研究

全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)是所有在轨工作卫星导航定位系统的总称,包括GPS、GLONASS、Galileo、北斗在内的全球星座、区域星座及相关的星基增强系统。本文介绍了GNSS精密数据处理的关键技术及相关方法,阐述了一些基本的数据处理模型,并对GNSS数据精密处理模型进行了阐述,最后对GNSS未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

基于Python语言的空间数据处理

随着GIS技术的快熟发展,海量空间数据高效、快速处理越来越受到重视。通过程序扩展设计来进行数据自动化处理是非常有用的。尤其是批量数据处理时是非常有用的。Arc GIS中的Model Builder模块为空间数据处理自动化提供了平台,从Arc GIS 9.X之后ESRI开始将Python语言引入供用户可以编程实现空间数据快速处理,文章介绍了如何使用Python语言调用Arc GIS站点包进行空间数据处理。     

Designing production planning and control systems

This paper presents a contingency model designed to explain aggregate differences in the specifications for production planning and control systems across firms. The specifications for a firm's system, stated broadly in terms of the investment in information processing systems and organizational integrativeness, are related to that firm's competitive strategy and environment. An analysis of data from a limited sample of companies, and a panel of managers, provides insights into the applicability of the concepts used in the model, and its potential usefulness.     

基于FPGA的FIR数字滤波器

在现代电子系统中,FIR滤波器因其良好的特性,在数字信号处理领域有着广泛的使用。本文使用Verilog HDL描述了并实现了一种低通特性的FIR滤波器,结合MATLAB工具软件的辅助设计,基于Modelsim平台进行了仿真验证,仿真结果很好的满足了设计要求的幅频特性。     

Supply chain integration and operational performance: The contingency effects of production systems

The boundary conditions of supply chain integration (SCI) have been widely studied in order to find out when SCI is applicable and effective. However, prior studies have mainly focused on external contextual factors, such as supply complexity, environmental uncertainty and country-level infrastructure. This study contributes to the SCI literature by examining the contingency effects of internal production systems on the relationship between supplier integration, customer integration and operational performance. Based on organizational information processing theory, we provide evidence to show that the impact of supplier and customer integration on operational performance varies across production systems, such as one-of-a-kind production, batch production and mass production systems. The empirical results also reveal how supplier and customer integration can be matched with different configurations of production systems in order to achieve the desired quality, flexibility, delivery or cost performance.     

信息系统下计算机审计问题探析

随着科技的发展和社会的变革,计算机在信息处理中迅速普及并广泛应用,给人们带来了极大的方便和效益。各企事业单位在业务以及财务处理中也开始广泛地使用计算机,计算机提高了企业的业务水平,提高了会计信息系统的质量,同时,也使得原来从手工账目建立起来的审计程序不再完全适合新形势下的要求,也大大增加了利用现代信息技术进行作弊的可能性。文章主要结合现代信息系统以及存在的问题,探讨计算机审计的所特有的方法和步骤。