中非农产品贸易结构变化趋势、比较优势及互补性分析

中国政府非常重视中非农业合作和农产品贸易,近年来采取了一系列措施促进中非农产品贸易。本文在描述中非农产品贸易的变化趋势和特征的基础上,采用显示性比较优势指数(RCA)和贸易补偿指数(TCI)分析了中非农产品比较优势和贸易互补性的变化。研究发现:中非农产品贸易朝着体现双边比较优势的方向发展,然而,中非农产品贸易发展还面临着较大的挑战,主要表现为中非农产品贸易互补性较低,而且中非之间的农产品贸易互补性并没有随着双边农产品贸易的快速增长而显著提高。     

中国和南美洲农产品贸易:结构与比较优势

中国与南美洲的经贸关系源远流长,南美洲是中国开拓农产品市场、实现出口多元化战略意图的重要区域,也是中国资源性农产品的主要进口来源地。本文对中国和南美洲农产品贸易的结构、特征和比较优势分析发现,南美洲是近年来中国农产品贸易逆差的主要来源,中国与南美洲各国之间的农产品贸易类型主要是产业间贸易,有明显互补性特征并存在扩大贸易的潜力。     

从农产品的比较优势变化看我国农业贸易政策的调整

本文利用贸易竞争指数对我国农产品近十年的比较优势状况和变动趋势进行了实证分析,结果发现我国农产品的总体比较优势近年来呈下降趋势,但不同类型农产品的比较优势是不同的。我国劳动密集型农产品在国际上具有比较优势,而技术密集型和资本密集型农产品却不具有比较优势,并针对此现状提出了有关农产品贸易政策调整的建议。     

中国与东北亚主要国家农产品贸易互补性分析

本文通过引入比较优势指数、贸易互补指数和贸易强度指数三大指标，对中国与东北亚主要国家之间的双边农产品贸易进行了分析。本文通过测算发现，在中日、中俄双边农产品贸易中，中国的比较优势地位在上升，但在中韩双边农产品贸易中，中国的比较优势地位在下降。中日、中韩之间具有较强的贸易互补性，中俄之间则不具有贸易互补性。然而，就具有比较优势的农产品而言，中日之间的贸易互补性正在逐渐增强，而中韩之间的贸易互补性却在下降。进一步研究发现，中国出口至日本、韩国的那些不具有贸易互补性却有着紧密贸易联系的农产品，面临着第三方市场的竞争。     

关于中美农产品贸易结构的实证分析

本文通过产业内贸易指数、显性比较优势指数、出口产品相似度指数和出口产品分散度指数,对中美农产品贸易结构进行了实证分析,认为中美两国农产品贸易潜力较大,两国应本着互惠互利原则调整农产品贸易政策,使农产品贸易取得应有的地位。     

中-巴农产品贸易及巴西农产品在中国市场竞争力研究

本文运用相对贸易优势指数、贸易互补性指数、产业内贸易指数分析了中国和巴西农产品贸易的特征，并通过市场占有率和排名、贸易强度指数、贸易相似度指数对巴西农产品在中国市场的表现及竞争状况进行了分析。研究表明：巴西农产品相对贸易优势明显，中巴农产品贸易互补性强，两国农产品贸易以产业间贸易为主。文章最后对中国与巴西未来的农业合作提出了相应的对策建议。     

中国农产品贸易格局的实证分析

随着世界经济全球化和区域一体化的发展，各国家（地区）间的经贸往来越来越密切，农产品贸易作为世界经济的重要组成部分，国际市场的变化深刻影响着各国（地区）农业及农产品对外贸易的发展。本文旨在通过分析我国农产品贸易格局的分布和变化特征，以及农产品贸易格局的主要影响因素，认识和掌握我国农产品对外贸易的发展特点和发展优势。论文主要采用实证研究的方法，在数据分析和国际比较的基础上，对我国农产品贸易格局的特征和影响因素进行了分析，并探讨我国农产品贸易格局改进的潜力和空间。     

中国与哈萨克斯坦农产品贸易：动态和展望

本文在概述中哈两国农产品贸易规模和产品结构的基础上,对双边的市场发展潜力、比较优势和贸易互补性进行了研究。结果表明：哈国对我国农产品的需求将不断增加;中哈两国具有比较优势的农产品很少有重叠,双边农产品贸易结构符合各自的资源禀赋;两国间存在显著的农产品贸易互补性,且这种互补性不断加强。虽然目前两国农产品贸易中仍存在未签订农产品贸易协定、“灰色”通关现象严重和农产品出口基地建设滞后等问题需要解决,但中哈边境农产品贸易仍将呈现广阔的前景。     

中国-东盟农产品贸易特征分析

随着中国-东盟自由贸易区建立步伐的加快和“早期收获计划”的实施，双边农产品贸易额大幅增加，东盟已成为中国最重要的农产品贸易伙伴之一。本文从比较优势、双边贸易互补性及产业内贸易三个角度对中国与东盟农产品贸易的特征进行了分析，并在此基础上提出了促进中国与东盟农产品贸易的政策建议。     

中韩农产品市场比较优势分析

自中韩建交以来,两国间贸易飞速增长.然而由于韩国的农产品保护政策,中韩农产品贸易存在摩擦,影响了两国农产品贸易的扩大.本文旨在通过两国农产品市场比较优势(MCA)的分析,提出缓解贸易争端、扩大农产品贸易的对策建议.     

国土资源科技进步与可持续发展

本文探讨了国土资源科技进步与可持续发展的关系 ,科技进步实现我国现阶段可持续发展的途径 ,对可持续发展的未来进行了展望 ,并提出了若干结论和建议。     

国土资源与可持续发展

今天 ,我向大家介绍一下我国国土资源的有关情况 ,并与大家一起学习中央关于国土资源管理的重要指示精神。我的介绍分为三个部分 :一是对国土资源重要地位和作用的认识 ;二是对国土资源面临严峻形势的分析 ;三是保护和合理利用国土资源的对策。一、国土资源的重要地位和作用自然资源包括土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源、水资源、森林资源、草原资源、生物资源、气候资源、能源资源及自然景观旅游资源等十多种。社会生产离不开资源 ,无论生产创造的财富属于哪一个门类 ,其起始点都必定是自然资源。任何一个国家 ,其经济发展的规模、速度以及稳…     

江苏省地质环境管理改革发展的目标与路径

江苏省现阶段的主要地质环境问题是由自然因素和人为因素造成和引发的。多年来,江苏省地质环境管理取得了很大成绩,但也存在不少问题。新时期加强地质环境管理要根据江苏省的实际,不断深化认识,健全法制,明确责任,突出重点,拓宽地质环境管理思路;要从政府、企业和社会三方面着手,构建保障社会科学发展的地质环境管理新机制,全面推进地质环境管理改革,为江苏省现代化建设"两个率先"的宏伟目标服务。     

保障抗震救灾粮油质量安全的实践与体会

<正>"5·12"特大地震,给四川省粮食系统造成了重大人员伤亡和巨额经济损失,全省21个市州、148个县(市、区)、618个企业遭受了不同程度的破坏和损失,造成的直接和间接经济损失达到140亿     

Similarities and dissimilarities between the EU agricultural and rural development model and Romanian agriculture. Challenges and perspectives

The main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the European model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. Statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the EU countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. At present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old EU Member States. In Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. An option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects.     

Land use planning and health and well-being

This paper is concerned with the relationship between the planning of settlements and health. It gives a brief introduction to the issues before summarising the evidence in relation to a range of topics, concluding with some more speculative thoughts on likely future findings.Modern planning was invented in response to inhumane living conditions in 19th century cities. But in the last century the connection was lost. Only now, with concerns over climate change and obesity, is there beginning to be the realisation that the physical environment is an important determinant of health.The paper uses a particular model of this relationship based on eco-system and health determinants theories to structure the review of evidence. The review covers: lifestyle choices in relation to physical activity and diet, mental well-being and community, the local economy and income, health inequalities and strategic land use transport planning, pollution and urban form, and finally impacts on global ecology.There is now a growing consensus that while personal factors are critical in determining health, the urban environment exacerbates or mitigates health and well-being outcomes.The level of active travel (walking and cycling) and outdoor recreational activity is strongly affected by accessibility to local facilities. Access to green, natural environments, and to local social networks, are factors in mental well-being. The wider sub-regional pattern of housing, economic development, land use and transport is a determinant of social exclusion and therefore health inequalities. It also affects health-damaging pollution, adaptability in the face of climate change and the level of carbon dioxide emissions.We have literally been building unhealthy conditions into many of our towns and cities. But comparisons with the best cities in Europe indicate that it is possible to reverse the less desirable trends. Success depends, however, on more radical policies of local authority control over land and finance than any political party has yet advocated. It also requires collaboration between the full range of powerful public and private organizations that influence the built environment.Future research is likely to further strengthen these conclusions. It will become much more obvious that planning for health and well-being is not only the NHS, but about creating a health-promoting physical, social and economic environment.     

Mix and sequencing of economywide and agricultural reforms: Chile and New Zealand

Once committed to economywide and sectoral reforms – stabilization, structural adjustment, and trade liberalization – and companion reforms of institutions, how does government best proceed? With what reforms in response to initial conditions, and in what mix, sequence, strength, and speed? This study examines what factors were most critical to success during transition in two early reformers. The economies of Chile and New Zealand have undergone seismic reforms, starting in the mid-1970s and 1980s, respectively. Comparative analysis of their reforms look at the prior conditions that induced drastic action and the policy choices made in each country. Though similar in many respects, differences in initial economic conditions and implementation led to dissimilar, even contrary results. For Chile, the outcome was a vigorous, recharged economy and agricultural sector; for New Zealand, the economy and the sector are lagging still. How policy choice and implementation, as well as simultaneity of reforms, affected the outcomes is the major thrust of the study. The preeminence of trade and macroeconomic policies over sectoral interventions, and in particular the strategic nature of the real exchange rate in allowing agriculture to compete domestically and internationally highlight the discussion.