Private Investment and Political Institutions

Recent research has demonstrated a negative link between macroeconomic and political uncertainty and levels of private investment across countries. This raises the question whether certain types of government institutions might help reduce this uncertainty. North and Weingast (1989) propose that political institutions characterized by checks and balances can have beneficial effects on investment by allowing governments to credibly commit not to engage in ex post opportunism with respect to investors. In this paper I develop and test a modified version of their hypothesis, suggesting that checks and balances, on average, improve possibilities for commitment, but that they are not a necessary condition for doing so. Results of heteroskedastic regression and quantile regression estimates strongly support this proposition.     

产权与民间投资的激励

产权理论认为 ,产权是收益的基础 ,有效率的产权应是竞争性的或排他性的 ,它可以减少产权主体在行使其权能时的不确定因素 ,从而激励投资者的积极性。产权的界定和细分有利于现代企业制度的建立和社会经济的发展。党的十六大报告中有关“合法的非劳动收入”和“保护私人财产”的阐述 ,明确了我国现阶段多元利益格局下 ,对私营经济和民间投资的激励政策。分析我国民间投资的发展状况和制约民间投资壮大的产权因素 ,应进一步保护民营企业的产权 ,明晰企业产权与个人产权 ,并对民营企业产权进行细分 ,使所有权和经营权适当分离 ,逐步建立现代化企业的激励约束制度。     

私募股权投资的战略选择

随着全球次级债危机日渐严重和中国经济持续高速增长,中国作为新兴经济体所孕育的私募股权投资市场,对于全球资本正显示出越来越大的吸引力。私募基金在我国并不是新鲜事物,但由于诸多不规范操作,一直行走在灰色地带。私募基金的特性决定其具有很大发展空间,但也存在很大风险,积极探索私募股权市场的构建模式,有利于经济持续健康发展。     

我国政府支出和公共投资对私人投资的效应分析

首先采用Diamond模型对公共投资及各项政府支出对私人投资影响进行理论分析;然后利用1980~2005年间的数据,运用协整检验、单方程误差修正模型分析了我国政府支出和公共投资及各项政府支出对私人投资的长短期效应;经验结果表明无论从长期还是短期看政府支出挤出了私人投资而公共投资则挤入了私人投资,国防支出和行政管理支出在长期和短期都挤出了私人投资,社会文教支出长期挤入了私人投资,短期挤出了私人投资。     

私募股权投资、投资者情绪与科技型企业R&D投入

根据2009-2017年深圳证券交易所科技型上市企业相关面板数据,研究私募股权投资、投资者情绪与企业R&D投入之间的关系。研究发现：存在私募股权投资的科技型企业R&D投资强度更大;投资者情绪在私募股权投资与企业R&D投入之间起中介效应,即存在私募股权投资的科技型企业的投资者情绪更为高涨,高涨的投资者情绪会促使企业加大R&D投入。企业异质性检验发现,不同于国有企业和外资企业,民营企业的投资者情绪在私募股权投资与研发投入中的中介效应更加显著,并且处于不同生命周期的企业,无论是年轻企业还是成熟企业,投资者情绪的中介效应均不显著。将投资者情绪纳入分析框架,深入研究私募股权投资对企业研发活动的影响,对私募股权投资机构、企业、政府等进行科学决策具有重要理论价值和实践意义。     

中国投资银行业的市场结构与发展前景

本文通过对我国投资银行业行业结构和业务结构的现状分析及全球化视角的比较,指出我国投资银行业进一步发展必将发生大规模并购,形成若干规模较大的券商并存的市场格局,并将走上一条与现代西方投资银行业相似的寡头竞争市场结构的发展道路.     

私募投资基金的主要法律问题研究

一、私募投资基金 在经济生活中的发展 私募基金在市场上一般按照投资对象的不同分为对冲基金(HEDGE FUND)、风险投资基金(VENTUREFUND)、收购基金(ACQUISITION ENTITIES)、结构化金融实体(STRUCTURED FINANCE ENTITIES)等,其中以对冲基金和风险投资基金为常见。本文主要以对冲基金为例进行介绍。 “对冲基金”在美国联邦证券法中并没有被定义或使用,没有精确的法律含义。一般来说,对冲基金被用来描述主要从事各种证券和商品(包括股权、国债、金融期货、选择权和外汇)交易、运用套利、杠杆和对冲等复杂投资     

公共投资对私人投资的挤出挤进效应分析

本文运用经济增长理论与新古典分析方法从短期与长期、宏观与微观两个层面分析了公共投资对私人投资替代与互补的影响机制.一方面,公共资本对私人资本具有替代性,增加公共投资会"挤出"等量的私人投资;另一方面,公共资本对私人投资具有正外部性,可提高私人投资的边际产出从而"挤进"私人投资.公共投资对私人投资的影响方向由这两种对立效应的相对强弱决定.实证检验表明,政府公共投资对私人部门投资在挤进的同时又有挤出,最终起主导作用的是挤进效应.政府在公共投资政策的制定和把握上应加强对私人投资的引导和规范,使私人投资者产生正确的理性预期,将项目投向更有效率、更有作用的领域.     

我国政府投资与民间投资的发展演变

政府投资对拉动我国经济增长在历史上曾经起到了积极作用,但也产生了许多消极影响.随着民营经济的发展,它在推动经济增长中的主导地位日益降低,并逐步被民间投资取代.民间投资具有巨大的潜力和明显的优势,它的发展对于推动增长、扩大内需、增加就业、提高人民的收入,将起到积极的作用.本文分析了政府投资和民间投资的发展变化现状、趋势,提出了促进民间投资的有关措施.     

Expectations and the Dynamic Feedback between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth

This paper seeks to analyze the dynamic feedback between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and economic growth – larger FDI promotes higher GDP, while higher GDP can be achieved with higher levels of FDI. We use panels and a sample of 19 Latin American countries to estimate a dynamic FDI and a dynamic GDP equation that jointly characterize the evolution of both variables. We find that the dynamics of GDP and FDI are mostly driven by the expectations. Shocks of GDP or FDI were found to play no role affecting the dynamics.     

论私募股权投资的委托代理与价值流转

私募股权投资作为金融领域新兴起的一个产业,其运作管理过程中的委托代理问题已由许多学者作过探讨。文章探讨了投资者货币资本、基金管理者人力资本、企业经营者人力资本、企业实物资本在私募股权投资的委托代理关系中的价值流转过程,并论述了私募股权投资过程中组织机制和契约安排对价值流转的作用机理。     

Unemployment Expectations: The Impact of Private Information on Income Uncertainty

The formation and accuracy of unemployment expectations are investigated in this paper. Unemployment expectations were found to contain predictive information that was not captured by past trends in unemployment and other economic variables. The predictive content of expectations was based on private information about future unemployment and overall economic prospects. The data indicated a greater consistency with the rational expectations hypothesis than with adaptive, extrapolative, and error-learning models, although households did not optimally use all available information. The data indicate that unemployment expectations are to an important extent derived from more general expectations about the future performance of the economy.     

中国私营企业的生产率表现和投资效率

本文利用第一次全国经济普查数据系统地研究中国私营企业的生产率表现和投资效率问题。样本分析表明,东部地区材料和机械设备制造业的私营企业在劳动生产率和资本生产率上都明显领先于其他地区,然而这种优势主要集中表现在规模较大的企业上。生产函数的估计结果显示各地区大部分行业的资本弹性稳定地处于0.2—0.3之间。对生产率方差的分解表明,地区和行业内部近90%的生产率差异来自TFP的差异,劳均资本的差异只占贡献来源的13%左右。虽然行业间生产率差异的主要来源还是TFP,但地区间的生产率差异则主要来源于劳均资本的差异。资本边际产出在地区间和行业间的不均衡分布意味着部门间存在资本配置的非效率。我们通过模拟实验发现,省际间资本重置给私营制造业带来的潜在产出增长效果比行业间的资本重置更加明显,这意味着私营制造业资本的地区间流动障碍比行业间障碍更为严重。     

Public Investment, Congestion, and Private Capital Accumulation

This paper analyses the impact of public investment on the dynamics of private capital formation in an intertemporal optimising market-clearing framework. The key feature characterising the analysis is that the public good is treated as a durable capital good, subject to congestion. We show how in the presence of congestion the effect of government investment on private capital formation involves a tradeoff between the degree of substitution between private and public capital in production and the degree of congestion. Both lump-sum and distortionary tax financing are considered, with this tradeoff being tightened in the latter case     

Public Spending and Private Investment: Evidence From Greece

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether there is a link between disaggregated measures of government expenditures and private investment in Greece. A cointegration analysis of a multivariate system of equations is applied in order to empirically estimate the long run relationships between private investment and different measure of government expenditures. Subsequently IRF and VDC are estimated. Government investment is found to assert a positive effect on private investment, supporting in this way the capital accumulation process. On the other hand, government consumption appears to compete for the same resources with government investment, while it negatively affects private investment. [E62]     

民间投资、环境规制与绿色技术创新

民间投资作为政府投资的重要补充,为企业绿色技术创新提供越来越多的资金支持,对激发企业创新活力具有重要作用。为进一步引导和鼓励民间投资,以环境规制为中介变量,运用Stata15.0软件和Matlab2016软件,基于长江经济带11省市1999-2016年民间投资和绿色技术创新相关数据,在K阶近邻空间权重矩阵下建立空间杜宾模型。结果显示,长江经济带各地区绿色技术创新呈现显著空间集聚效应;单一的民间投资对技术创新有一定促进作用,但因民间投资目前主要集中在产业低端,与环境规制结合时并未有效促进绿色技术创新。为此,应营造良好的投资环境,促进民间投资有效供给;建立环境倒逼机制,引导民间投资健康发展;发挥区域协同效应,促进绿色技术创新,实现经济高质量发展。     

Linking Public Investment to Private Investment. The Case of Spanish Regions

Public investment constitutes one of the main instruments of regional policies. The existence of a direct link between infrastructure and regional income per capita is usually accepted. Literature also describes a positive effect of public investment on private capital accumulation. This paper seeks to provide new empirical evidence on this latter relationship for the case of Spanish regions over the period 1965–1997 using panel data methodology. The results show a positive effect of productive and social public investment (especially in education) on private investment. The spillover effects generated by the productive infrastructures located in other regions do not seem to encourage the private investment in neighbouring regions. Public consumption and interest rate exert a negative influence on private capital accumulation. These results are robust to changes in the econometric specification.     

民间资本参与风险投资问题研究

现阶段对风险投资的研究多集中在于其退出机制,而对风险资本来源问题,特别是民间资本参与风险投资问题却很少涉及。本拟就民间资本参与风险投资所涉及的观念误区,制度安排以及内在机制等问题人一尝试性的分析解释,并借鉴国外经验给出我国民间资本参与风险投资的目标模式。     

民间投资趋势分析

民间投资是相对政府投资而言的,是未来我国投资的主力,2001年,在制度、政策等环境转向好的情况下,估计民间投资会有比较好的表现,但由于政策落实有一个磨合期,经济发展环境也与以前有很大的不同,因此,民间投资增长将保持稳中有升态势,不大可能出现猛长局面。