权力寻租治理的政治学分析

＂寻租＂从最初的经济学含义扩展到政治领域,与政治权力结合的＂权力寻租＂成为腐败的代名词.权力寻租在现实社会中具有极大的社会危害性.推进政治发展、加强制度创新、打造有限政府、扩大公众参与,是根治权力寻租的必然选择.〈行政许可法〉的颁布实施顺应了根治权力寻租、打造有限政府的要求,推进了我国的政治文明进程.     

我国渐进式改革视阈下的寻租问题及其治理

寻租行为易导致权力腐败,福利损失。渐进式改革带来的新旧体制摩擦和矛盾为寻租活动留下了体制空间。治理寻租问题的着眼点在于根除导致其滋生的制度根源,规范政府行为,加快市场化改革,完善监督机制。     

远见

李克强：简政放权，一抓到底、一往无前 简政放权是激发市场活力、调动社会创造力的利器，是减少权力寻租、铲除腐败的釜底抽薪之策。要让市场在资源配置中发挥决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，简政放权是重要的突破口、切入点。     

寻租、分配关系失衡及其矫正对策

中国改革开放以来收入差距不断扩大,分配不公现象日益严峻,这与寻租形成的行政垄断、腐败及权力资本化密不可分。改变寻租导致的分配关系失衡现状必须找到寻租的根源,加强对公权力的制度约束是解决寻租的根本之策,只有发扬民主和加强法制建设,才能从根本上解决收入分配的不公问题。     

权力寻租的根源探析与治理

权力寻租是现代市场经济和转轨体制国家普遍存在的经济现象.权力寻租行为,不仅给国家造成了巨大的经济损失,而且也严重损害了政府的公信力,削弱了政府对经济的积极作用.本文从西方的寻租理论入手,深入分析了权力寻租产生的原因并提出了相应的治理措施.     

浅析权力寻租及治理

“寻租”从最初的经济学含义扩展到政治领域，与政治权力结合的“权力寻租”成为腐败的代名词。本文从权力寻租的内涵和危害及其治理对策方面作了粗浅的探讨。     

从制度经济学角度分析我国政府的权力寻租现象

本文首先以西方寻租理论为分析框架,分析了我国政府及行政领域存在的寻租现象,并通过对软政权的制度漏洞分析,提出了相应制度创新的政策,进一步提出要进行体制改革和制度创新,建立结构合理、配置科学、相互制约的权力运行机制,从制度上彻底根除权力寻租的产生。     

一种新的寻租形式

一种新的寻租形式正在我国呈现出一种蔓延的趋势,那就是国家机关中的工作人员集体腐败的行为。集体腐败是相对于国家机关工作人员中单个个体的腐败而言的。集体腐败是指拥有一定公共权力的某政府机构中的一些人或全体成员,共同利用本机构的公共权力谋取本单位成员私利的行为。与个体腐败相比,集体腐败有以下几个明显的特征:(1)行为的主体大,人数多;(2)主体中个人之间相互联系,     

城市土地市场中的地方政府权力寻租探讨

本文分析了城市土地市场中地方政府权力寻租的表现、路径,并构建了相应的权力寻租模型,在此基础上,挖掘其滋生的制度环境,进而反思权力寻租的外部性和造成的危害,最后提出抑制性对策,以便为我国的公共管理提供有益参考。     

公共产品价格监管立法探讨——兼以消费者权益保护为视角

市场失灵与自然垄断促使政府管制公共产品价格,这对保护消费者权益具有积极性和正当性.而政府管制公共产品价格亦会产生政府失灵和权力寻租现象,它对消费者权益保护带来了消极性与负面性.要克服市场失灵和政府失灵,充分保障消费者权益,就需要用法治来弥补缺陷.现阶段急需制定一部反映市场客观规律、符合中国国情、保障社会福利最大化的《公共产品价格监管法》,重构政府、经营者、消费者权力(利),依法治价,并搞好法外配套改革.     

从管制到治理：我国街头官僚转型探析

街头官僚理论是公共行政研究领域较新的理论之一。我国目前的街头官僚基本属于“管制型”街头官僚,这种类型的街头官僚已严重不适应于我国经济体制转轨、社会转型及政府职能转变的要求,并在实践中暴露出种种弊端。在“推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化”的要求下,我国的街头官僚应实现由“管制型”向“治理型”的转变。街头官僚转型既需要宏观层次的地方治理格局优化、服务型政府和法治政府建设、社会治理体制创新,也需要微观层次的街头官僚自身角色、职责、工作方式和工作程序的调整与完善。     

The impacts of market power on power grid efficiency: Evidence from China

Since 1980s, China has experienced a series of reforms to support the development of electricity industry, and the latest one is in 2015. The essence of this new reform is to improve efficiency and lower energy cost. However, China's electricity market has its particularity. The “provinces as entities” is the main regulation frame in China's electricity sector. The operation of the electricity industry can be seen as a game result and interest compromise between the local government and grid companies, and this “win-win exchange” regulation failure leads to grid market power. The profit mode of the grid enterprises will be gradually changed with the deepening of new electricity reform. How to regulate electricity transmission and distribution sector and improve grid efficiency becomes a crucial problem to address. This paper aims to examine the relationship between market power and power grid efficiency. We calculate the unconditional and conditional efficiency of grid companies by applying a conditional slack-based measure (SBM) model. The empirical results show that grid efficiency is at a low level and the indicators differ among provinces and regions. Moreover, market power indeed has significant negative effects on power grid efficiency. These findings provide some insightful references for the future development of China's power industry and electricity reform.     

社会主义政府如何主导国内商品经济建设

世界近代史以来,由于资本家们赤裸裸的血腥贪婪和权力不受群众有效制约的官僚们的左倾专制及右倾腐化,引发了一次次的西方经济危机和东方一些社会主义国家和平建设的挫折失误、改革开放的复辟变质。其代言人资产阶级自由主义经济学家故意混淆政府与经济及市场的关系、计划经济与市场经济的差别。这亟需我们给予马列主义的纠正,科学引导社会主义政府正确发挥主导作用,促进跨越式发展。     

政府规制的理论逻辑:从理论逻辑到规制失灵

考察了非理性行为、市场垄断势力及正交易费用下从市场失灵到政府规制的理论逻辑。现实经济中往往存在规制过度和规制不足,即"规制失灵"。这时就要求在放松规制的同时加强规制,达到最适规制的效果,即"重新规制"。     

论我国证券上市的法律管理制度创新

我国自改革开放以来经济发展迅猛,公司证券化改革自1990年开始就一直在探索中发展,寻求中国特色的发展途径。证券的法律监督与管理制度一直在不断的健全,随着2008年金融危机对我国的影响,我国证券市场的发展环境产生了变化,我国证券市场的法律监管需要重新思考,作者在文中主要以新时期所产生的问题作为指引,发现存在的问题,并通过分析国内最新的研究资料,提出具有创新性的证券上市法律监管制度。     

The energy crisis and energy reform in Russia: Competition instead of reliability

Energy supply reliability problems are looked at in view of a mega breakdown in the energy grid of Central Russia, which occurred on May 25, 2005, and the energy reform underway in Russia. The splitting of RAO Unified Energy Systems of Russia (UES) into multiple independent companies, as stipulated by the current energy reform, lowers the reliability of energy supply and increases the risk of systemic energy breakdowns, as we noted in [1]. The roles of monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition, and government regulation in the electric power industry are analyzed. The American economist and 2001 Nobel Prizewinner Joseph E. Stiglitz demonstrated the need for government intervention for market regulation, because there is no perfect competition in a real-life market economy, and the market under asymmetric information conditions does bring the economy to an equilibrium state, maximizing public wellbeing. The implications of establishing six whole-sale generating companies from thermoelectric power stations for the growth of electricity tariffs and possible bankruptcy of some companies are also estimated.     

Economic tactics: Commercial policy and the socialization of African agriculture

Commercial policies in some African countries have come under considerable criticism in recent years and it has become necessary to resolve the problems of existing agricultural marketing forms. An alternative approach to the market liberalization commonly recommended is to intervene in the market so as to achieve its regulation and control and a pricing system which can and will support the socialization of agricultural production in collective farms, maintain incentives for individual producers and encourage state procurement of basic crops. Such market control cannot be achieved without an active commercial policy based on the transformation of marketing institutions, effective forms of market intervention and the devolution of considerable power over pricing and marketing from the national to the local levels.     

竞争性电力市场态势与走向:由四个新兴市场国家生发

竞争性电力市场既是完整的现代市场体系,又是一整套现代化的经济管制制度。电力市场化改革的目标是使得电力像一般商品一样在市场竞争中形成价格,电力系统的技术特性与商品交易的经济特性紧密结合,能够解释电价市场形成的深层次机理。低碳经济时代迫近,我国政府应按照选准市场模式、夯实市场体系、破除垄断利益、理顺竞争与监管关系的思路进一步推进电力市场化改革。     

中国家电产业国际化动因与模式选择

国际化已经成为中国家电产业发展的一个重要特征,本文从制约中国家电产业国际化的四个因素出发,通过对要素寻求型、市场寻求型、效率寻求型和技术寻求型等四个动因以及中国家电产业参与国际竞争方式的分析,基于家电产业的四个特征提出中国家电产业国际化的可行路径和方向选择。     

Electricity transmission pricing: The German case

This paper elucidates the German electric power market, especially the electricity transmission pricing system that has been in force since January 2000. This paper points to several distorting pricing features, as well as to grid access problems, and suggests that a regulation office should be established. Moreover, it is argued that an independent grid operator for the entire German grid would enhance its efficient operation, and thereby increase the overall efficiency of the German electric power market. In addition, the actual cost structure and calculation procedure of a German grid operator is described in some detail. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Forty-Ninth International Atlantic Economic Conference, March 14–21, 2000, Munich, Germany and the Fifty-First International Atlantic Economic Conference, March 13–20, 2001, Athens, Greece.