地区差距对中国GDP增长的影响——一个结构分析

地区差距是否如许多学者所说是中国中长期经济持续快速发展的障碍,本文在计量分析的基础上,给出否定答案.该实证分析的基本结论是:(1)中国的地区差距扩大对经济增长几乎没有影响,因此,针对地区差距展开的宏观调控仅能改善社会公平;(2)城市化、工业化和城乡收入问题滞后会削弱资本推动力,减慢整个经济增长速度;它们对经济增长的影响能力和资本投入相比具有同等重要性,是中国中长期经济增长真正可能的障碍;针对这些领域展开的宏观调控将改善资本效率,释放潜在经济增长能力.     

信用与经济增长关系实证研究——基于多层次视角的VAR分析

信用与经济增长之间存在复杂的内在联系。文章利用1990-2007年中国经济数据,实证分析了信用规模及结构与经济增长的关系。结果表明:不同层次的信用规模与经济增长之间存在长期均衡关系且为正相关关系;与非金融部门相比,金融部门信用规模的变化对实际GDP增长的正向影响更大;各层次信用规模与经济增长之间只存在单向因果关系,即经济增长对各层次信用规模的变化有显著的正向效应,而各层次信用规模的变化均未显著影响经济增长。     

中国教育规模与质量影响经济增长的内生路径分析

中国目前教育规模的扩大提升了经济增长率,但教育质量的滑坡降低了经济增长率,教育总体上还是促进了经济增长。从教育影响经济增长的内生增长路径来看,中国的教育还未达到最优规模,仍需继续扩大,同时要注意发展初等教育和职业技术教育等,平衡教育结构。教育质量的提高总是有利于经济增长,因此提高教育质量应成为教育政策的重点。     

高等教育:韩国经济原动力

韩国作为我国的邻邦,近些年经济发展势头迅猛。韩国经济的跳跃式发展,其中一个与众不同的原因是由于起主要推动作用的教育的驱动。剖析了韩国经济发展的特征及其原动力,建立了内生经济增长模型,并以韩国经济发展与高等教育发展的20年的数据为依据,通过实证分析证明了高等教育是推动韩国经济增长的原因,最终总结出韩国的高等教育对我国高等教育未来发展的启示。     

福建省高等教育对经济增长的贡献率研究

以丹尼森教育量简化指数法为基础,以1996—2007年相关统计数据测算了福建省高等教育对经济增长的贡献率。结果显示,虽然福建省高等教育已有一定发展,但相较于周边省份仍有所滞后,应进一步重视高等教育发展。     

李约瑟之谜与长期经济增长——一个文献综述

在经济史文献研究中,李约瑟之谜引起了国内外学者广泛的研究兴趣。在技术等各方面曾一度领先,直到16、17世纪仍与西欧国家站在同一起跑线上的中国为何迅速衰落,又在改革开放以来重新崛起?是什么因素导致一国出现长期经济增长和经济繁荣?文章对已有文献进行梳理的基础上,尝试在众多的经济变量中分离出决定长期经济增长的关键因素,以期对此类文献的研究提供新的视角。     

Does the impact of private education on growth differ at different levels of credit market development?

Using an overlapping generations model, we show that the impact of private financing of education on growth depends on credit market development, being positive when credit markets are adequately developed but negative if sufficiently low levels of credit market development occur alongside relatively high private financing intensities. Employing cross-country data, we find that reduced-form growth relationships are statistically significant and robust under various controls and samples. We also lay out conditions under which economies with missing credit markets are dynamically efficient and outperform, in terms of growth, economies with complete credit markets. The latter may explain large cross-country differences in savings and growth, while facilitating the evaluation of policies on financing education.     

PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF EDUCATION IN A R&D-BASED GROWTH MODEL

We develop a R&D‐based growth model with endogenous accumulation of human capital. We investigate the idea that education is a good entering in the preferences of individuals. We seek to analyse how the decisions of individuals to invest in human capital can be altered by changes in economic policies and how they can be reflected on the level of growth in the long run. We show that policy changes affect growth through their effect on the decision of individuals to invest in human capital. The effects obtained depend whether individuals enjoy to acquire education or if they consider it as a ‘bad’. In the absence of any policy intervention, the level of growth can be excessive or insufficient compared with the optimum.     

河南省高等教育与经济协调发展研究

高等教育与经济发展的良性互动,是实现可持续发展的重要保证.一般来讲,二者应呈现正相关的关系,但是也有超前或滞后的情况.河南省作为一个经济相对落后但又快速发展的省份,二者是怎样的情形,是否有自身的特点.本文借助于统计方法,通过对河南省高等教育发展与经济互动的实证分析,得出河南省高等教育与经济基本协调发展,但省内各地市高等教育发展存在较大差异的结论,并对如何提高河南高等教育与经济的适应性和协调型发展提出策略.     

基于教育人力资本投资视角的陕西经济增长问题分析

人力资本投资和积累对促进就业起重要作用,而就业是带动经济增长的重要条件。以柯布—道格拉斯函数为基础建立生产函数模型,选择教育经费作为人力资本投资的衡量标准,对陕西省1996—2010年的数据进行回归分析,并对回归结果进行检验,计算得出基于教育的人力资本投资对经济增长的贡献,在此基础上提出促进就业发展经济的相关对策。     

Gender Equality and Economic Growth: Is it Equality of Opportunity or Equality of Outcomes?

This article explores the impact of gender equality on economic growth. In particular, we focus on the multidimensional nature of gender equality with the object of identifying the relative salience of different aspects of equality. Using exploratory factor analysis on five measures of gender equality, we identify two distinct dimensions: equality of economic opportunities and equality in economic and political outcomes. Regression analysis conducted on an unbalanced panel of 101 countries taken over nonoverlapping five-year periods from 1990 to 2000 reveals that a standard deviation improvement in equality in economic opportunity increases growth by 1.3 percentage points and a corresponding improvement in participatory equality improves growth by an average of about 1.2 percentage points. However, this impact is contingent on a country's stage of development: while developing economies experience significant improvements in growth from greater equality in opportunity, developed societies see significant improvements resulting from greater equality in outcomes.     

中国区域经济增长差异及影响因素分析

随着中国经济的高速增长,区域经济差异日益突出。此项研究通过对地区经济差异的统计描述,并运用经济计量模型,在传统的资本要素和劳动力要素的基础上,增加了技术要素和制度要素两个变量来考察区域经济增长的差异,得出了结论和启示。     

海南省经济增长因素的研究

本文从产业与区域方面分析了海南省经济发展的状况,并应用计量经济模型,根据海南省经济发展的历史数据,对促进经济增长的因素进行了实证的研究,得出了一些结论并提出了相关的政策建议。     

广州市教育投资对经济增长贡献率的实证分析

有关数据表明，科技进步对经济增长的贡献率已经从20世纪初的5—20％提高到20世纪90年代的70％-80％。广州市作为经济开放的前沿城市，经济增长速度长年处于全国前列，那麽广州市教育投资的经济效益如何？为广州市经济增长带来了多大贡献呢？本文运用C—D函数模型（柯布-道格拉斯函数模型）进行了实证分析。     

The Many Dimensions of Gender Equality and Their Impact on Economic Growth

This study explores the multidimensional nature of gender equality and its influence on economic growth across 64 countries from 2000–2011 using an endogenous growth model. After controlling for standard growth correlates, the empirical results show that countries that protect the economic rights of women experience higher real GDP per capita growth rates. Furthermore, after controlling for a country’s religious affiliation, the importance of religion to the lives of people living in a country had a negative influence on economic growth. Intensely held religious beliefs are strongly correlated with gender inequitable views. These attitudes might serve as an important channel through which these gender biases are institutionalized in economic practices and act to slow economic growth.     

What's Not Converging? East Asia's Relative Performance in Income,Health, and Education*

This paper discusses East Asia's performance in terms of per capita gross domestic product growth rates over the past 40 years and compares that performance to progress primarily on measures of health. It also compares the region to the rest of the world on a set of broader development measures. It looks at the evidence of East Asian regional and global convergence in health and education, alongside evidence from the region matching global evidence of a comparatively weak link between income growth and health and education growth. This finding is echoed by available within‐country evidence from the region. This paper discusses what might be behind these results, suggesting the importance of a few simple supply‐side interventions coupled with the spread of demand for health and education services as sufficient to drive quality‐of‐life convergence.