The Political Economy of Tourism in Cambodia

This paper provides an overview of the historical development of the Cambodian political economy and the role of tourism in shaping it since the early 1990s when Cambodia opened its door to the world. The paper provides a general overview of tourism products and the government's policies in tourism development in Cambodia and then examines the perceived impacts of tourism on socio-economic development. It is argued that tourism plays an important role in socio-economic development and national identity promotion, but that proper management of tourism is required to control the spread of HIV/AIDS and child sex tourism.     

Tourism development in Cambodia: An analysis of opportunities and barriers

Cambodia has been perceived as one of the major destinations for development in the southeast Asia region. Information regarding the country and its attractions have been difficult to obtain. This study investigated the opportunities and barriers the Cambodian tourism industry now faces.     

国外旅游产业竞争力研究述评

近年来旅游产业竞争力正逐渐成为国内外研究的热点领域,本文通过对国外相关研究文献的梳理与回顾,对旅游产业竞争力的相关影响因素、评价方法和模型、存在问题以及未来研究趋势进行了深入探讨。     

区域旅游产业竞争力构成:基于竞争力性质的研究

随着区域旅游产业竞争的不断加强,关于区域旅游产业竞争力的构成研究也越来越多.研究取得不少成果,也存在很多问题.本文基于竞争力性质--显性或隐性、成长或非成长性、先天或后天获得性等,把区域旅游产业竞争力分解为潜在竞争力、外生和内生资源禀赋竞争力、市场竞争力.通过研究这几种构成的性质及变化规律,可以明确竞争力培育的重点与方向,制定有效的竞争策略,从而能够培育和提升区域旅游产业的竞争力.     

风景名胜区旅游竞争力的构成和来源

本文主要探讨了风景名胜区旅游竞争力的构成和来源。本文认为，风景名胜区的旅游竞争力，主要由风景名胜区的旅游市场占有能力、旅游创造利润能力和旅游可持续发展能力等3个方面的能力构成。风景名胜区旅游竞争力的来源可以从3个层次进行分析，分别是决定因素、支持因素和保障因素，其中决定因素主要由旅游资源、设施、服务、价格、形象、区位6方面因素组成；支持因素主要包括管理、资金、创新、人力资源、营销、技术和行业因素；保障因素主要包括自然环境、政府、区域经济和社区因素。     

西部旅游开发与旅游人才队伍建设的几点思考

阐述了在西部旅游开发背景下 ,西部旅游人才队伍建设存在的问题 ,提出了树立人才战略的观念、大力发展旅游教育、抓好旅游行业重点人才的培养等措施。     

我国旅游上市公司动态竞争力比较的实证分析

在竞争力研究中,静态分析法难以准确描述竞争力的动态发展过程,而动态性又是竞争力的一个显著特征,因此,需引入动态分析法对竞争力进行研究.本文以动态集对同一度分析和动态因子分析法对我国旅游上市公司的动态竞争力进行实证分析,在评价旅游上市公司竞争力的基础上,得出动态竞争力和长期绩效的关系以及动态竞争力的影响因素,对我国旅游企业的发展有一定的借鉴作用.     

城市商务旅游竞争力:评价体系及方法的创新研究

目前,商务旅游竞争力的研究相对较少,而已有的旅游竞争力评价体系研究方法又存在亟须改进之处。为此,本文创新性地通过专家访谈及商务游客调查确定城市商务旅游特征,并以商务游客认知趋势这一客观信息为基础,借助因子分析法构建了城市商务旅游竞争力评价的量化模型。随后,以香港、澳门、上海、广州4个城市的商务旅游竞争力为例,对该模型的普适性及准确性进行了检验。通过检验得知,该评价体系的构建过程体现了一定的客观性,在具体使用方面拥有较高的准确性及可行性,具有较好的应用价值。由于本研究的抽样调查仅在澳门进行,如能在更广泛的区域内对商务旅客取样,则所构建的评价指标体系会更为完善。     

Childhood studies and orphanage tourism in Cambodia

Interacting with children is one of the most popular activities among volunteer tourists, yet volunteer tourism research rarely is informed by insights from childhood studies. This paper shows how a greater understanding of the socially constructed nature of many assumptions about children and childhood, as well as a more accurate understanding of child development processes, can deepen understanding of the phenomenon widely referred to as orphanage tourism. Issues to be addressed include the definition and delineation of orphanage tourism, motivations for and consequences of orphanage tourism, and the anti-orphanage tourism campaign. Main points will be illustrated with excerpts from a content analysis of volunteers’ testimonials, blogs and other online sources.     

基于因素分析的区域旅游竞争力评价模型研究

竞争力评价是近年学术研究的热点.本文首先回顾了我国区域旅游竞争力评价的相关研究,然后从分析区域旅游竞争力的影响因素入手,构建一个评价区域旅游竞争力的多层次指标体系,并利用因子分析法对指标体系进行定量分析,建立相应的综合评价模型.     

城市群旅游竞争力评价指标体系与测度方法探讨

文章从城市群整体及其内部城市单体两个角度构建了旅游竞争力评价指标体系,具体包括旅游业发展动力、旅游业发展水平、旅游影响、旅游经济联系、不同城市区域旅游贡献度等5方面指标,并确定了旅游竞争力状态空间评价方法与系统动力学动态测度方法,以期为城市群旅游竞争力评价及其变化趋势分析提供一定的研究方法与分析思路.     

A geography of ecotourism in Cambodia: regions,patterns, and potentials

Tourism visits to Cambodia have expanded rapidly, with over 5 million visitors arriving in the country by 2016. Angkor Wat remains the primary tourist attraction, but increasing numbers of tourists also visit ecotourism destinations. This study draws on Weaver’s [(2002). Asian ecotourism: Patterns and themes. Tourism Geographies, 4(2), 153–172] spatial and structural analysis of ecotourism in Asia as an organizing framework to develop a geography of ecotourism in Cambodia. In a comprehensive review of academic publications, reports, online ecotourism clearinghouses, and project websites, 30 Cambodian ecotourism sites were identified based on 5 ecotourism criteria. A content analysis of ecotourism project websites was then conducted to group together ecotourism sites with common characteristics in particular geographic regions. Each site was plotted on a Google Terrain map, and local and regional terrain, land cover, transport, and other physical features were analyzed, supplemented by detailed geographical data from Google Panorama, Earth, and Satellite map functions. Three relatively distinct ecotourism regions were identified: the (a) mangrove and rainforest region, (b) highland trekking region, and (c) wetlands and waterways region. For each region, tourism gateways and ecotourism development challenges and potentials are elaborated. The paper concludes with a discussion of study findings and their implications for ecotourism development in Cambodia.     

Senior Tourism: The Sunrise Industry in the Sunset Crowd

With the advent of China’s aging society, the elderly have become an important force in tourism activities and tourism consumption. Senior tourism has gradually become the focus of social attention. In this context, the national government departments and some local governments have formulated a series of policies and standards related to senior tourism to promote the development of the senior tourism industry, which reflects the increasingly important role of senior tourism in the national economy development. The aim of this paper is to introduce the background of senior tourism policy formulation, the specific content of senior tourism policies and standards, and its impact on China’s tourism research and practice.     

高职院校旅游人才培养模式和教学内容改革方向探讨

本文在对高职院校旅游专业人才培养存在问题分析的基础上 ,提出了改革的方向 :适应 2 1世纪旅游产业发展水平 ;符合旅游教育的性质 ;推进素质教育 ;与国际化接轨等。     

Modeling,Evaluation and Analysis of Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Delta of China

Tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) has been a prominent topic toward the tourism industry in global marketplaces. To give a more comprehensive and more objective evaluation of TDC, a multi-hierarchy evaluation model (MHEM) is established. The information entropy-based weighting method is employed for the determination of the weights of all the evaluation aspects. The self-organized mapping neural network is proposed to give a more comprehensive classification of tourism developments. To verify the efficiency of the proposed evaluation model, an empirical study on the 16 cities in the Yangtze River Delta of China is constructed. External and internal uneven development phenomenon of TDCs is observed and analyzed based on the evaluation results, and the core-layers spatial distribution characteristics of the cities in the delta are also well described.     

旅游人才开发管理中的十大关系

人才竞争是现代旅游竞争制胜的关键。本文简要地分析了我国旅游人才开发管理中“旅游人才开发与旅游业发展”、“人才需求与人才供给”、“人才数量与人才质量”、“从业人员资格准入与在职培训”、“院校培养与继续教育”、“培养人才与使用人才”、“人才流动与人才稳定”、“宏观管理、行政开发与微观管理、市场开发”、“‘请进来’开发与‘送出去’开发”、“显能开发与潜能开发”等十个方面的关系 ,力求从整体上把握我国旅游人才开发管理的基本现状与发展趋势。     

Destination Branding and Images: Perceptions and Practices from Tourism Industry Professionals

The intensified competition among convention cities has created an increasing interest for cities to better understand how to market themselves as a convention destination. A city's image is one of the highest indicators of its success as a convention location. It becomes imperative for each city to specifically analyze its strengths and weaknesses. Because there is a lack of literature regarding medium-sized convention cities, this study compares Knoxville, Tennessee to other similarly populated cities in the southeastern United States. The perceived importance of city attributes and the tourism professional's perception of the strengths and weaknesses of the particular city as a convention destination are based on the years of experience of the tourism professional in the industry and participants' demographic characteristics. The sample of the study was industry professionals that attended the Tennessee Governor's Conference on Tourism held in Knoxville in September 2006. Implications from this study may be used to improve the competitive position of Knoxville as a convention destination.     

An Extended Gravity Model: Applying Destination Competitiveness

Due to the substantial growth of tourism, various studies have employed different forms of gravity models. However, previous models had limitations in terms of generalizing their results. This is primarily due to their focus on specific regions or variables for special events or components of tourism. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to present an extended gravity model that can more generally explain tourism flows. This study adopted components of destination competitiveness as complementary variables and a panel data framework to include the cross-sectional and time effects in the model. The result showed that the proposed model had greater explanatory power than traditional gravity models. Additionally, along with gravity variables, destination competitiveness components, such as natural and cultural resources, general and tourism infrastructure, price competitiveness, and openness, had significant effects on tourism flows. Further discussion and implications are provided in the main body of this paper.     

关于旅游教育与旅游业发展的适应性问题

本文通过对我国旅游教育 2 0多年发展历程的观察 ,阐述了旅游教育与旅游发展的适应性问题 ,以期引起人们更深入的思考。一是论述了为什么要深入研究旅游教育与旅游业发展相适应的重要性 ;二是从分析旅游教育的应用性特点入手 ,围绕旅游院校布局、旅游教育教学的各环节 (专业教学计划、教学大纲和教材、师资、实践教学、教学管理 )等 ,论述了旅游教育与旅游业发展相适应的问题 ;最后强调了加强旅游基础理论研究对于构建旅游理论体系 ,促进旅游教育水平提高的重要作用。     

论实现世界旅游强国的人才建设

目前,我国旅游人才建设仍存在总量不足、分布不合理、结构不理想、急需人才缺乏、人才外流严重等问题,为此,需要在确立积极的人才资源开发目标和工作思路,实施人才队伍建设工程,创新用人机制,优化人才环境等方面作出积极的探索。