共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Hans U. Gerber ASA PhD Hailiang Yang ASA PhD 《North American actuarial journal : NAAJ》2013,17(3):159-169
Abstract This article considers the compound Poisson insurance risk model perturbed by diffusion with investment. We assume that the insurance company can invest its surplus in both a risky asset and the risk-free asset according to a fixed proportion. If the surplus is negative, a constant debit interest rate is applied. The absolute ruin probability function satisfies a certain integro-differential equation. In various special cases, closed-form solutions are obtained, and numerical illustrations are provided. 相似文献
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保险公司的盈余为跳跃扩散过程,保险人投资于债券和股票,且股票的价格服从跳跃扩散过程的最优投资组合。在均值-方差准则下通过随机最优控制方法,建立并求解保险资金投资模型的HJB方程,获得了保险资金最优投资模型和有效边界的闭式解,并进行了数值模拟。结果显示,投资于风险证券的资金量与初始资本金并不是简单的正比例关系。 相似文献
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保险公司最优投资及再保险策略 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在最大化生存概率和最大化终止时蒯期望效用准则下,通过求解相应的HJB方程,获得了最优投资策略以及最优比例再保险策略的闭式解.这一研究结果易于实时操作,对投资者的决策有直接的指导意义. 相似文献
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Tatiana Belkina 《North American actuarial journal : NAAJ》2017,21(1):36-62
We study an optimal investment control problem for an insurance company. The surplus process follows the Cramer-Lundberg process with perturbation of a Brownian motion. The company can invest its surplus into a risk-free asset and a Black-Scholes risky asset. The optimization objective is to minimize the probability of ruin. We show by new operators that the minimal ruin probability function is a classical solution to the corresponding HJB equation. Asymptotic behaviors of the optimal investment control policy and the minimal ruin probability function are studied for low surplus levels with a general claim size distribution. Some new asymptotic results for large surplus levels in the case with exponential claim distributions are obtained. We consider two cases of investment control: unconstrained investment and investment with a limited amount. 相似文献
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Catastrophe bonds feature full collateralization of the underlying risk transfer and thus abandon the reinsurance principle of economizing on collateral through diversification of risk transfer. Our analysis demonstrates that this feature places limits on catastrophe bond penetration, even if the structure possesses frictional cost advantages over reinsurance. However, we also show that catastrophe bonds have important uses when buyers and reinsurers cannot contract over the division of assets in the event of insolvency and, more generally, cannot write contracts with a full menu of state‐contingent payments. In this environment, segregation of collateral—in the form of multiple reinsurance companies, as well as catastrophe bond vehicles—can ameliorate inefficiencies due to reinsurance contracting constraints by improving welfare for those exposed to default risk. Numerical simulation illustrates how catastrophe bonds improve efficiency in market niches with correlated risks, or with uneven exposure of buyers to reinsurer default. 相似文献
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网络信息安全保险已经成为企业转移安全风险的最主要工具之一,为了探索保险公司主动参与风险防范对网络安全水平的影响,本文设计了网络信息安全保险公司对被保险企业安全软件投资的均等、最重要和按比例三种策略机制,研究在强相依和弱相依的信息安全风险下保险公司在简单情形和复杂情形中的不同投资决策机制,及其对系统效用和风险的影响。研究结果表明,在保险公司投资被保险企业安全软件的三种投资策略下,相比被保险企业不购买保险,被保险企业购买保险可以显著地提高期望效用,并且整个系统的网络安全水平逐渐提高,但是整个系统的期望收益随着保险公司投资额的增加而降低。此外,在简单情形中,保险公司在不同的投资策略下存在不同的最优投资决策,且在均等投资策略和弱相依风险下系统各主体效用和风险水平均最高;在复杂情形中,在弱相依风险和最重要投资策略下整个系统具有较高的期望和较低的风险水平,说明复杂情形的网络信息安全保险系统存在涓滴效应。 相似文献
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Ken Seng Tan ASA CERA PhD Chengguo Weng Yi Zhang PhD 《North American actuarial journal : NAAJ》2013,17(4):459-482
Abstract It is well known that reinsurance can be an effective risk management tool for an insurer to minimize its exposure to risk. In this paper we provide further analysis on two optimal reinsurance models recently proposed by Cai and Tan. These models have several appealing features including (1) practicality in that the models could be of interest to insurers and reinsurers, (2) simplicity in that optimal solutions can be derived in many cases, and (3) integration between banks and insurance companies in that the models exploit explicitly some of the popular risk measures such as value-at-risk and conditional tail expectation. The objective of the paper is to study and analyze the optimal reinsurance designs associated with two of the most common reinsurance contracts: the quota share and the stop loss. Furthermore, as many as 17 reinsurance premium principles are investigated. This paper also highlights the critical role of the reinsurance premium principles in the sense that, depending on the chosen principles, optimal quota-share and stop-loss reinsurance may or may not exist. For some cases we formally establish the sufficient and necessary (or just sufficient) conditions for the existence of the nontrivial optimal reinsurance. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate our results. 相似文献
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《Finance Research Letters》2014,11(3):194-202
This paper studies the hedging performance of static replication approach proposed by Derman, Ergener, and Kani (DEK, 1995) for continuous barrier options under the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model of Cox (1975) and Cox and Ross (1976), and then focuses on how to improve the DEK method. Given the time-varying volatility feature of the CEV model, I show that the DEK static hedging portfolio exhibits serious mismatches of the theta values on the barrier, particularly when one of the component options of the portfolio is around the neighborhood of expiration, which primarily explains why static portfolio values are greater than zero on the barrier except at the matching points. The DEK method (hereafter, the improved DEK method) is improved by re-forming a static replication portfolio consisting of plain vanilla options and cash-or-nothing binary options with different maturities to match both the value-matching condition and the theta-matching condition on the barrier. The numerical analyses indicate that under the CEV model, the improved DEK method significantly reduces replication errors for an up-and-out call option. 相似文献
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Abstract A Markov-modulated risk process perturbed by diffusion is considered in this paper. In the model the frequencies and distributions of the claims and the variances of the Wiener process are influenced by an external Markovian environment process with a finite number of states. This model is motivated by the flexibility in modeling the claim arrival process, allowing that periods with very frequent arrivals and ones with very few arrivals may alternate. Given the initial surplus and the initial environment state, systems of integro-differential equations for the expected discounted penalty functions at ruin caused by a claim and oscillation are established, respectively; a generalized Lundberg’s equation is also obtained. In the two-state model, the expected discounted penalty functions at ruin due to a claim and oscillation are derived when both claim amount distributions are from the rational family. As an illustration, the explicit results are obtained for the ruin probability when claim sizes are exponentially distributed. A numerical example also is given for the case that two classes of claims are Erlang(2) distributed and of a mixture of two exponentials. 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider a portfolio optimization problem in a defaultable market. The representative investor dynamically allocates his or her wealth among the following securities: a perpetual defaultable bond, a money market account and a default-free risky asset. The optimal investment and consumption policies that maximize the infinite horizon expected discounted HARA utility of the consumption are explicitly derived. Moreover, numerical illustrations are also presented. 相似文献
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The aim of the paper is to support reinsurance executives who have to decide about an organizational framework structure for their enterprises. To provide the support a decision model is constructed that relieves the decision-makers of parts of their own modelling tasks. The model is formulated in set theoretic terms to connect it to the methodological basis of the structuralist philosophy of science and to prepare the ground for computer simulation. The central assumption of the model is that the quality of coordination is influenced by disruptive factors associated, most notably, with interdependencies between organizational units and the competence-based splitting of markets and resources. The utility creation of an organizational structure is consequently determined by its degree of success in alleviating these disruptive factors — since they cannot be avoided altogether. The outcome of the study is that critical attributes of the disruptive factors are identified and recommendations are formulated as to the organizational actions that should be taken in order to safeguard the desired attributes of these factors. 相似文献
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A reinsurance treaty involves two parties, an insurer and a reinsurer. The two parties have conflicting interests. Most existing optimal reinsurance treaties only consider the interest of one party. In this article, we consider the interests of both insurers and reinsurers and study the joint survival and profitable probabilities of insurers and reinsurers. We design the optimal reinsurance contracts that maximize the joint survival probability and the joint profitable probability. We first establish sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of the optimal reinsurance retentions for the quota‐share reinsurance and the stop‐loss reinsurance under expected value reinsurance premium principle. We then derive sufficient conditions for the existence of the optimal reinsurance treaties in a wide class of reinsurance policies and under a general reinsurance premium principle. These conditions enable one to design optimal reinsurance contracts in different forms and under different premium principles. As applications, we design an optimal reinsurance contract in the form of a quota‐share reinsurance under the variance principle and an optimal reinsurance treaty in the form of a limited stop‐loss reinsurance under the expected value principle. 相似文献
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实体经济风险在时序上先于系统性金融风险发生.本文综合分析系统性金融风险六个风险维度产生的影响,并选取2007年1月到2019年9月的数据进行识别.然后,基于主成分分析法与结构方差模型的原理对处理后的指标数据进一步审核,筛选出最能代表各维度风险的指标.对数据归一化取平均权重得到6个维度的风险值,采用独立性权重法合成系统性金融风险指标体系(CSIFR).通过实证分析刻画统计期间内系统性金融风险在不同时期的风险影响.研究表明,包含实体经济、影子银行、外部风险、货币政策、商业银行、经济周期六个维度的综合指数法可以较好地监测金融风险的变化情况,刻画系统性金融风险在不同时期的风险原因变化.根据研究结论,结合目前中国经济金融形式提出防范与控制系统性金融危机的监管建议及措施. 相似文献
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在现代商业、金融投资中,投资者总是希望实现收益最大化,然而投资是要承担风险的,收益与风险之间存在难以调和的矛盾,怎样兼顾两者,寻找切实可行的决策思想,是投资的收益和风险决策的一个重要问题.可以利用数学建模思想和方法,通过相应数学模型的建立和MATLAB求解,绘制出最优收益随风险度变化的趋势图,选择图中曲线的拐点作为最优... 相似文献
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This paper presents the willow tree algorithms for pricing variable annuities with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits (GMWB), where the underlying fund dynamics evolve under the Merton jump-diffusion process or constant-elasticity-of-variance (CEV) process. The GMWB rider gives the policyholder the right to make periodic withdrawals from his policy account throughout the life of the contract. The dynamic nature of the withdrawal policy allows the policyholder to decide how much to withdraw on each withdrawal date, or even to surrender the contract. For numerical valuation of the GMWB rider, we use willow tree algorithms that adopt more effective placement of the lattice nodes based on better fitting of the underlying fund price distribution. When compared with other numerical algorithms, like the finite difference method and fast Fourier transform method, the willow tree algorithms compute GMWB prices with significantly less computational time to achieve a similar level of numerical accuracy. The design of our pricing algorithm also includes an efficient search method for the optimal dynamic withdrawal policies. We perform sensitivity analysis of various model parameters on the prices and fair participating fees of the GMWB riders. We also examine the effectiveness of delta hedging when the fund dynamics exhibit various jump levels. 相似文献
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Derivatives valuation and risk management involve heavy use of quantitative models. To develop a quantitative assessment of model risk as it affects the basic option writing strategy that might be followed by a financial institution, we conduct an empirical simulation, with and without hedging, using data from 1976 to 1996. Results indicate that imperfect models and inaccurate volatility forecasts create sizable risk exposure for option writers. We consider to what extent the damage due to model risk can be limited by pricing options using a higher volatility than the best estimate from historical data. 相似文献