The effect of on-site experience and place attachment on loyalty: Evidence from Chinese tourists in a hot-spring resort

As an antecedent of place attachment, on-site experience plays a key role in obtaining customer loyalty in the context of a hot-spring resort operation. However, few studies have addressed the consequences of on-site experience in terms of its components and examined empirically the relationship between on-site experience and place attachment. This study was focused on ascertaining the dimensions of on-site experience and examining the relationship between on-site experience and loyalty through place attachment. A conceptualization of on-site experience is proposed, with three dimensions: environmental experience, on-site self-related experience, and on-site social interaction. The results revealed interesting relationships between components of on-site experience and place attachment. Finally, managerial implications of the results are discussed for managers of hot-spring resorts.     

Changing family dynamics: A force of change for the family-resort industry?

Families are an important market to the success of the destination resort industry. While previous research has focused on the consumer, a supply-side understanding of this market's impact is limited. To address these needs, an exploratory study examining changes in family amenities from the destination resort perspective was conducted. Owners/operators of family-oriented destination resorts (FODRs) were interviewed concerning changes in their family-oriented amenities (FOAs). Findings show that while consumers play the most significant role in driving resort change, multiple factors act as both barriers to and forces of change. Discussion and managerial implications concerning these forces and barriers are provided at the conclusion of the article.     

Atlantic City and the resort cycle background to the legalization of gambling

Stansfield, Charles A. Jr. “Atlantic City and the Resort Cycle: Background to the Legalization of Gambling”, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. V, No. 2, April/June 1978, pp. 238–251. Legalization of casino gambling in Atlantic City was politically feasible only following widespread voter recognition of the old resort's economic and social plight. The success of a statewide referendum was attributed to the concept that only a radical change in Atlantic City's crowd-attracting formula would be successful as it had become obsolescent as a resort partly due to changes in transport technology and recreation geography. There is an apparent cycle in the development, expansion, shift in socio-economic base of patronage, and decline of resorts; Atalantic City's century and a quarter existence is used as a case study of this resort cycle.     

英国传统海滨度假地衰退研究——综述与启示

笔者在文献研究的基础上,再现英国传统海滨度假地发展历程及其衰退研究的重要理论成果.英国传统海滨度假地已有两百多年的发展历史,20世纪70--80年代以来出现了广泛的衰退.文献研究发现,对于这一现象,早期研究主要围绕着旅游地生命周期模型,从目的地度假产品相对竞争力弱化角度给予解释.近年来的研究出现了新动向,即引入社学经济领域的转型理论,着重探讨度假地外部环境变化对度假地衰退的影响,认为度假地衰退是内外部复杂因素互动的结果.理论研究成果为政府促进度假地复兴的战略选择提供了依据.     

Buying a Piece of Paradise- A Case Study

ABSTRACT

The vacation ownership (timeshare) industry is the fastest growing segment in the hospitality industry. With this growth is the need to attain qualified managers and hospitality programs must ascertain the skills that are necessary to meet the demands of this market. The purpose of this study was to discover if there were any significant differences between traditional lodging managers and timeshare managers based upon a manager's knowledge, ability, and attitude related to their job duties. The study did discover some areas that were deemed more important to timeshare managers. These results could be used to help potential employees in the lodging industry discover what type of environment would best match their skill set.     

国家级旅游度假区的空间分异及影响因素

旅游度假区是近年来旅游消费转型升级的建设热点,从全局视角认识国家级旅游度假区的空间分布特征和影响因素对于优化中国度假旅游产业布局、促进度假区高质量发展,以及建设世界级度假区具有重要意义。本文在回顾中国旅游度假区发展历程的基础上,以2015—2020年45家国家级旅游度假区为数据基础,对其空间分布特征和影响因素进行了初步分析。研究表明：（1）当前国家级旅游度假区尚处于起步发展阶段,整体上呈现出东多西少、南多北少的空间分异格局;（2）国家级旅游度假区初步形成了“大分散、小集中”的集聚形态,呈现出以浙江、江苏为核心的“单核主导型”空间格局;（3）国家级旅游度假区的空间分布受到诸多自然因素和人文因素的共同作用,其中,资源禀赋是度假区空间分异的制约性因素,国家政策引导是度假区空间分异的关键性因素,市场发育程度是度假区供需格局差异的内在动力,假日制度直接影响度假者出行距离和目的地选择进而影响度假区空间分布,大型赛事活动是度假区空间分异的助推因素。据此为国家级旅游度假区空间格局优化和高质量发展提出相关建议,最后对当前及今后一段时间内中国旅游度假区高质量发展研究的相关问题进行了展望。     

我国中小型湖泊旅游度假区开发现状分析

我国130多个省级以上的旅游度假区,其中1/3为湖泊型的。经过11年的发展,大部分湖泊旅游度假区现已处于停滞阶段,少部分仍处于良性发展阶段。为什么会形成这样的现状?为什么我国湖泊的度假旅游难于发展呢?本文结合国内外的4个案例对此进行分析,指出了我国湖泊观光旅游的7个影响因素以及度假旅游发展的一些制约条件。     

三亚亚龙湾度假区开发管理模式研究及启示

三亚亚龙湾度假区是我国首批12个国家级度假区中,唯一一个采用企业化开发运营模式并获得成功的度假区.亚龙湾模式对于我国度假区管理体制探索和创新,以及新时期度假区开发管理有着积极的借鉴和示范意义.本文通过长期深入的案例调研,在掌握大量翔实的历史信息和访谈资料基础上,廓清了亚龙湾模式的核心特征,即企业主导开发.政府有限介入,政企沟通合作.研究有助于明确亚龙湾开发中政府和企业的权利边界和各自的角色定位,构建更为科学有效的度假区治理结构.文章同时指出了亚龙湾模式运行中出现的问题,并讨论了亚龙湾模式对于亚龙湾成功开发的作用及其适用性.     

度假酒店顾客体验的探索研究及实证启示

在顾客体验以及消费者行为学相关文献研究分析的基础上,本研究结合度假酒店的特点,通过运用结构方程模型研究理论和方法,构建了度假酒店顾客体验的理论模型,从而进一步探讨度假酒店顾客体验的本质表现、驱动因素及其造成影响的后果。研究结果表明,顾客体验理论模型中各变量之间的关系与假定完全符合。此次对度假酒店顾客的体验研究不仅填补了顾客体验理论实证研究的空白,而且还提出了全新的度假酒店体验管理理念。     

With or Without You? Building a Case for Further MICE (Meetings,Incentive Travel,Conventions, Exhibitions) Development in Macao

Macao's gross gaming revenues have increased considerably in the past decade since casino liberalization to more than 6 times that of the Las Vegas Strip (Nevada). Macao's global dominance in gaming revenues is in contrast to Macao's meetings, incentive travel, conventions, and exhibitions (MICE) development. With comparisons to the Las Vegas Strip model of a balance between gaming and conventions, Macao's MICE industry has not advanced in tandem with Macao's casino expansion. Macao's bolstering gaming revenues have presented little incentive for most gaming operators to move beyond, with conventions and exhibitions remaining on the fringes of hospitality offerings as a supporting unit to casino product positioning.

As the Cotai Strip enters its second wave of integrated resort construction an increasing number of MICE, as well as other nongaming venues, will be included within the resort designs. A key vision behind casino liberalization, as well as an expressed wish by the Chinese authorities, is for Macao to diversify its tourism portfolio to include more MICE development. Examining Macao's casino tourism growth trajectory, this article suggests this limited growth in MICE could continue. Isolating key limiting factors, strategic actions are presented in the paper as approaches to further involve and potentially advance MICE development along Macao's Cotai Strip.     

Australian resort timesharing

This article summarizes only some of the various aspects of Australian resort timesharing as disclosed through a survey based on the perception of developers of all projects operational in mainland Australia as at 30 June 1982.     

Tourism climatic condition over PDR Korea

ABSTRACT

Climatic condition has a remarkable influence on tourism activity. This paper evaluates the tourism climatic condition over DPR Korea applying Tourism Climate Index (TCI). Results show that (1) climate of present resorts is favorable to tourism from mid-April to early October, with TCI scores for most of them well above 70 (very good) from mid-April to late June; (2) seven key tourism resorts have a very good tourism climatic condition, with Mt Guwol, Sariwon, Nampo and Pyongyang at a higher TCI score; (3) six proposed sites have higher TCIs during warm season, and tourism industry could be planed and developed.     

Hypotheses concerning the development of Polish spas in the years 1949–2006

This research focuses on an analysis of the development of Polish spas and their life cycles. The author discusses hypotheses on the development of Polish spas to contribute to existing knowledge and an evolutionary model of spas. These concepts are based on Butler's model of the tourist area cycle of evolution in order to describe individual stages in the development of the domestic market of spas. The author analyzes the development of Polish spas in the period 1949–2006 by considering the data (statistical and nonstatistical) that relate to health tourism and historical events of this period.     

试论主题山水及其构思与营建

针对自然景观旅游地目前存在的诸多问题,借鉴“主题公园”的构建理念,本文提出“主题山水”的建设方法。认为应当在山水自然景观的开发、建设和经营管理中,提炼或塑造出一个适当的文化主题作为引力源;即在对自然山水景观的本底进行严格保育并使其自身的生态机能向良性方向发展的基础上,发掘或赋予其具有较高审美价值的文化因素作为整个旅游地的文化主题,景区内部的实体环境建设、无形氛围营造以及游程和解说系统均围绕这一主题展开,并以之作为旅游管理部门或企业的整体形象和经营理念,向外传播。并具体阐述了构建“主题山水”的思路和方法,包括深化、扩展和移植三种。     

Modeling community support for a proposed integrated resort project

In recent years Mauritius has experienced a rapid increase in integrated resort developments, which have been intended to secure income from new tourism segments and to boost the local economy. Using data on the responses of residents of Le Morne, Mauritius, to a proposal to construct an integrated resort, this study develops and tests a model of community support for the proposed development. The structural model indicates that residents' satisfaction with their own community, their utilization of the resource base, their perceptions of the state of the local economy and their environmental attitudes are antecedents of their views about the costs and benefits of the project. Opinions about the benefits and costs of the project were also found to determine the level of community support. All factors in the model were found to be determinants of the perceived costs and benefits of the project, except for residents' perceptions of the impact of the development on their utilization of the resource base. The theoretical and managerial implications of the study are discussed. The most notable contribution of the study is its findings on the influence of residents' satisfaction with community services on their attitudes and support for tourism development.     

旅游度假地规划特点及现有规划设计规程的适用性研究

本文通过对旅游度假地规划特点和现有规划设计规程适用性的研究,论述了旅游度假地规划设计规程研究的紧迫性和重要性,同时提出了旅游度假地规划设计规程的研究框架.     

Using ski destination choice criteria to segment Finnish ski resort customers

The purpose of the paper is to segment Finnish ski resort visitors according to ski destination choice attributes using data-driven segmentation. In addition, segments are compared in order to ascertain possible differences in personal (gender and age) and situation-specific (type of visitor and traveling companion) characteristics between customer segments. The data were collected from visitors to five different ski resorts in Lapland Finland during the years 2006 and 2007 by self-administered questionnaire. Altogether 1827 responses were collected of which 1529 were acceptable for use in this study. Six different customer segments were identified using the factor-cluster method: passive tourists, cross-country skiers, want-it-all, all-but-downhill skiing, sports seekers, and relaxation seekers. At the end of the paper conclusions are drawn and managerial implications discussed.     

Taxing international tourism in West Africa

West Africa mass tourism focuses on Scandinavian, European, and United States tourists taking beach holidays during the winter months. Beach resort hotels seeking to attract international tourists are in a monopolistically competitive market structure. Localities, rather unsuccessfully, attempt to differentiate the sun/fun package which they offer from those of their competitors. Prices are locked into a small price range. In West Africa a general export tax rate of 10 to 15 percent of total tourist expenditures is incorporated in the industry's cost structure. The impact of adding two types of resort hotel taxes is considered: land taxes (lump sum) and bednight taxes (unit). An increase in hotel land taxes will not change the price or bednights offered by hotels. They will continue to operate at their initial output and price position. Whereas, added bednight taxes are an addition to unit cost and, therefore, will effect the output level and result in a new, slightly higher price and fewer hotel guests.