Process and product R&D by a multiproduct monopolist

It is shown that the claim in Lambertini that a multiproductmonopolist's incentive for process R&D declines with thenumber of products it offers is incorrect. This incentive isin fact an increasing function of the number of products inhis model. I further extend the model of Lambertini to showthat whether or not process R&D incentive and the numberof varieties are positively related depends on the degree ofscope economies in process R&D. Product innovation promotesprocess R&D if the degree of such scope economies is high(as in Lambertini), and discourages it if the degree of scopeeconomies is low.     

感恩:9米画卷献给卓琳校长——教师节,人民小学24位小画家谈感恩

尊师重教历来为中国民间、政府重视。教师节前夕,本刊记者采访了重庆市“小学教育专家”人民小学。值得欣慰的是,人民小学没有让记者失望——在把教学质量办到NO。1的前提下,尊师重教所做出的努力也得到了同行认可和社会赞誉,比如,他们以实际行动,为人民小学首任校长卓琳绘制一幅9米长的画卷。画卷上,有人民小学的新校貌;有孩子们在大树下背读唐诗;有生龙活虎的小男生正在操场上百米冲刺……丁继泉,人民小学现任校长。当她赶到北京,亲自把画卷展现给卓琳校长时,卓琳校长惊喜了。同时,她更像一位考古学家,目光不放过画上的每一个角落。“在‘马背’生涯创办的人民小学,背后有许多艰辛。卓校长在艰苦环境下坚持办学,作为她事业的接班人,我只有更好的工作才对得起她。我们这学校的孩子们,不但好好学习,还想着怎样向卓校长感恩!”9月2日,丁继泉接受记者采访时,一向开朗的她有了些许凝重。     

Formally modeling a gender-segregated economy: A reply to Campbell and Warner

Campbell and Warner contend that there are two major problems with my presentation of a formal structure for analysis of a gender-segregated low-income economy in an earlier issue of this journal. Their first argument that there is no explicit treatment of women negotiating their wage is unimportant. Their second argument is correct; my construction of the male's decision-making process is underspecified, precluding an internal maximization solution. Two options for formalization are advanced that make an internal maximization solution feasible.     

Comment on 'Market discipline and monetary policy' by Carl Walsh: a reply

In their interesting paper, Fabia de Carvalho and MaurícioBugarin alter the informational assumptions I employed in Walsh(2000) and discuss how this change affects the results reportedin my paper. The structure of the underlying model I used, and therefore     

Rehabilitating the guilds: a reply

This article examines Epstein's attempt to rehabilitate pre-modern craft guilds by criticizing my German case study. It demonstrates that his criticisms are baseless and his assertions about European guilds unsupported. Long survival does not establish the efficiency or aggregate economic benefits of any institution. Contrary to rehabilitation views, craft guilds adversely affected quality, skills, and innovation. Guild rent-seeking imposed deadweight losses on the economy and generated no demonstrable positive externalities. Industry flourished where guilds decayed. Despite impairing efficiency, guilds persisted because they redistributed resources to powerful groups. The 'rehabilitation' view of guilds is theoretically contradictory and empirically untenable.     

The two sterling crises of 1964: a reply to Oliver

Oliver's Comment on my recent article challenges my argument that there were two sterling crises in the autumn of 1964. He argues that there was one only and that the Labour government mishandled it. Oliver has, however, reached these conclusions on the basis of a partial reading of the evidence and a failure to grasp how the changing international context imposed constraints on national economic sovereignty.     

“股神”林园躲猫猫

不进行股票交易,不关注大盘走势,股市熊途漫漫,一度被誉为“股神”的林园选择了像乌龟一样“冬眠”     

软件研发绩效管理研究——以某从事行业项目软件研发的企业为例

文章是以某从事行业项目软件研发的企业为例,说明一个具有一定代表性的软件研发绩效管理的具体案例。文章通过结合具体案例,对软件研发绩效管理各主要组成内容都逐一予以说明,并给出具体的条款设置建议和示例描述,对于需重点注意的事项也做了提示和说明。文章不但可为从事行业项目的企业制定软件研发绩效管理方案提供有益的参考,也可为一般企业制定研发类绩效管理方案提供一定的参考思路。     

The frequency of wars: reply to Gleditsch and Pickering

We show that the frequency of bilateral militarized conflicts between independent states has indeed been rising steadily over the last century. We show that this finding is not driven by any selection bias in our data but a fact that needs to be explained. Finally we highlight our main contribution, namely that state formation and the capacity to fight are at the heart of the observed upward trend in conflicts.