产品性能和互补性对创新扩散的影响——协调博弈论模型在技术创新扩散中的应用

根据协调博弈模型,通过创新特征(产品性能、互补性)来刻画创新扩散阈值函数,并根据该创新扩散阈值来分析和讨论不同特征对创新扩散阈值的影响。     

技术创新扩散的影响因素分析

技术创新扩散是技术经济学中一个非常重要的概念,文章从潜在的采用者,供给者,技术创新本身所具有的市场特征等三方面入手,对影响技术创新扩散的市场因素作了深刻的分析。     

关于“技术创新扩散方程”的进一步探讨

<正>技术创新扩散是技术创新通过一定的渠道在潜在使用者之间传播采用的过程。由于技术创新对生产率的影响,是依赖于它在潜在采用企业中扩散的速度与范围。因此,技术创新扩散理论是技术创新理论的重要组成部分。在《技术创新扩散方程》中对技术创新扩散速度进行了讨论,本文将对基本S型扩散曲线N（t）关于拐点的对称性进行讨论,给出了理论证明,同时对费雪尔——普莱模型及特性给出有关证明。     

论技术创新市场的扩散机制

本文认为技术创新是处于不断循环递进的市场扩散过程,并对技术创新的市场扩散机制的分类进行探讨,进而提出高技术市场扩散趋向动力机制及转移模式。     

技术创新扩散速度研究

技术创新扩散是技术创新通过一定的渠道在潜在使用之间传播采用的过程。由于技术创新对生产率的影响，是依赖于它在潜在采用企业中扩散的速度与范围。因此，技术创新扩散理论是技术创新理论的重要组成部分。     

市场因素对技术创新扩散的影响

技术创新扩散是技术经济学中一个非常重要的概念,从潜在采用者,供给者、技术创新本身所具有的市场特性等三方面入手,对影响技术创新扩散的市场因素作了深刻的分析。     

基于政府管理的技术创新扩散激励机制研究

政府与技术创新扩散企业之间是一种委托——代理关系，表现出若干激励冲突。政府通过政策组合和优化市场环境管理手段可以有效地抑制或弱化这些冲突的发生。在分析政府与技术创新扩散主体之间的激励冲突的基础上，对政府管理的政策激励机制和市场激励机制进行了研究，从政策激励和市场激励两方面构建了基于政府管理的技术创新扩散激励机制。     

发掘社会资本促进技术创新扩散

技术创新扩散是社会性过程。将社会资本概念应用于对技术创新扩散过程的研究，将深化对其的认识和理解：发掘社会资本，采取有效措施激活社会资本，能促进技术创新扩散。     

复杂网络下产业转移与区域技术创新扩散影响关系研究

在对产业转移与区域技术创新扩散的复杂网络结构进行分析的基础上,结合复杂网络和采纳阈值模型等相关理论,以技术类型为调节变量,构建了基于产业转移的区域技术创新扩散仿真模型,并借助Netlogo仿真平台进行了仿真分析。结果表明,产业转移规模、创新程度及信息整合与技术创新扩散速度均呈正向相关关系,但在技术创新扩散深度上,受阈值机制的影响,二者关系呈现阶段性变化规律,且在不同的技术类型情况下,转移产业规模、创新程度及信息整合对技术创新扩散深度的影响也存在差异性特征。最后为产业转移和区域经济管理者提出了相关对策建议。     

企业技术创新扩散的内部影响因素分析

技术创新已成为一个国家和企业生存和发展的决定性因素,而技术创新的真正意义在于技术创新扩散,文章首先提出企业技术创新扩散的内涵与作用,然后分析了企业的组织结构、人力资源状况、企业文化、市场营销能力等内部因素对企业技术创新扩散的影响。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.     

Duplication, Growth and ‘Total Return Economics’

Maintenance consumption is an expense recovered in product prices, yet also a source of taste satisfaction which must be exhausted, rather than reinvested, from the capital affording it. This riddle is solved in the duplication rules: the cost of maintenance consumption is recovered in pay and prices, but an equal flow is exhausted from the human capital of the worker earning the pay. The rules impact tradition in several ways. If output is defined in principle as value added, then it cannot also be described as consumption plus net investment without double-counting the maintenance consumption recovered in prices. Also rate of return in the stationary state is not zero, but is the rate sufficient to offset the exhaustion of individual human capital. The rules lead to new insights into economic return, and support an argument that all growth at the scale of closure is due to productivity gain rather than to thrift.