The Fiction of Neutral Inflation

Though less frequent with the years, intermittent calls for 'reflation' to stimulate the economy can occasionally still be heard from Keynesian economists and politicians. Eli Schwartz, Professor of Economics at Leghigh University, Pennsylvania, examines the effects of inflation, anticipated and unanticipated, on participants in the economy. Professor Schwartz argues that, in spite of the short-term political benefits, the longer-term costs are so high that less myopic politicians may perceive the electoral advantages in tackling inflation.     

基于多网页信息隐藏算法研究

利用网页来传递秘密信息,为了保护信息不被攻击,针对现有的网页信息隐藏技术隐藏量较少、鲁棒性差和隐蔽性差等缺陷,本文提出了一种新的结合多网页隐藏信息的方法,将隐藏信息以二值图像应用于网页隐藏中。实验证明,该方法较好的隐藏性和安全性,具有较高的使用价值。     

Facts, Fiction, and the Fourth Estate

A bstract .   This paper examines the reaction of the market to news that the Washington Post had won a Pulitzer Prize for a story that was demonstrably false. The reaction to the stock price of the Post as well as the stock prices of other newspapers is examined using dummy variables for two days, four days, and six days. The results show that while the decline in the Post 's stock price was relatively small, the t-statistics for all of the dummy variables are significant. The paper also examines the McChesney (1987 ) hypothesis that the nature of the newspaper business is such that it is difficult for the residual claimants of the paper to receive the financial gains of important news stories. These rents, he points out, are distributed to others. We look to see whether or not residual claimants of that newspaper can be harmed if that newspaper publishes a false story and receives large amounts of bad publicity for its error.     

网页应用中的大文件上传软件开发研究

文章根据实际B/S系统中需要大文件上传的需求,提出了一种解决方案并设计了实现上传的软件。该软件可以直接通过网页超链接打开,能接收通过超链接传递的网页参数,可实现多文件上传、文件夹上传及大容量文件上传功能,该软件界面简单、友好,上传速度快,具有良好的安全性和可靠性,满足了B/S系统上传操作的要求。     

风险评估与风险管理合二为一

·不论采用什么方法,ISO标准要求采用风险评估战略·ISO标准审核员期望见到目标、反馈、纠正措施、后续活劝、管理评审和持续改进·把上述措施结合在一起,就能具备风险管理以及可信任的ISO标准实施     

两个完美匹配

为实现人与组织的协同发展,企业在“选、用、培、留”人才时,都应充分实现岗位设置在两个层次上的匹配:岗位与业务的匹配,即,根据组织业务发展的需要,进行合理的岗位配置,实现“因需而设”;人员与岗位的匹配,即,考虑人员在岗位上的匹配状况,做到“因才适岗”。     

两起雷击伤亡事故分析

通过对两起雷击事故深入分析,得到了输电线路附近和土壤电阻率畸变处易遭受雷击的规律,并探讨了该现象的原因。同时,本文讨论了雷电引起跨步电压的成因和危害,进而解释了为何同一次雷击事故会造出有人伤亡而有人却安然无恙?最后依据雷电的典型值,定量分析了雷击的安全距离。     

Two families of kurtosis measures

Two families of kurtosis measures are defined as K ₁(b)=E[ab ^−|z|] and K ₂(b)=E[a(1−|z|^b)] where z denotes the standardized variable and a is a normalizing constant chosen such that the kurtosis is equal to 3 for normal distributions. K ₂(b) is an extension of Stavig's robust kurtosis. As with Pearson's measure of kurtosis β₂=E[z ⁴], both measures are expected values of continuous functions of z that are even, convex or linear and strictly monotonic in ℜ⁻ and in ℜ⁺. In contrast to β₂, our proposed kurtosis measures give more importance to the central part of the distribution instead of the tails. Tests of normality based on these new measures are more sensitive with respect to the peak of the distribution. K ₁(b) and K ₂(b) satisfy Van Zwet's ordering and correlate highly with other kurtosis measures such as L-kurtosis and quantile kurtosis. RID="*" ID="*"  The authors thank the referees for their insightful comments that significantly improved the clarity of the article.     

Two definitions of correlated equilibrium

Correlated equilibrium constitutes one of the basic solution concepts for static games with complete information. Actually two variants of correlated equilibrium are in circulation and have been used interchangeably in the literature. Besides the original notion due to Aumann (1974), there exists a simplified definition typically called canonical correlated equilibrium or correlated equilibrium distribution. It is known that the original and the canonical version of correlated equilibrium are equivalent from an ex-ante perspective. However, we show that they are actually distinct – both doxastically as well as behaviourally – from an interim perspective. An elucidation of this difference emerges in the reasoning realm: while Aumann’s correlated equilibrium can be epistemically characterized by common belief in rationality and a common prior, canonical correlated equilibrium additionally requires the condition of one-theory-per-choice. Consequently, the application of correlated equilibrium requires a careful choice of the appropriate variant.     

经济预测之两方法

经济预测是决策不可缺少的重要依据。本以所收集的三个实际问题为例，阐释了季节波动法、马尔可夫链法在经济预测中的具体应用。     

两分两换:嘉兴快速稳健推进新型城市化的理性选择

本文从我国城市化迅速发展但质量不高的现实出发,以嘉兴市为例,分析其经济社会发展状况和城市化面临的问题,介绍嘉兴两分两换内涵以及规划先导、制度创新、资金保障等主要推进策略.最后分析嘉兴两分两换的城市化意义,指出我国城市化已进入新的发展阶段,需要更深刻认识并加以快速推进;新型城市化必须依靠制度创新,因地制宜,稳健推...     

城市形象战略的两大属性

本文分析了城市形象战略的理论和现实发展状况 ,提出了城市形象战略的两个重要属性 :系统性和可持续发展性 ;指出了城市形象战略构架和建设中应该注意在这两方面作深层的考虑     

客户关系管理的两点异议

客户关系管理(CRM)是当今商家一个很时髦的词汇,但人们对客户和客户关系管理的理解有一些偏颇.作者对客户和客户关系管理的涵义提出新的看法,以期建立起客户关系管理知识的基石.     

黎卡提方程的两种变换

将黎卡提方程dy/dx+ay2=bxmm=0,-2,-4k/2k+1,-k4/2k-1,(k=1,2,…),通过适当的变换化为变量分离的方程;将黎卡提方程dy/dx=p(x)y2+q(x)y+r(x),通过适当的变换化为u'=r2+f(x)的形式。