Race: China’s Question and Problem

Race poses a challenge to the ruling Communist Party of China. Contemporary news reports about China’s relationship with various African states warn of a reestablishment of 19th century colonial relations, with China standing in the shoes of England or France. When indictments of neo-colonialism are promoted, China recalls a historical brotherhood with African states under the banner of Third World solidarity. This paper attempts to shed light on both sides of this argument, demonstrating that for China, the issue of race in foreign relations poses both a question of motives and a problem of national identity.     

Does transfer of control rights and private benefits of control increase efficiency? Evidence from China’s privatization of the SOE’s

This study assesses China’s overall privatization efficiency from the perspective of private benefits of control. Results suggest that there is no statistically significant change in the firm’s performance after the transfer. However, ROE is negatively correlated with the magnitude of block premiums at the point of purchase. The research also finds that the average private benefit of a private controlling shareholder is significantly higher than that of a state-controlling shareholder. Obtaining private benefits of control is often the private buyers’ main acquisition motive. However, private benefit undermines the future corporate performance; therefore, lowering the private benefits may help improve the efficiency of privatization. As of now, privatization by means of controlling right transfer among listed companies is inefficient in China.     

Dynamics of Russia’s competitive positions on foreign markets

The article considers main trends in the competitive positions of Russia on foreign markets by product groups on the basis of UN foreign trade statistics across the period 2002–2011. A summary rating of the export competitiveness of Russian manufacturers is developed and calculated by product groups, based on several indicators: export growth, changes in the unit value of exported products, as well as the trade imbalance coefficient. Changes in trends in the postcrisis period are emphasized.     

Study on the Management System of Enterprise＇s Scientific and Technical Innovation

Science innovation is the important context of establishing modem enterprise system and the key to an enterprise is to keep the competitive superiority in markets. This article not only studies managing system and running mechanism of an enterprise constructing science innovative system, but also puts forward the conducive models including two levels, four systems and seven running mechanisms of building decisive management.     

Viability and the Development of China’s Capital Markets

I. Some Facts about Chinas Capital MarketsThe official stock markets of Mainland China were set up in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectivelyin1990 and 1991. The original intent was to improve the reform of Chinas SOEs. Theoretically,it was held that absence of owner is the main problem of SOEs; after being listed, the smallshareholders who buy stocks with their own money will care about the value of their assets, sothey will actively supervise the listed enterprises managers and thus the gov…     

Assessment of national economic implications arising from the establishment of the common economic space and Ukraine’s accession to it

The increased economic opportunities for the former Soviet countries made it possible to intensify significantly the integration processes in the post-Soviet space. These circumstances call for a quantitative evaluation of the economic implications arising from the closer integration between Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Ukraine. This article employs a scenario-based analytical approach to the analysis of the impact made by the formation of the common economic space and Ukraine??s accession to it both at macroeconomic and sectoral levels.     

Accession of the people’s republic of china

The Ministerial Conference Decision of 10 NOV.2001 Having regard to paragraph 2 of Article Ⅻ and paragraph 1 of Article Ⅸ of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, and the Decision—Making Procedures under Articles Ⅸ and Ⅻ of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization agreed by the General Council (WT/L/93). Taking note of the application 0f the People‘s Republic of China for accession to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organiza-     

On the Development of Russia’s Information and Communication Technologies Ecosystem

A quantitative model of Russia’s information and communication technologies (ICT) ecosystem has been proposed that describes the main relationships between its participants, as well as the impact of environmental factors on the functioning of the ICT ecosystem. Based on the model, we have assessed the long-term (until 2030) potential for the development of Russia’s ICT sector in the case of the state’s active and stimulating strategy and the formation of an advanced system of institutions. We have also evaluated the contribution of the ICT sector to the macroeconomic dynamics while implementing the target scenario.     

Processes and mechanisms of the long-term development of Russia’s construction materials complex

The paper considers the development mechanisms of the Russian construction materials complex and their role in its future. The means of efficient accumulation of capital are discussed within the inertial and constructive options of economic growth. Special attention is paid to problems of import substitution and added value of materials, as well as methods of their solution in the changing macroeconomic environment.     

Law of the People’s Republic of China on Bid Invitation and Bidding

在中华人民共和国招标投标法施行一周年之际,应广大读者要求,本刊发表《中华人民共和国招标投标法》英文译本,供读者参考。在使用时应以全国人民代表大会审议通过的中文版为准。     

Review of the EU’s Preliminary Assessment of China’s Market Economy Status

I. Introduction In late June 2004, the EUmade a decision on its Preliminary Assessment of the People’s Republic of China’s Request for Graduation to Market Economy Statusin Trade DefenseInvestigations. This preliminary result came out after China lodged the request in June2003. The EU assessment report holdsthatbefore it can be granted thestatus, China needsto make substantialprogress in fourfields:government intervention, corporate governance,property and bankruptcy laws, and the f…     

Long-Term Development Trend of China’s Economy and Importance of the Circular Economy

In 2003, China’seconomy grew at a rateof over 9 percent with per capita GDP hittingUS$ 1,090 for the first time, which means that China’s economy and socialdevelopment have entered a high-growth cycle characterized by rapid structuralchanges. However, this round of high growth is based on resources and an ecologicalenvironment completely different from those of twenty five years ago. Based on ananalysis of the new features of future economic development in China, as well as theresource an…     

Race,Quality of Care and Patient Outcomes: What Can We Learn from the Department of Veterans Affairs?

The large and persistent differences in health outcomes between African Americans and whites have sometimes been attributed to differences in the quality of the facilities in which they receive care. A large body of literature documents systematically worse performance by facilities which serve a larger share of black patients. However, these estimates may be biased by unobserved variables which correlate with the racial profile of the clinic and also affect outcomes. This paper uses a unique dataset from the Department of Veterans’ Affairs system to examine the relationship between the quality of health care and the racial profile of the patient population in an equal-access health care system. An instrumental variable is used to overcome the omitted variable bias in the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates. Both the OLS and IV estimates show that increasing the proportion of visits by African–American patients results in improved outcomes for all patients treated at the clinic. The OLS results significantly underestimate the effect of increasing the proportion of black patients. Holding the overall clinic load constant and adding one hundred outpatient visits by African Americans in a year would result in a 0.5 percentage point decrease in 1-year mortality for the average patient in the clinic. Thus, contrary to results from the private health care sector, increasing clinic racial integration in an equal access system would benefit all patients.     

Transformation of the reproductive mechanism of the world economy and prospects for Russia’s socioeconomic development

The article substantiates the author??s view on the basic principles underlying the reproductive mechanism of the global economy. It shows the degree of specificity and consistency of the reproductive mechanism of the Russian economy in comparison with the global model. An evaluation is performed of the opportunities and conditions for a transition to Russia??s accelerated economic development and modernization of its productive apparatus.     

On forecasting the relations between the People’s Republic of China and the United States

The article discusses the prospects of relations between China and the United States compared to the relations that have taken place between the superpowers of the United States and the Soviet Union. A comparison of relations between the two pairs of superpowers is made in the article based on the following parameters: the interaction of the superpowers in economic and financial sectors, the struggle for the world’s mineral resources, relations in the strategic nuclear sphere, naval rivalry, relationship in the land theaters, and conflicts in cyberspace.     

Causes of people’s death in peacetime and economic assessment of the value of losses

The paper gives information on the number of people, who died and were injured as a result of external causes in Russia. Traffic accidents, plane crashes, terrorism, and emergencies worsen the demographic situation in Russia, which is unfavorable even without it, and also creates severe economic consequences. An assessment of the value of lives lost due to mortality from accidents is presented.