对中、韩、日三国农产品贸易争端的剖析及对策建言

中国加入WTO,中、韩、日三国之间的农产品贸易领域进一步扩大,同时其贸易争端也与日俱增.尤其是蔬菜、水果等农产品的双边贸易摩擦日益加剧.面对中、韩、日三国农产品贸易形势的新变化,中国应当审时度势,加快农业技术引进,增加农产品的科技含量,从而提高农产品质量和国际竞争力,并采取各种灵活措施应对可能出现的贸易摩擦,将会更好的维护本国产业的合法利益.     

发挥政府的促进作用把广东建成农业贸易强省

农产品出口是衡量一个国家或地区农业竞争力的重要指标之一。广东是农业贸易大省,但要成为农产品贸易强省,政府在“十一五”期间,要为企业创造有利的政策环境,促进广东省的农业贸易强省建设。     

中国-东盟贸易自由化对我国农产品出口的影响及对策

随着中国与东盟贸易自由化的深入发展,双方农业贸易的发展与合作对经济的促进和贡献越来越明显和重要。基于双方国家农业互补性、竞争性因素的客观存在,双方贸易自由化对我国农产品出口影响深远,应充分发挥我国农产品比较优势,促进中国对东盟农产品的出口。     

WTO框架下农产品贸易的规则分析

我国加入世界贸易组织近一年来，入世有助于减少农业生产领域的行政干预和扭曲，有助于我国农业依据比较优势原则进行结构调整，促进我国具有竞争优势农产品出口的增长，入世也会对我国农业生产带来冲击，我们应尽快熟悉WTO框架体系下的农产品贸易规则，运用的其为我国农产品贸易服务，促进我国农产品贸易的发展。     

中国对中亚五国农产品出口贸易发展水平研究——基于“一带一路”倡议及灰色关联度分析

本文基于出口贸易规模、出口贸易结构、出口贸易竞争力三方面的描述统计,采用灰色关联度分析方法评价中国对中亚五国农产品出口贸易发展水平。研究发现:中国对中亚五国农产品出口贸易规模呈扩大趋势,出口贸易结构不断优化,贸易潜力巨大,出口贸易竞争力在哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦三国具有比较优势,在塔吉克斯坦、土库曼斯坦两国不具有比较优势;出口贸易发展水平较高,不同时段和时点变化特征明显。因此,中国与中亚五国应积极开展农业经贸合作,优化农业结构和贸易结构,统筹利用国际国内两个市场,不断提高农产品贸易发展水平。     

浅淡"以农为本"的农产品出口贸易发展对策

对于一个农业大国来说,农产品出口应该"以农为本",即带动农村劳动力就业,促进农民增收,提升农业竞争力.近年来,发达国家采取了很多有效措施,农产品出口的"以农为本"绩效十分显著.为此,我们应该借鉴发达国家的经验,促进农产品出口贸易持续稳定发展强化市场观念,培养市场理念,使农民参与期货交易,规避农业市场风险;加强农业科技开发和推广应用,提高农业的国际竞争力;建立和完善农产品出口促进机制;在主要贸易伙伴国建立农产品出口行业协会,协调和促进农产品出口;加大补贴力度,提高补贴效率,切实增加农民收入.     

中国与东盟农产品贸易比较优势实证分析

农产品贸易在中国与东盟的双边贸易中是一个重要组成部分，而CAFTA的建设又将农业定为重点合作领域之一。本文基于比较优势理论，利用ECA指数分析双方的农产品贸易情况，以此提出促进双方农产品贸易发展的建议。     

中国农产品贸易影响因素研究

改革开放以来,农产品贸易一直推动着中国农业的发展。中国农产品贸易所创造的利益对中国经济发展具有举足轻重的作用。虽然近几年中国农产品贸易增长很快,但是也面临着许多问题。文章主要结合中国经济发展的现状,对影响中国农产品贸易的一些因素进行分析,并从中国农产品贸易现状出发,提出几点建议,从而实现促进中国农产品贸易发展以及中国经济整体发展的目标。     

浅谈“以农为本”的农产品出口贸易发展对策

对于一个农业大国来说,农产品出口应该“以农为本”,即带动农村劳动力就业,促进农民增收,提升农业竞争力.近年来,发达国家采取了很多有效措施,农产品出口的“以农为本”绩效十分显著.为此,我们应该借鉴发达国家的经验,促进农产品出口贸易持续稳定发展：强化市场观念,培养市场理念,使农民参与期货交易,规避农业市场风险;加强农业科技开发和推广应用,提高农业的国际竞争力;建立和完善农产品出口促进机制;在主要贸易伙伴国建立农产品出口行业协会,协调和促进农产品出口;加大补贴力度,提高补贴效率,切实增加农民收入.     

中国—东盟农产品贸易发展影响因素及对策

本文通过分析中国与东盟国家之间农产品贸易的发展现状,从外部环境研究影响其发展的利弊因素,给出促进双边农产品贸易发展的粗浅建议.研究表明中国与东盟农产品贸易总量增长迅速但占贸易总额较小,有较大发展空间.为了促进双边农产品贸易持续健康发展,中国应发挥资源互补优势,加强和深化双边农业合作,提高农产品附加值,缩小贸易逆差.政府要时刻警惕各种威胁因素,及时调整贸易政策,以保证双边农产品贸易健康发展.     

中日韩贸易合作:历史、现状及特点

中日韩三国作为东北亚的核心国家,其贸易合作经历了一个由民间主导到政府推动的变化过程。总地来看,三国的贸易规模逐年增大,贸易结构互补与竞争共存,贸易依存日趋紧密。目前,三国的贸易关系表现出贸易关系紧密且互补与竞争并存、合作愿望加大但阻碍因素仍然存在、功能合作为主的特点。     

日韩贸易摩擦的原因、影响及趋势分析

日本对出口韩国的生产半导体零部件的3种核心原材料采取管制措施,其根本目的在于掌握半导体乃至高技术领域的主导权。出口管制实施后,部分日本企业试图通过拓展其他国家市场来弥补因对韩出口管制造成的损失,也有些企业计划在海外设厂以便避开政府管制向韩国供应原材料。出口管制还导致日本产品在韩遭到抵制、韩国赴日游客锐减等。韩国通过半导体核心部件国产化、进口来源地多元化等对策,在一定程度上减少了贸易制裁对半导体行业的负面影响,使日本被迫放宽出口管制。由于日韩处于半导体全球价值链分工不同环节中,存在紧密的"一荣俱荣,一损俱损"的依存关系,因此,日韩贸易摩擦的缓和存在内在必然性。另外,RCEP签署以及中日韩自贸区谈判等外部因素会进一步促进日韩贸易关系改善。     

中日韩自由贸易区的构想与难题

中日韩自由贸易区的构想，是在东亚国家地区主义意识觉醒、区内贸易不断扩大以及中日韩三国经贸联系日趋紧密条件下提出的。然而，要想使构想转化为现实，还有待于诸如农产品市场开放、政治互信及主导权等诸多棘手问题的解决。     

中日韩自由贸易区构建探析

尽管中日韩之间目前仍存在诸多阻碍区域合作的因素,但三国经济合作潜力大、经贸关系日益密切,为中日韩自由贸易区的建立奠定了现实基础。     

中韩农产品贸易自由化及其对策研究

中韩实行农产品自由贸易既有利于中韩自由贸易区的建立,又符合中韩两国的长远利益,因此中韩两国有着实行农产品贸易自由化的必要性。但是,还有一系列的障碍摆在这个问题之前,它们主要来自韩国方面的担忧,如产业冲击、粮食安全、政治风险等。解决这些障碍需要中韩两国政府和人民的共同努力。     

全球化背景的加工贸易模式和发展历程观察

对墨西哥、新加坡、日本、韩国、印度5个国家和我国的苏州、珠三角地区以及重庆加工贸易模式发展历程和特色效益的分析表明,由于各个国家和地区自身资源禀赋和技术条件等方面存在差异,在不同的历史阶段,面对不同的国际政治经济环境,采取不完全相同的经济发展战略和政策,各种加工贸易模式具有各自的特点。     

Economic integration in northeast Asia: Preconditions and possible trajectories

When in November 2001, the leaders of the Southeast Asian and Northeast Asian states met for the “ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) plus three (China, Japan and Korea),” President Kim Dae‐Jung of South Korea proposed the exploration for an East Asian Free Trade Area (EAFTA) and thereby opened a new chapter of East Asian integration. The special Northeast Asian perspective on regional co‐operation became clear by the simultaneous decision to hold annual meetings of finance and trade ministers of China, Japan and Korea. At the same time, bilateral agreements, like a free trade area between Japan and Singapore, the tentative large free trade area between ASEAN and China and the work‐in‐progress on a Korean‐Japanese Free Trade Area, show the devotion and sometimes even obsession of current policy‐making with reaching regional trade agreements. Regional integration, it seems, is finally on the Northeast Asian agenda. In this paper, the preconditions and perspectives of economic integration in Northeast Asia will be explored. Since economic integration is in various ways linked to political factors, the second section discusses the geo‐political situation of Northeast Asia today. The third section deals with the economic perspectives of different forms of trade integration, followed by an analysis of various attempts for greater macro‐economic and financial co‐operation and a short conclusion.     

中日韩与东盟(10+3)税收协调研究

中日韩与东盟经济合作的现状决定了(10 3)国家间区域性税收协调的深度和广度。本文通过分析中日韩与东盟(10 3)区域税收国际协调现状、困难,提出了(10 3)税收国际协调应该遵循的原则,建议应建立中日韩与东盟(10 3)区域税收协调机制,以及消除货物、服务贸易中阻碍商品、人员自由流动、涉及投资所得等税收因素,以促进(10 3)国家间商品、资本、劳务、知识产权等的自由流动。     

Economic growth and income inequality in the Asia-Pacific region: A comparative study of China,Japan, South Korea,and the United States

This paper builds an inequality-growth-redistribution nexus, and applies the Engle–Granger two-step ECM approach to estimate the long-run and short-run relationships between inequality and growth for four economies: China, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. Our estimation results support the S-shaped curve hypothesis relating GDP per capita to inequality with different starting points for the four economies. For the reverse relationship, we find a positive causal relationship for China, Japan, and the United States, indicating that increased income inequality spurred economic growth. In addition, we find mixed results on the effect of trade openness on inequality and growth. Trade openness reduced inequality in the United States and Japan, worsened it in China and had no significant effect in South Korea. In the inequality-GDP per capita relationship, exports provided an impetus to economic growth for Japan. As for redistribution, although fiscal redistributive measures reduced inequality in Japan, they played no major role in the other three countries. With regard to the inequality-GDP per capita relationship, all countries except for China show a negative effect of fiscal redistribution on GDP per capita.     

People's Republic of China and its Neighbours: evidence on regional trade and investment effects

The very rapid economic growth of the People's Republic of China (PRC), its dramatic success in world export markets and its heavy receipts of foreign direct investment (FDI) have generated much thought and debate in policy and business circles in different parts of the world. This paper surveys evidence from research by ADB Institute staff and Visiting Fellows conducted over the last two years that sheds light on these issues. The paper examines differences in trade structure between the PRC and its trading partners, finding that the PRC's current structure is closest to that of Korea and Taipei, China in 1990. It also considers changes in market share and finds that the PRC exports are eroding the market share of its regional neighbours in the USA and Japan, particularly in products in which trading partners are most specialised. There is no evidence of FDI diversion from elsewhere in the region to PRC. The trade diversion effects in the US and Japan are offset however by strong trade creation as the rapid growth in PRC leads to a substantial rise in its imports.
The paper surveys the projections of models that demonstrate the gains in greater trade and income for the region from closer trade links with the PRC. The broad conclusion that emerges is that whilst there may be risks to individual sectors in all countries concerned, the pattern of regional trade and investment that is emerging is mutually beneficial, provided enterprises and governments representing the PRC's regional partners respond effectively to the adjustments required.