用人单位未及时履行劳动合同解除后义务应如何承担责任

案例回放《社会保险法》第五十条规定:"用人单位应当及时为失业人员出具终止或者解除劳动关系的证明,并将失业人员的名单自终止或者解除劳动关系之日起十五日内告知社会保险经办机构。"如果用人单位未履行这些义务,将对劳动者产生什么影响,应承担什么责任?讨论意见View1只要属于工资福利范畴的就应当享受如果用人单位未及时为失业人员出具终止或者解除劳动关系的证明,并将失业人员的名单自终止或者解除劳动关系     

泄露用人单位商业机密应否承担违约金责任

主持人：《劳动合同法》第二十二条规定了劳动者违反服务期约定的违约金责任,第二十三条规定,劳动者违反竞业限制约定的,应当按照约定向用人单位支付违约金。第二十五条规定：“除本法第二十二条和第二十三条规定的情形外,用人单位不得与劳动者约定由劳动者承担违约金。”用人单位能否与劳动者约定在劳动者泄露用人单位商业秘密时承担违约金责任？有人认为这种违约金责任违背了《劳动合同法》第二十五条的规定,是无效的,这一说法是否正确？用人单位如何妥当地保护自己的商业秘密？     

用工主体责任究竟是什么责任

主持人：某建筑施工企业将工程违法分包给不具有用工主体资格的个人,该个人聘用的劳动者在工作中受伤。因劳动关系不明确,劳动者以确认劳动关系为由起诉该建筑施工企业。一审法院确认双方之间存在劳动关系,二审法院认为,劳动保障部《关于确立劳动关系有关事项的通知》（劳社部发[2005]12号）规定“建筑施工、矿山企业等用人单位将工程（业务）或经营权发包给不具备用工主体资格的组织或自然人,对该组织或自然人招用的劳动者,由具备用工主体资格的发包方承担用工主体责任”,并无法律规定发包方与劳动者直接成立劳动关系,因而认定双方之间存在劳动关系不当,撤销了这一判决,改判建筑施工企业承担用工主体责任。在接下来的工伤认定程序中,相关人员认为,法院生效法律文件已经实际否定建筑施工单位与劳动者之间存在劳动关系,因此,劳动者申请工伤认定没有《工伤保险条例》第十八条所规定的“与用人单位存在劳动关系（包括事实劳动关系）的证明材料”,不应认定为工伤。在此类案件中,劳动者与发包单位间究竟有无劳动关系？劳动者因工作原因受伤能否认定为工伤？     

竞业限制法律制度完善研究

竞业限制法律制度需要完善其效力要件和履行机制.竞业限制法律制度已经确认合理性原则,经济补偿应属于竞业限制协议的效力性要件,没有约定经济补偿的竞业限制协议应当无效.劳动合同的解除方式不应对竞业限制协议的效力产生影响.我国劳动合同法应当建立劳动者单方选择权的法定抗辩制度,不应赋予用人单位对于竞业限制协议的单方任意解除权.劳动者承担违约金责任后,不应再负担继续履行的义务.     

公司能否抵扣为劳动者多缴纳的社保费

主持人: 劳动者与用人单位劳动关系存续期间,用人单位应当为劳动者缴纳社会保险费.劳动关系结束后,用人单位没有为劳动者继续缴费的义务.如果此时用人单位由于疏忽没有办理社会保险减员而继续为劳动者缴费,能否要求征缴机构退还该缴费或者要求劳动者退还这部分社保费?如果劳动者不退还,能否在拟支付给劳动者的解除劳动合同经济补偿金、加...     

员工工作过失造成公司损失,要赔多少钱?

对于劳动者履行职务行为过失所导致的损失,从本质上而言属于企业的经营风险,作为一个市场主体,应当预见到这种风险发生的可能性,用人单位在享受经营利益的同时,必须承担经营风险。劳动者因履行职务行为时具有过失导致公司财物损失的案例并不鲜见,劳动者要不要承担责任,承担多大的责任,由于《劳动法》以及《劳动合同法》对此均未予以规定,故处理此类案件缺乏明确的法律依据。而实践中有的用人单位与劳动者在劳动合同中约定因劳动者原因导致公司财物损失应     

试用期间“不符合录用条件”的确定及其后果

《劳动合同法》第三十九条规定,劳动者"在试用期间被证明不符合录用条件的",用人单位可以解除劳动合同。如何确定劳动者在试用期间"不符合录用条件",不仅关乎劳动者的合法权益,对用人单位的规范管理亦为重要。试用期考核不规范承担败诉责任费某于2016年11月21日入职某公司,任总经理职务,双方签订了期限自当日起至2019年11月20日止的"劳动合同书",约定试用期至2017年2月20日止。     

浅析劳动合同法

全国人大常委会2007年6月29日通过的《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》将于2008年1月1日正式实施。新的劳动合同法对现行的劳动合同制度作了进一步规范、细化,在劳动者的合法权益保护、用人单位的法定义务、工会的劳动者权益维护责任等方面有了较明显的变化。银行作为用工单位,有必要对本法予以清晰的把握。本文试图通过对劳动合同法中新规定、新制度的解析,明晰法条应有之义,提供相关工作改进之思路。     

社会保险费返还权及其保障

因为种种原因,在现实中存在用人单位为劳动者缴纳本应由劳动者承担的社会保险费,也存在本应由用人单位缴纳的社会保险费却由劳动者承担等情形。在这些情形下,缴费人应如何保护自己的权益？     

劳动合同试用期的十大陷阱

劳动合同试用期是用人单位和劳动者建立关系、订立劳动合同时,在劳动合同期限内特别约定的供劳动关系双方主体互相考察的期间。试用期是劳动关系双方以较低风险相互考察对方的一种手段。在试用期间内,用人单位考察劳动者是否符合录用条件,劳动者则考察用人单位介绍的劳动条件是否符合实际情况。     

Living with GASB 45: how to manage liabilities associated with retiree medical benefits

The Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement 45 (GASB 45) obliges public employers to disclose liabilities related to postretirement medical benefits. Most state and local government entities are beginning to analyze and quantify how GASB 45 liabilities will affect their balance sheets and credit ratings. This article describes the many ways to reduce those liabilities without eliminating retiree medical plan benefits altogether. Now is the time for employees and employers to work together and make difficult choices for keeping retiree medical costs and GASB 45 liabilities manageable.     

The Impact of IFRS Adoption on Public Sector Financial Statements

Following a sector neutral approach to standard setting for about a decade, New Zealand adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for profit‐oriented entities and all other sectors including the public sector, from 2007 with the option to adopt early in 2005. Some studies have examined the impact of IFRS adoption on the accounts of profit‐oriented entities and found that this change had a significant impact on assets, liabilities and equity. This study examines the impact of adoption of IFRS on New Zealand public sector entities’ financial statements. We analyse and compare the reconciliation notes of IFRS and pre‐IFRS New Zealand Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (NZ GAAP) reported in the first IFRS annual reports of all New Zealand public sector entities. The results indicate that there have been some significant increases in assets and liabilities, and significant decreases to overall equity in some sub‐sectors of the public sector. The primary causes of such changes were recognition of employee entitlements (IAS 19) and recognition of derivative financial instruments (IAS 39) for many public sector entities, as well as remeasurement of deferred taxation for public sector commercial enterprises (IAS 12). In addition, public sector entities made many reclassifications between current and non‐current financial statement elements that did not impact on the aggregate balances of the entities’ balance sheets. In general, the findings of this study are similar to findings of studies that examined the impact of IFRS on private enterprises. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the implication of IFRS adoption and might be useful to policy makers and regulators who are currently reviewing the applicability of IFRS to public sectors in Australia and New Zealand and other countries.     

The privatization of British Energy: Risk transfer and the state

Following the development of the New Right Agenda, Conservative Governments in Britain introduced incrementally an extensive privatization programme. This paper focuses on the failure of the last privatization of the Conservatives: British Energy, the company established to run the eight most modern nuclear power stations. A key argument used to justify the privatization of British Energy, the transfer of risk from the state to the private sector, is analyzed using the conceptual framework of the risk society thesis. The privatization led to the apparent transfer to the company of interrelated risks, particularly the nuclear liabilities risk. New Labor’s rescue of British Energy confirmed the reality, which was that residual responsibility for risk, especially the nuclear liabilities risk, remained with government. Despite the company’s collapse the Labor Government sought a market-based outcome, and in 2008 British Energy was sold to EDF, the French state-owned energy company. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the failure of risk transfer for public policy, drawing on insights provided by the risk society thesis.     

The HM ‘Treasure's Island’: The Application of Accruals-based Accounting Standards in the UK Government

Since the 1990s, UK has been progressively adopting a governmental accounting reform purporting to interpret and mimic accounting standards and practices from the private sector. Since 2009, the UK set of accounting standards applicable to the whole of governmental entities is based upon the HM Treasury's official interpretation of the international accounting standards initially designed for commercial enterprises, the latter standards having extensively inspired the International Public Sector Accounting Standards. This article analyses some representational concerns raised by its application of a balance sheet accounting approach to the public administration, pointing to consolidation perimeter, current value measurement of assets and liabilities and the case of public–private partnerships. This theoretical analysis develops relevant implications for representation and control of public spending and borrowing in UK and in general.     

公务员养老金制度并轨改革的设计思路与精算评估

我国公务员与企业职工的退休待遇存在巨大差距,养老保险制度的公平性备受质疑,由制度差异带来的阻碍人才流动等弊端日益凸显,已成为近年来社会关注的焦点问题,本文在分析公务员的职业特点及其养老保障特殊性的基础上,借鉴国际经验,并基于融入全国统一的养老金体系和保护公务员既得权益的考虑,给出了公务员养老金改革应采取“基本养老金＋职业年金”的设计思路和具体方案,测算分析了改革方案对个人和财政支出的影响以及在实施上的可行性。     

Public Pension Promises: How Big Are They and What Are They Worth?

We calculate the present value of state employee pension liabilities using discount rates that reflect the risk of the payments from a taxpayer perspective. If benefits have the same default and recovery characteristics as state general obligation debt, the national total of promised liabilities based on current salary and service is $3.20 trillion. If pensions have higher priority than state debt, the value of liabilities is much larger. Using zero‐coupon Treasury yields, which are default‐free but contain other priced risks, promised liabilities are $4.43 trillion. Liabilities are even larger under broader concepts that account for salary growth and future service.     

Financial reporting for employee stock options: liabilities or equity?

This study seeks to determine whether employee stock options share key characteristics of liabilities or equity. Consistent with warrant pricing theory, we find that common equity risk and expected return are negatively associated with the extent to which a firm has outstanding employee stock options, which is opposite to the association for liabilities. We also find the following. (1) The association is positive for firms that reprice options and less negative for firms that have options with longer remaining terms to maturity, which indicates that some employee stock options have characteristics that make them more similar to liabilities. (2) Leverage measured based on treating options as equity has a stronger positive relation with common equity risk than leverage measured based on treating options as liabilities. (3) The sensitivity of employee stock option value to changes in asset value mirrors that of common equity value and is opposite to that of liability value. Also, we find that, unlike liabilities, employee stock options have substantially higher risk and expected return than common equity. Our findings are not consistent with classifying employee stock options as liabilities for financial reporting if classification were based on the directional association of a claim with common equity risk and expected return. Rather, our findings suggest the options act more like another type of equity.     

THE ROLE OF AUDITOR CULPABILITY IN NAMING AUDITOR DEFENDANTS IN UNITED STATES SECURITIES CLASS ACTIONS

Arguments for passage by the United States Congress of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, 1995 (Reform Act), as well as the Securities Litigation Uniform Standards Act, 1998, center on two allegations. First, that there was a general lack of merits (i.e. management culpability did not matter) in pre-Reform Act private securities class actions. Second, that nonculpable auditors were routinely named defendants in these lawsuits. A theoretical framework consisting of the constructs auditor culpability, management culpability, and nonculpability is used to investigate whether nonculpable auditors were routinely named defendants in these lawsuits. Empirical evidence based on 446 securities lawsuits filed from April 1992 to April 1995 in federal and state courts against United States companies suggests that nonculpable auditors were not routinely named defendants in these lawsuits.     

从注册会计师的注意义务看独立审计准则的法律地位

注册会计师承担的审计责任是一种注意义务违反的过失责任。相对于普通人而言 ,注册会计师注意义务是一种高度的注意义务 ;相对于其专业团体而言 ,注册会计师注意义务必须达到的仅仅是本团体中一般人的水平 ,即所谓的“合理谨慎”。独立审计准则是判断注册会计师注意义务的基础 ,它发端于司法实践 ,在发展过程中也得到了司法实践的支持和肯定。中国独立审计准则的制订 ,履行的是一个立法程序 ;独立审计准则在中国具有法规的地位。法律赋予独立审计准则作为注册会计师注意义务判别标准的抗辩地位。最后 ,本文对有关独立审计准则的非难提出了质疑 ,认为尊重独立审计准则的法律地位 ,是促进审计准则发展的前提 ;尊重会计专业团体的生存方式 ,是法学家应有的品格。