促进我国经济结构服务化的税收激励政策分析

我国服务业发展潜力巨大,但目前经济结构服务化进程仍较缓慢。鉴于税收激励政策在促进一国经济结构服务化过程中不可或缺的重要作用,本文结合我国实际进行分析,提出我国应在确定税收激励目标和重点的基础上,进一步完善生产性服务业的税收激励机制、发展生活性服务业的税收激励机制并调整服务业税收优惠政策的手段和环节。     

韩国、俄罗斯、澳大利亚三国FDI税收激励政策介绍及借鉴

随着经济全球化进程的加快,中国对外投资也在不断增长。本文从中国主要对外投资国中选取了三个具有代表性的国家——韩国、俄罗斯和澳大利亚,研究其外商直接投资(FDI)税收激励政策及发展趋势,并对我国进一步扩大对外投资和调整FDI税收激励政策提出了几点看法。     

企业R&D投入的税收激励研究——基于增值税的实证分析

随着研发活动对于长期经济增长的重要意义被广泛认知,越来越多的国家采用包括税收激励在内的多种措施提升本国的研发水平.我国同样采取了一系列的税收优惠政策以期提高国内企业的自主创新能力,特别是2006年《实施《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006～2020年)》的若干配套政策》的出台,更加体现出我国政府对于税收激励政策的重视.本文从理论和实证两个方面分析了当前税收优惠政策对于创新活动的有效性,并得出了一些重要的政策结论.     

企业R&D税收激励政策效应分析北大核心CSSCI

本文较为系统地阐明了国际上设计R&D税收激励政策考虑的基本要素,并对不同形式的R&D税收激励方案进行了比较研究,在此基础上,作者从不同角度梳理并分析了目前理论界对R&D税收激励政策效应的研究结果,并给出了相应结论。     

软件业税收激励政策效应研究——基于浙江省软件业发展的实证分析

国务院于2000年发布实施的<鼓励软件产业和集成电路产业发展的若干政策>,对于促进我国软件业的快速发展具有重大意义.从税收视角探析这一政策措施,可以看到我国现行软件税收激励政策尚存在一定的问题.应从加快政策立法进程、建立统一管理机制等方面入手,完善我国的软件税收激励政策.     

对涉外税收优惠的理性认识及政策调整

涉外税收优惠能有效地吸引外资，促进经济的发展，但它对外资的拉力究竟有多大以及能否发挥出意想的效果，则要受到许多因素的制约。目前，我国对涉外税收优惠存在一些认识误区，导致了政策上的偏差。为此，应在着力改善投资环境的基础上，适时调整涉外税收优惠政策：规模要压缩，导向要明确，政策要统一，方式要改进，最大限度地发挥涉外税收优惠政策的效应。     

谈我国涉外税收优惠政策的调整

一、我国涉外税收优惠政策存在的主要问题 改革开放后我国涉外税收优惠政策的制定主要是基于以下几个方面考虑的：一是弥补综合投资环境的不足：二是作为对外资的某些限制性政策的补偿。如对外资的进入领域、投资规模、出资及持股比例、外汇政策等方面的限制，需要用税收优惠予以补偿：三是对外资正的外部效血（如其技术溢出效应、管理溢出效血、促进区域经济发展效血等）的激励。但随着改革开放的不断深化，     

全国人大常委会审议循环经济法草案——循环经济将享受更多税收激励

十届全国人大常委会第二十九次会议8月26日下午首次审议了循环经济法草案。草案对循环经济税收激励政策作的原则规定表明。我国循环经济将享受更多的税收激励政策。[第一段]     

国际税收竞争对我国企业创新税收激励政策有效性的影响研究

本文以高新技术企业所得税优惠和研发费用加计扣除政策为评估对象,利用A股上市公司数据,分析国际税收竞争对我国企业创新税收激励政策有效性的影响。研究发现,国际税收竞争的存在以及东道国专利盒制度的实施将会削弱我国税收激励政策的企业创新效应。进一步地,国际税收竞争的激烈程度对我国创新激励政策效应起到调节作用,东道国税率吸引力越大、纳税便利度越高、税收征管效率越高时,我国创新税收激励政策的有效性越低。机制分析表明,融资约束和企业避税是国际税收竞争影响的主要渠道。异质性研究表明,国际税收竞争的影响主要集中在税收激进程度较高、已享受较多政府补贴的企业,而当地区知识产权保护力度较强、税收征管数字化水平较高时,将对国际税收竞争的影响起到遏制作用。     

借鉴日本经验 完善我国对外直接投资税收激励政策北大核心CSSCI

促进企业对外直接投资(OFDI)有助于加快我国经济转型升级、释放经济增长新动能。二十世纪六十至八十年代,日本曾利用税收激励政策,鼓励企业对外投资,成功输出国内过剩资本和过剩产能,以丰厚的海外利润助力国内经济中高速增长,缓解泡沫破灭对日本经济造成的巨大冲击。本文借鉴日本税收激励的经验,提出了完善我国对外投资税收激励政策的建议,旨在对促进企业对外直接投资、推进供给侧结构性改革提供借鉴。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.