对存款保险差别费率拟定的研究——以十堰农村商业银行为例

本文根据我国《存款保险条例》有关要求,结合湖北省十堰市经济金融发展的实际情况,参考基于银行监管资本的存款保险定价研究方法,充分考虑了辖区内各农村商业银行的资产收益和风险、资本持有状况、债务清偿结构对存款保险费率的影响,对十堰市辖区内各农商行2014年度存款保险费率进行了拟定与演算,以期对今后十堰市投保机构风险差别费率的制定提供参考。     

台湾存款保险费率制度与经验借鉴

存款保险制度是维护金融稳定的三大法宝之一。存款保险制度的核心问题是存款保险定价问题,存款保险费率分为单一费率和差别费率。台湾地区较早建立存款保险制度,存款保险费率制度从单一费率演变为差别费率,在存款保险费率定价上积累了较成熟的经验。我国亟待实现隐性存款保险向显性存款保险的转变,可以借鉴台湾地区的存款保险费率定价模式,在充分考虑实际情况的基础上,从实施风险差别费率、建立风险评级体系、完善风险费率配套措施等角度着手,设立合适的存款保险费率制度。     

我国商业银行的资本充足率水平分析

资本充足率是指商业银行的资本净额与其加权折算后风险资产总额的比例,用以表明银行自身抵御风险的能力,它是世界各国普遍实行的考核商业银行经营安全性的重要监测指标,由于我国未建立存款保险制度,因此资本充足率可以说是抵御银行风险的最后一道防线.     

基于宏观审慎监管框架的存款保险费率定价机制研究北大核心CSSCISSCI

我国存款保险实行差别费率与基准费率相结合的制度。学术界对存款保险费率定价研究主要以防范道德风险为出发点,聚焦于风险差别费率。传统的风险差别费率定价模型是期权定价模型和期望损失模型,两者均是对商业银行自身倒闭风险进行定价。本文认为,存款保险的目的是防范系统性风险。存款保险费率定价机制作为存款保险制度的重要部分,也应将目标聚焦于防范系统性风险。基于此,本文选择以存款保险基金管理机构的宏观审慎监管视角,对存款保险差别费率定价机制展开研究。本文通过分析宏观审慎监管框架下的目标与特征,讨论存款保险费率定价机制的要点与形成过程。本文还进一步原创性地构建了一个基于宏观审慎监管框架的存款保险费率定价模型,该模型以商业银行系统性风险贡献度作为衡量商业银行风险的依据。并且我们以中国16家上市银行数据对模型做了保费测算。结论证实模型的定价体系更全面,能更好地维护金融稳定。     

我国商业银行提高资本充足率的途径

资本充足率即银行资本金与风险资产的比率,是衡量商业银行抵抗风险的能力及整个银行体系稳健性最重要的指标,我国银行资本监管遵循<巴塞尔协议>资本充足率不低于8%的标准.与国外银行相比,我国银行的资本充足率水平仍显不足.本文主要分析商业银行资本充足率现状及影响因素,并提出几点建议以提高我国商业银行的资本充足率.     

统一的商业银行损失准备金、风险资本和存款保险制度风险管理模型研究北大核心

从资本配置的角度进行风险管理,目前国内外商业银行采用了呆账准备金、资本充足率和存款保险制度三道防线。到目前为止,国内外尚无统一的理论框架和模型来定量描述呆账准备金、资本充足率和存款保险制度三者在商业银行风险管理中的关系。为使商业银行的风险管理更加精确化、定量化,本文从商业银行风险管理的本质出发,提出了用损失准备金、风险资本和存款保险制度作为商业银行从资本配置角度进行风险管理的统一的理论框架和模型。     

政府监管及银行规模对商业银行风险行为的影响

08年爆发的全球金融危机,本质上是银行危机。为此,研究哪些因素对商业银行风险行为产生显著影响具有十分重大的意义。本文在前人研究的基础上,对中国银行业市场进行了相关考察研究,以超额资本充足率和法定存款准备金率为政府监管度量指标,结合商业银行自身规模,以中国9家上市银行2008年3月-2012年9月期间的季度数据为研究样本,实证研究了政府监管和银行规模对中国商业银行风险行为的影响。研究表明：银行规模和法定存款准备金对中国商业银行风险行为产生显著负向影响,超额资本充足率对银行对抗风险具有显著的正向影响。     

存款保险制度及差别费率机制降低银行风险承担了吗？——来自我国48家银行机构的经验证据

本文使用我国48家银行机构2013-2021年的季度面板数据，实证分析存款保险制度实施、存款保险费率机制转变对商业银行及政策性银行风险承担的影响，并分析不同类型银行风险承担的异质性特征。结果表明：第一，存款保险制度的实施显著降低了银行的风险承担水平，这种影响存在显著异质性，对政策性银行的影响不显著，但对大型国有商业银行、股份制商业银行、城市商业银行和农村商业银行的风险承担有显著抑制作用，且抑制效果依次增强；第二，存款保险单一费率机制调整为风险差别费率机制进一步降低了银行风险承担水平，这种影响也存在显著异质性，对政策性银行的影响仍不显著，但对其他四类银行的风险承担均有显著抑制作用。上述研究结论表明，我国存款保险制度实现了降低银行风险、维护金融稳定的预期目标。下一步，应当进一步完善存款保险费率核定制度，探索建立跨周期和逆周期的差别费率制度，提升“成本最小化”“风险最小化”的效果。     

银行资本监管与商业银行风险——对中国13家商业银行的实证研究

通过构建模型对2000～2005年我国商业银行风险与资本充足率变化进行实证检验,结果表明,我国实施银行资本监管能够促使已达到最低监管要求的银行提高资本充足率和降低银行风险,但对于达不到监管要求的银行,实施银行资本监管并不能促使其提高资本充足率和降低风险水平.实施银行资本监管不是我国商业银行风险降低的原因,资本监管在市场化程度较高的银行中会失效.市场及投资者并不因为银行资本充足率变化而对上市银行的收益或价值的评价产生变化.改革我国商业银行产权制度、建立显性的存款保险制度、加强市场约束是我国商业银行降低风险、提高资本监管有效性的基础.     

我国商业银行资本充足率与风险资产关系研究

资本充足率管理是商业银行风险管理的核心。本文构建了反映我国商业银行资本充足率和风险资产关系的模型,对我国商业银行资本充足率和风险资产之间的关系进行分析。结果发现:商业银行资本充足率的变化会引起资本结构的变化,从而对风险资产产生影响。风险资产的变化又会对资本充足率产生影响。商业银行资本充足率与风险资产这种相互影响的关系为商业银行风险资产管理提供了理论依据。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan

The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company's interests.     

Moments of Compound Mixed Poisson Distributions

Recursive formulae are derived for the evaluation of the moments and the descending factorial moments about a point n of mixed Poisson and compound mixed Poisson distributions, in the case where the derivative of the logarithm of the mixing density can be written as a ratio of polynomials. As byproduct, we also obtain recursive formulae for the evaluation of the moments about the origin, central moments, descending and ascending factorial moments of these distributions. Examples are also presented for a number of mixing densities.     

The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War

After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:1 Submissions must be original     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation?

The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory.