空间视角下省域金融势能与生态效率关系研究

提高金融的集聚程度,增强金融的辐射能力对转变经济增长方式,促进生态文明建设具有重要意义.利用我国2000—2017年30个地区(因数据缺失,不包括西藏地区和港澳台地区)的相关数据,分别采用引力模型和熵值法对金融势能和生态效率进行测度,通过构建空间杜宾模型对金融势能影响生态效率进行了实证研究.研究表明,金融势能和生态效率都具有"东高-西低"的分布,并存在正向的空间自相关性.金融势能的直接系数和间接系数均为正,不仅显著促进了当地生态效率的提高,对周边地区也存在溢出效应.另外,经济发展、产业结构和污染治理也能提高生态效率,而城镇化则起抑制作用.据此,提出缩小地区差距、扩大区域合作、发展绿色金融、支持金融创新等政策建议.     

长江经济带生态效率提升的空间计量分析——基于金融集聚和产业结构优化的视角

长江经济带的战略地位进一步强化,绿色发展上升为国家战略,生态效率的提升促进绿色发展。文章探讨了金融集聚、产业结构优化对生态效率的提升作用,运用空间计量方法检验了金融集聚、产业结构优化和生态效率的空间自相关性,建立空间计量模型。主要发现有:生态效率存在空间集聚效应,不存在空间溢出效应;金融集聚对生态效率的提升作用不大,暗示着需要加强金融支持绿色产业和环境保护力度;产业结构优化对生态效率提升作用明显,贡献度较高。最后根据实证研究结论提出了相应的对策建议。     

绿色金融发展对农业生态效率的影响

绿色金融支持农业实现高质量、可持续发展。为了准确分析绿色金融发展对农业生态效率的影响,在分别采用考虑非期望产出的SBM(Slack-based measure)模型以及熵值法测算2010—2019年我国30个省市自治区（除西藏和港澳台地区外）的农业生态效率和绿色金融发展水平基础上,分析我国农业生态效率的地域分布特征,然后对绿色金融发展与农业生态效率进行空间相关性分析,并采用空间计量模型实证估计我国绿色金融发展对农业生态效率的直接效应和空间溢出效应。研究结果表明：（1）样本期间,我国农业生态效率存在发展不平衡问题,呈现东高、西平、中低的格局;（2）农业生态效率存在显著的空间自相关性;（3）绿色金融发展对农业生态效率存在显著的直接效应和空间溢出效应,农业机械密度、农业受灾率和财政支农水平对农业生态效率均具有显著的直接抑制作用,且农业机械密度对农业生态效率还存在负的空间溢出效应。     

科技投入、网络特征与生态效率——以中原城市群为例

基于复杂网络研究的视角,以城市群生态效率为研究对象,探讨城市科技投入及网络特征对生态效率的影响。利用30个城市2003—2017年面板数据测度了中原城市群生态效率,基于地理引力模型构建城市群生态关联网络,获取城市个体网络特征指标,并分析城市科技投入和网络特征对生态效率的影响效果。研究发现:①中原城市群生态效率总体呈持续上升趋势,表现出"一体两翼"的空间分布态势;城市生态效率水平个体差异显著,且差距不断扩大。②城市群网络连通性较高,整体网络密度先升后降;郑-焦-洛-新等构成城市群的核心极,接近核心区域的城市生态水平较高;城市个体中心度差异较大。③科技投入、接近中心度对生态效率有显著正向影响,科技投入与接近中心度存在显著的交互作用且呈现正向影响;产业结构和城镇化率也对生态效率有显著的正向影响,而外资利用未表现出显著影响。     

中国产业结构优化升级对生态效率的影响

基于多重包络分析测算了生态效率,计算了产业结构合理化指数和产业结构高级化指数,并运用最小二乘法和系统矩估计方法验证了我国30个省份产业结构优化升级对生态效率的影响以及清洁能源发电在中间所起的传导作用。测算结果表明:产业合理化、产业结构高级化的提升均会提高生态效率,但不同地区产业结构合理化和产业结构高级化发挥的作用存在差异,且产业结构优化升级对生态效率的影响具有空间效应;清洁能源发电通过能源消费结构在产业结构优化升级与生态效率提高之间发挥传导作用。     

"一核一带一区"旅游生态效率时空演变及影响因素研究

本文测度"一核一带一区"旅游生态效率及时空演变特征,并识别主要影响因素.结果显示:各区域旅游生态效率时间上以2011年为界划分为平稳期和波动期,空间上变化显著;产业结构、城镇化与经济发展水平分别是影响"一核一带一区"旅游生态效率的主要因素.     

科技创新、环境规制对区域生态效率的影响研究

论文基于2005—2014年全国30个省份的面板数据,使用DEA模型对我国生态效率水平进行测算,运用Arc GIS软件对其空间分布情况进行探究。通过构建空间杜宾模型,检验科技创新、环境规制对区域生态效率的影响。研究结果表明:近年来我国的区域生态效率具有显著的正向空间自相关性,且地域性差异很大,呈现出"东高西低"的空间分布格局;科技创新与生态效率水平之间存在"U"型的非线性关系,环境规制对生态效率产生了负向的影响,经济发展水平的提高可以有效地改善地区生态效率,对外开放水平对生态效率的作用并不明显。     

东北老工业基地生态效率测度及影响因素研究——基于DEA-Malm quist-Tobit模型分析

以2004—2014年东北老工业基地23个地级城市面板数据为样本,运用DEA-Malmquist模型测度了东北老工业基地生态效率变化,并结合Tobit模型计量分析影响生态效率的因素。结果表明:2004—2014年东北老工业基地生态效率普遍偏低且呈下降趋势;辽宁省波幅较大,吉林省相对最好,黑龙江省近年改善势头较好;东北老工业基地的人口密度、人均GDP、产业结构、环境规制对生态效率具有促进作用,对外开放度和科技水平则阻碍了生态效率的提高,上述影响因素也是东北老工业基地生态效率区域差异形成的重要原因。     

省级区域生态效率评价及提升路径研究——基于超效率SBM模型和Tobit回归

以2006—2017年中国30个省份面板数据为分析单位,运用超效率SBM模型测算省级区域生态效率,利用Tobit回归模型揭示内部驱动因素,为推进我国绿色区域协调发展提供借鉴与参考。研究表明:省级区域生态效率整体水平不高,低值占大多数,增长较缓慢;区域间差异化显著,发展仍然存在不协调、多极化趋势;从全局自相关来看,莫兰指数均显著为正,省级生态效率呈现正的空间相关性,具有空间集聚特征;回归分析结果显示产业结构、城镇化水平、经济水平是生态效率的主要影响因素,且具有空间差异性。在此基础上针对省级生态效率发展不平衡、多极化趋势及其影响因素,提出相关建议。     

金融集聚对区域生态效率溢出效应的空间计量分析

金融业发挥资源配置功能,对绿色和环保产业提供资金支持,促进产业结构升级,从源头降低环境污染,提高生态效率。通过建立金融集聚和生态效率的评价指标体系,运用熵权法、超效率DEA、Moran’s I等,对金融集聚和生态效率进行时空差异分析。在此基础上,建立空间滞后模型和空间误差模型验证金融集聚对生态效率的空间溢出效应。结果显示:金融集聚和生态效率呈现出区域差异性,表现出东部、中部、西部依次递减的特点;区域差异源于局部集聚性和集聚阴影效应;银行业对中部地区生态效率溢出效应明显,证券业对东部和中部地区生态效率的溢出效应明显,保险业对生态效率溢出效应不明显,金融密度对西部地区生态效率溢出效应明显。最后,根据实证结论,提出相应的政策建议。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。