加拿大政府财政管理改革及启示

健全的财政是经济发展的命脉,建立有效的财政管理体制异常重要。文章总结了加拿大财政管理体制建立及其特点、分析了其管理理念和基本管理体系,针对性提出了对我国财政改革的启示。     

效率政府建设与我国地方政府绩效管理研究

建设效率政府是我国经济社会发展的必然要求,而目前我国地方政府效率普遍低下,构建合理的地方政府绩效管理体系是建设效率型政府的有效途径。     

地方政府利益、地方政府行为与经济增长

目前,对中国地方政府的经济行为的研究强调了在经济转型过程中地方政府在多样化的地方经济发展模式中的主导作用,注意到了地方政府目标的多重性,本地区社会福利最大化,政府利益最大化以及中央政府的满意程度等。对地方政府在公共产品的提供、就业、收入分配、实现社会公平等方面行为不到位方面的研究是从定性方法来论证。本文试图在定性分析基础上建立一些基本的数学模型为将来的计量研究提供一个模型框架。     

加强政府回应渠道的建设与完善促进服务型政府建设

服务型政府作为公共管理研究的一个重点领域,其定义和评判标准学术界目前并没有完全统一,但对于服务型政府的根本目标和内容的认识是基本一致的。从政府的服务角度看,对政府服务效果评价的主体应该是接受政府服务的广大群众,而群众的评价又与政府面对公众诉求时回应的态度、效率及采用的方法和取得的结果有直接关系。所以提高政府的回应质量直接关系到群众对政府的满意度,本文将从加强政府回应渠道的建设与完善角度出发,探讨服务型政府建设问题。     

中国县级政府电子政务实践:现存问题及应对措施

本文分析了基层政府发展电子政务的现状,指出了农村基层政府在推进电子政务过程中出现的问题,并提出了农村基层政府发展电子政务的途径。     

政府管理不能只拿钱说事

5月30日,财政部半夜推出证券交易印花税税率上调政策,使几乎是日日蹿红的股市应声而下,当日跌幅在9%以上的个股达925只,深沪股市短短三个交易日蒸发了1.65万亿市值,而政府从每个交易日中可增加税     

The government revenue and government expenditure nexus: empirical evidence from nine Asian countries

The nexus between government revenue and government expenditure has been an important topic in public economics. In this paper, we investigate evidence for cointegration and causality between government revenue and government expenditure for nine Asian countries. We use the recently developed bounds testing approach to cointegration and the conventional F-test to examine Granger causality. Our empirical results suggest that for three out of the nine countries government revenue and government expenditure are cointegrated. Our results on the direction of causation are mixed: (a) for Indonesia, Singapore, Sri Lanka in the short-run and for Nepal in both the short- and long-run we find support for the tax-and-spend hypothesis; (b) Indonesia and Sri Lanka are in conformity with the spend-and-tax hypothesis in the long-run; and (c) for other countries there is evidence of neutrality.     

灰色收入与政府改革

日前，国民经济研究所王小鲁副所长报告了其领导的项目小组利用全国19个省份64个大中小城市的调查数据对中国灰色收入问题进行的研究，详细的介绍了中国灰色收入的测算方法和测算结果。     

以色列政府引导创业投资启示

通过对多个国家引导创业投资的比较,我们可以发现以色列的成效最为显著。与其它国家相比,以色列的风险投资额对G D P贡献最高,一度超过GDP2%。以色列从国外引入的风险投资全部投入高新技术产业,风险企业人均占有家数居世界第一。以色列能在众多国家中鹤立鸡群决非偶然,它的经验     

Contrived dualism and government policy

If the government's goal is to maximiza current employment (as the International Labour Office has advised for Columbia), family farms become the desirable land tenure system. This article suggests policies by which family farms, and non-mechanized agricultural techniques, can be encouraged. The context is Columbian agriculture which faces distortions in factor prices, and the article suggests policies by which these distortions can be corrected to favour family farms. Both the prices of labour and of capital can be adjusted by the government, a process called ‘contrived dualism’.     

地方政府负债问题思考

近几年，我国地方政府通过地方平台融资和筹资搞建设，一部分省市、区县、甚至街道、乡镇一级政府均产生了不同程度负债，规模达数万亿元。最近中央政府下发了《国务院关于加强地方政府融资平台公司管理有关问题的通知一国发（2010）19号文》，     

Fiscal sustainability across government tiers

This paper analyses how fiscal adjustment comes about when both central and sub-national governments are involved in consolidation. We test sustainability of public debt with a fiscal rule for both federal and regional government. Results for the German Länder show that lower tier governments bear a relatively smaller part of the burden of debt consolidation, if they consolidate at all. Most of the fiscal adjustment occurs via central government debt. In contrast, both the US federal and state levels contribute to consolidation of public finances.     

论政府收入再分配功能

利益矛盾分为纵向和横向两种。公平与效率问题和纵向、横向矛盾交织在一起。为了兼顾公平与效率,促进经济社会和谐发展,政府要通过干预,实现收入的再分配。在这个过程中,政府要①准确把握经济社会运行的阶段和各阶层的相对情况;②合理把握纵向利益矛盾的限度③科学把握横向利益矛盾的限度。改革开放以来政府收入再分配的经验,主要就是合理利用和发挥社会成员的横向利益矛盾,激发人们的劳动积极性,促进经济效率的提高;同时善于运用纵向利益矛盾,发挥政府的作用,保证社会的基本公平。     

Local government: Big business

Cochrane, A. 1993: Whatever Happened to Local Government? Buckingham: Open University Press, £10.99 paper.     

Regional Trading Arrangements and Regional Integration

The formation of new or geographically expanded regional trading arrangements is one of the dominant trends in the world economy. This paper reviews the changing nature of regional trading arrangements. In the 1980s and 1990s a new generation of arrangements has gone much beyond the removal of border-trade barriers to the harmonization of non-border instruments such as national subsidies and commodity taxes, standards, business law regulations and competition policy. They also, in some cases, cover service trade and factor trade. These extensions beyond the scope of traditional customs unions and free trade areas pose new questions about the meaning of regional integration. This paper proposes a new definition of regional integration in terms of price convergence and looks at the extent of regional integration in East Asia.     

Regional Trading Arrangements and Regional Integration

The formation of new or geographically expanded regional trading arrangements is one of the dominant trends in the world economy. This paper reviews the changing nature of regional trading arrangements. In the 1980s and 1990s a new generation of arrangements has gone much beyond the removal of border-trade barriers to the harmonization of non-border instruments such as national subsidies and commodity taxes, standards, business law regulations and competition policy. They also, in some cases, cover service trade and factor trade. These extensions beyond the scope of traditional customs unions and free trade areas pose new questions about the meaning of regional integration. This paper proposes a new definition of regional integration in terms of price convergence and looks at the extent of regional integration in East Asia.     

论政府危机管理流程的科学化

为了有效管理危机，学术界全面分析了危机发展的基本态势，并构建了危机运动的不同模型。其中，芬克（Fink）的四阶段模型、米特罗夫（Mitroff）的五阶段模型2和基本的三阶段模型最为广泛接受。一般来说，可以将危机简单划分为3阶段：潜伏期、爆发期、恢复期。与危机的3阶段相适应，危机管理的重要步骤可以浓缩为3大流程：危机预警、危机处理、危机善后。