共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
ROBERT TREZEVANT 《The Journal of Finance》1992,47(4):1557-1568
This study tests the joint prediction of the substitution effect and the tax exhaustion hypothesis that an increase in non-debt tax shields leads to a decrease in leverage. Controls are introduced for the debt securability effect, the pecking order theory of financing, and the probability of losing tax shields. Using the relationship between changes in investment tax shields and changes in debt tax shields of firms in response to the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, strong empirical support is found for predictions based on the substitution effect and the tax exhaustion hypothesis. 相似文献
2.
PHELIM P. BOYLE 《The Journal of Finance》1989,44(1):101-113
Often futures contracts contain quality options whereby the short position has the choice of delivering one of an acceptable set of assets. We explore the implications of the quality option on the futures price. We develop a method for pricing the quality option for the general case of n deliverable assets and provide numerical illustrations of its significance. Even when the asset prices are very highly correlated, this option can have nontrivial value, especially when there is a large number of deliverable assets. We analyze the impact of the timing option and its interaction with the quality option. A procedure is developed for valuing the timing option in the presence of the quality option, and some numerical estimates are obtained. 相似文献
3.
Asia-Pacific Financial Markets - Futures contracts often contain several different kinds of embedded options related to the delivery of the underlying. The end of the month option allows the holder... 相似文献
4.
This paper derives pricing models of interest rate options and interest rate futures options. The models utilize the arbitrage-free interest rate movements model of Ho and Lee. In their model, they take the initial term structure as given, and for the subsequent periods, they only require that the bond prices move relative to each other in an arbitrage-free manner. Viewing the interest rate options as contingent claims to the underlying bonds, we derive the closed-form solutions to the options. Since these models are sufficiently simple, they can be used to investigate empirically the pricing of bond options. We also empirically examine the pricing of Eurodollar futures options. The results show that the model has significant explanatory power and, on average, has smaller estimation errors than Black's model. The results suggest that the model can be used to price options relative to each other, even though they may have different expiration dates and strike prices. 相似文献
5.
金属矿产资源的有限性使得金属类期货价格和相关上市公司股票价格之间表现出较强的联动性,使得金属类期货可以在一定程度上满足股票市场投资者的套期保值需求.本文对上海期货交易所黄金、铜、铝期货合约与深沪两市相关上市公司股票之间套期保值模型的选择及效果评价问题进行实证研究.结果表明金属类期货合约均可以对相关上市公司股票起到套期保值的效果.其中,黄金期货对黄金类上市公司股票的套期保值效率最高. 相似文献
6.
This study empirically tests rational pricing conditions applicable to American gold spot and futures options. A number of ancillary pricing relations also are tested. Transactions data supplied by the Montreal Stock Exchange and the New York Commodity Exchange are used in these tests. Arbitrage trading strategies designed to exploit violations of these conditions also are provided. The results indicate potential intermarket inefficiency: a substantial number of violations of a condition applicable to call options are found, and most of these violations are sufficient in magnitude to cover the relevant transaction costs of arbitrage. 相似文献
7.
人民币衍生品面世美国 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
8月28日,人民币期货、期权产品在美国芝加哥商业交易所(CME)正式面市。对国人来说异常陌生的金融衍生品终于走进了现实。CME与Globex CME成立于1898年,主要提供有关汇 相似文献
8.
This paper investigates the properties of implied volatility series calculated from options on Treasury bond futures, traded on LIFFE. We demonstrate that the use of near-maturity at the money options to calculate implied volatilities causes less mis-pricing and is therefore superior to, a weighted average measure encompassing all relevant options. We demonstrate that, whilst a set of macroeconomic variables has some predictive power for implied volatilities, we are not able to earn excess returns by trading on the basis of these predictions once we allow for typical investor transactions costs. 相似文献
9.
股指期货交易是以股票价格指数为基础资产的标准化期货合约。交易中双方当事人取得的收益和支付的费用将改变交易双方当事人的消费能力和投资水平,从而产生相应的税收后果,应当认定为应税所得。股指期货交易应当是以风险管理权为标的的买卖合约,其收益应当认定为财产转让所得。但由于当前财产转让所得的概念尚不能涵盖风险管理权这一新型财产性权利的转让收益,应有必要构建新的课税规则以确定不同交易目的的股指期货交易的纳税义务及其课税时点等问题。 相似文献
10.
Jones Robert A. Nickerson David 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2002,24(1-2):35-58
This paper offers a game-theoretic model for both the analysis and valuation of mortgage contracts in the context of an economy with complete information and complete contingent claims markets. We analyze the equilibrium strategy of the lender, who holds an option over the magnitude of mortgage credit extended per dollar of collateral offered, and the mortgagor, who holds options to default or prepay, in a class of intertemporal mortgage contracts collateralized by property evolving according to a random process which is common knowledge to both parties to the mortgage contract. Using continuous–time arbitrage valuation principles, we derive the value of the mortgage contract to both parties and show, through both analytical solutions and numerical simulations, that Markov perfect equilibria exist in which, among other properties, a lower flow of housing services accruing to the borrower, per dollar of initial house value, and a correspondingly lower rate of effective depreciation, will elicit a larger volume of funds offered by a lender; the amount of credit offered, the values of the contract to both lender and mortgagor, and the expected losses to both parties from costly bankruptcy are highly sensitive to the perceived volatility of the value of the property collateralizing the mortgage, even in an economy with complete markets or risk neutrality on the parts of lender and borrower; the upper limit on mortgage credit offered by a rational lender may be a small fraction of the current fair market value of the property, regardless of the contractual yield offered by the borrower, and will decrease, at each such yield, as bankruptcy costs or housing service flows increase; and under significant but plausible values for bankruptcy and costs of liquidating property under foreclosure, the flow of mortgage credit can become negatively related to the spread of the mortgage yield over the riskless rate, with the lender preferring a lower contractual yield to a higher one. 相似文献
11.
引言 在传统的电力工业管理体制下,国家对电价实行严格管制,政府统一管理电价,对电价实行严格审计.在这样的硬性控制下,电价的波动很小,几乎没有独立发、输、配电企业,因此不会面临由于电价波动造成的风险.但随着电力体制向市场化方向改革的进行,电力市场中批发电价和零售电价都将逐步放开.电价通过市场竞价方式来确定,将不可避免地导致市场价格的波动.由于电力商品的特殊性,其需求弹性很小,这样电价很容易受电力供求关系的影响,从而使电价产生剧烈波动,例如一日内负荷处于高峰时的实时电价与负荷处于低谷时的实时电价可以相差几倍,有时甚至低谷电价可以为零或负值,而不同天、不同月份的电价则相差更大.这样,将使电力市场的参与者面临巨大的价格风险. 相似文献
12.
选择会计核算方法,是企业进行税务筹划的基本方法之一。国家为了振兴东北老工业基地,特别给予这个地区工业企业缩短固定资产折旧年限的所得税优惠政策,即增加企业所得税税前扣除,降低企业所得税负担。但目前东北地区的一些上市公司放弃享受该项税收优惠政策。究其原因,上市公司认为享受所得税的优惠政策,将加大会计核算上固定资产的折旧成本,降低企业会计利润,不利于上市公司报表业绩的形象。本文试图通过筹划空间产生的描述,分析企业放弃享受优惠的原因,设计解决阻碍企业享受该项税收优惠的方案和步骤,使该地区符合条件的上市公司获得推迟… 相似文献
13.
国际税收竞争理论及我国国际税收政策取向 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
借鉴国内外税收竞争理论研究成果,我国的国际税收政策应从低层次的优惠大战,转向根据我国的优势战略性地设置税率和制定税收优惠政策上;从单边优惠提升到通过国际税收对话和协调,在高层次上制定有利于我国的“游戏规则”的交锋上来,以确保我国在经济全球化进程中的税收权益。 相似文献
14.
This paper examines model specification issues and estimates diffusive and jump risk premia using S&P futures option prices from 1987 to 2003. We first develop a time series test to detect the presence of jumps in volatility, and find strong evidence in support of their presence. Next, using the cross section of option prices, we find strong evidence for jumps in prices and modest evidence for jumps in volatility based on model fit. The evidence points toward economically and statistically significant jump risk premia, which are important for understanding option returns. 相似文献
15.
Euro-deposit futures play a relevant role among the derivative products traded in official markets. As opposed to most futures contracts, the underlying instrument is not represented by a traded asset but by a linear transformation of an interest rate, the Libor. The options written on Euro-deposit futures that are traded at the London International Financial Futures & Options Exchange (LIFFE) are subject to daily marking to market, as the underlying futures; thus, they are called futures-style options or pure futures options. These options are often priced with the Black (1976) formula, whose use entails several shortcomings. A more realistic alternative is represented by the univariate Cox, Ingersoll and Ross (1985) model. The closed-form solutions for the prices of Euro-deposit futures and futures-style options on Euro-deposit futures obtained in the CIR model are two major original contributions presented in this paper. Other original contributions involve the determination of the relation between futures rates and forward rates and the derivation of the equivalent portfolio for the hedging of futures-style options on Euro-deposit futures. 相似文献
16.
促进广西北部湾经济区发展的税收政策建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从2008年起,开发广西北部湾经济区已被正式纳入国家发展战略。本文从不同层面分析了广西北部湾经济区发展中存在的税收问题,并提出了完善地方税制、加大税收扶持力度等促进广西北部湾经济区发展的税收政策建议。 相似文献
17.
This article tests a theoretical model of the basis and open interest of stock index futures. The model is based on the differences between stock and futures in terms of investors' ability to customize stock portfolios and liquidity. Empirical evidence confirms the model's prediction that increased volatility decreases the basis and increases open interest. 相似文献
18.
股权投资所得税会计的主要任务是对股权投资所得税的计算、记录、交纳和跨期摊配.跨期摊配问题的实质是税前会计利润和纳税所得之间时间性差异所造成的纳税影响的会计处理.这是股权投资所得税会计中最重要也是本文所要讨论的问题. 相似文献
19.
Employees tend to exercise stock options when corporate taxable income is high, shifting corporate tax deductions to years with higher tax rates. If firms paid employees the same dollar value in wages instead of stock options, the average annual tax bill for large U.S. companies would increase by $12.6 million, or 9.8%. These direct tax benefits of options increase in the convexity of the tax function. In addition, profitable firms can realize indirect tax benefits because stock options increase debt capacity. Although tax minimization is probably not the main motive for option grants, firms with larger potential tax benefits grant more options. 相似文献
20.
电子商务的出现和发展使传统的税收征管手段、征管模式面临着调整和革新的需要。本文拟就电子商务在“人、财、物”三方面给税收征管带来的问题,借鉴国际上现有的一些研究成果,结合我国税收征管实务,提出相应的应对措施。 相似文献