期权理论发展对资本预算方法改进的贡献

传统的资本预算是以现金流贴现(DCF)及在此基础上的决策树和Monte Carlo模拟方法为基础的,随着Black和Scholes的期权定价理论的出现并由Myers(1977)将其用于实物投资决策而形成了资本预算的实物期权方     

浅议实物期权理论在连锁租赁酒店项目投资决策中的应用

中国经济型连锁酒店连锁经营的模式意味着新项目的投资能够带来增长的机会,同时由于处于激烈的市场竞争环境中,新项目投资存在较多不确定因素,传统的投资评价方法往往不能反映这些因素的影响。实物期权理论为企业项目投资提供了机会管理和动态规划的思想,相较于传统的静态评价方法,实物期权理论考虑到了机会和不确定性为企业发展带来价值,为资本预算管理决策提供了新思路。然而不确定因素的复杂性及其量化衡量以及成为实物期权评价模型在实务推广中的障碍。本文将从实践出发分析实务期权模型在中国经济连锁酒店项目投资中的适用性和应用前景。     

浅议实物期权理论在连锁租赁酒店项目投资决策中的应用

中国经济型连锁酒店连锁经营的模式意味着新项目的投资能够带来增长的机会,同时由于处于激烈的市场竞争环境中,新项目投资存在较多不确定因素,传统的投资评价方法往往不能反映这些因素的影响。实物期权理论为企业项目投资提供了机会管理和动态规划的思想,相较于传统的静态评价方法,实物期权理论考虑到了机会和不确定性为企业发展带来价值,为资本预算管理决策提供了新思路。然而不确定因素的复杂性及其量化衡量以及成为实物期权评价模型在实务推广中的障碍。本文将从实践出发分析实务期权模型在中国经济连锁酒店项目投资中的适用性和应用前景。     

基于不确定性、代理问题与资本预算方法的研究述评

本文在文献回顾的基础上,基于现代资本预算的历史发展对影响资本预算方法的两个因素:环境不确定性和代理问题展开理论评述.由于环境不确定性和代理问题的程度不同,企业对资本预算方法的选择也有所不同.在不确定性较强的情况下,选择实物期权与其他方法相结合的方式所占比例明显较高;在代理问题较为严重的情况下,项目代理人更多地会选择折现的现金流量法而不是经济增加值的方法     

基于实物期权的旅游企业并购估值研究

旅游企业相比传统企业的独特性决定了其企业价值评估方法的特殊性,若将传统的现金流量折现模型与实物期权理论有效结合,将大大提高旅游企业价值评估的灵活性和准确性。本文针对传统企业价值评估方法在不确定因素下无法有效评估的缺陷,构建了现金流量折现模型和实物期权理论相结合的定价模型。结果表明,旅游企业中确实存在大量的实物期权,并且基于实物期权理论进行估值能够更加准确地评估旅游企业价值。     

浅论实物期权在高速公路投资决策中的应用

<正>一、实物期权的概念及应用背景所谓实物期权,是指在不确定条件下以期权的概念来定义的实物资产投资的现实选择性,反映了企业进行长期资本投资的现实选择权,同时也反映了企业进行长期投资决策时拥有的,能根据在决策时不确定的因素改变投资行为的一种权利。根据实物期权在实际应用中的特点,可分为延期型期权、放弃型期权、扩张型期权、收     

金融硕士专业学位《公司金融》课程教学探讨

文章根据教指委对金融专硕的培养要求构建《公司金融》专业学位课程教学体系,在此基础上讨论了教材选择以及教学方法等问题。指出金融专硕《公司金融》课程应该以资本预算方法和应用为重点,围绕着净现值公式的应用和修正来安排教学体系。教学体系内容包括有效市场与行为金融;资产定价理论;经典资本预算方法,即净现值（NPV）方法;现代资本预算方法,即实物期权方法。目前还没有出现适合金融专硕的公司金融教材,教师应该根据教学安排从现有多本教材中提取有用的教学素材。在教学中,应该注重为学生提供商业实践机会,让学生切身体会分析现实商业问题的需要克服的诸多困难。     

并购中企业实物期权价值评估的研究

本文采用实物期权法,建立了企业并购中目标企业的价值评估模型,认为并购中目标企业的价值不仅包括企业自身的价值,还应包括由于并购的实物期权特征和协同效应产生的目标企业的附加价值。目标企业自身的价值由传统的折现现金流法计算并通过实物期权理论调整;并购附加价值由实物期权法,改进的折现现金流法和专家评分法进行计算和分配。     

基于实物期权模型的企业并购项目定价研究

为有效测度企业并购项目的价值,本文在整理相关并购项目价值评估研究文献的基础上,结合企业并购的基本理论及并购项目价值的实物期权特性,构建企业并购项目价值评估的实物期权模型,并利用构建的Black-Scholes模型对企业并购项目期权价值进行定量测算。结果显示,基于实物期权的企业并购项目定价模型弥补了现有模型对企业不确定性价值的低估,为企业客观评价并购项目的真实价值提供了新的思路和方法。     

实物期权决策方法及其展望

实物期权的概念实物期权(real options)是与金融期权相对的概念,是以期权概念定义的现实选择权。简言之期权应用于现实资产时称之为实物期权。在资本市场上,期权赋予投资者权利而不是义务去按指定的价格购买或者卖     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Multiple Dimensions of Accounting in the Development of GAAP

The phrase 'accepted accounting principles' underlying financial statements is a forerunner of today's accounting standards. Here, it is argued that history shows that the term 'principles' is often most vague in debates on the development of those standards. The reasons for and consequences of that vague use are varied and complex. This article provides insights not highlighted in earlier analyses of the periods reviewed. While debates like the rule- versus principle-based standards are set up as two-dimensional, the many dimensions of accounting often allow argument to be easily diverted. The debate/argument thus remains unresolved. For progress to be achieved in the establishment of accounting standards the many dimensions of accounting must be acknowledged and attempts to divert debate minimized. Those with a stake in the development of accounting standards need to consider the total scene of the related accounting. In a particular debate, dimensions under scrutiny must be stated, with any others in that total scene being acknowledged even if kept constant.     

Life Insurance Policies with Statistical Heterogeneous Population

In the paper we consider an endowment insurance contract with a twelve months maturation time. Using the majorization order and Schur-convex functions we derive upper and lower bounds of the premium, the death and survival benefits for a hetrogeneous population of insureds. The bounds are obtained for the exponential, Balducci, and linear approximations.     

＂Differences＂are the Biggest Obstacle

China has the greatest numbers of both teachers and students worldwide ,who teach and learn English. Therefore ,to analyze the obstacles of learning English for Chinese is necessary. This article gives the idea of differences between Chinese and English mainly in languages and cultures fields. Through these we can see clearly that ＂differences＂ are the biggest obstacle in language learning.     

Aims and Scope

正The focus of the China Journal of Accounting Research is to publish theoretical and empirical research papers that use contemporary research methodologies to investigate issues about accounting,finance,auditing and corporate governance in China.the Greater China region and other emerging markets.The Journal also publishes insightful commentaries about     

英美“新批评”文论的重新审视

新批评是一个在二十世纪影响重大的文学批评流派,它与形式主义、结构主义文论,一起支撑起文本批评的理论与实践基石。但历来人们对其评价都多少有些偏颇,本文力图更客观地审视其理论。本文也初步得出新批评与形式主义在理论根基上的相异之点。