Single Mothers in Russia: Household Strategies for Coping with Poverty

During the 1990s, the proportion of female-headed households as well as their poverty risk has increased rapidly. Seven rounds of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) are used to investigate the role that household living arrangements play in single-mother family income dynamics and the major factors that affect the income status of mother-only families in Russia. Enhanced earning power of the single parent as well as a higher level of child benefits increases the likelihood that the single parent family lives separately from other relatives. Increasingly single mothers are choosing to co-reside with other relatives or adults in times of economic stress.     

贫困地区收入不平等的决定因素:基于西海固农户数据的分析

本文根据宁夏西海固八个国家扶贫开发工作重点县的72个村720个农户的贫困监测数据,分析了贫困地区农村内部不平等状况变化、来源以及形成原因.研究发现:(1)西海固地区不平等程度属于较为合理的区间范围,明显低于全国贫困地区的总体水平;(2)人力资本是导致收入不平等的最重要因素.在人力资本变量中,外出务工对不平等的贡献率最大;(3)在导致收入不平等的各变量中,家庭规模的贡献率最大,但呈现下降的趋势;土地成为影响贫困地区收入不平等的主要因素之一,而且作用在显著加强.     

A Monetarist Model of Inflation: Kenyan Case*

Abstract: A monetarist model of inflation is estimated, incorporating recent developments in time series econometrics. The models compare the performance of both monetary base and a broader monetary aggregate, M3. It is shown that monetary base growth in the inflation model gives relatively stable results. Résumé: On fait l'estimation d'un modèle monétariste de l'inflation en y incorporant les événements de l'économie chronologiquement. Les modèles comparent la performance de la base monétaire et un agrégat monétaire plus large, en l'occurence la masse monétaire M3. I ressort de l'estimation que la croissance de labase monétaire dans le modèle d'inflation donne des résultants relativement stables.     

Strategic Export Policy in a Differentiated Duopoly: A Note

The purpose of this paper is to further explore how optimal export policies are affected by the nature of oligopolistic competition and the structure of demand. It is shown that (1) the more cost-competitive the home firm is, the higher the optimal level of export intervention becomes; (2) as the goods become better complements, the optimal level of export intervention increases; (3) the nature of the effects of strategic export policies on foreign firms depends on both the mode of competition and the structure of demand.     

Intra-Industry Trade Revisited: A Note

This short note revisits the relative importance of intra- and inter-industry trade by using the Grubel-Lloyd formula as a measure of intra-industry trade to the country??s manufacturing trade (sections 5?C8 of the SITC) where each industry is the four digit classification. Measures for a country??s total trade, as well as its bilateral trade with specific countries are utilized. The results demonstrate that intra-industry trade dominates trade among the OECD countries, while inter-industry trade dominates North-South and South-South trade.