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During the 1990s, the proportion of female-headed households as well as their poverty risk has increased rapidly. Seven rounds of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) are used to investigate the role that household living arrangements play in single-mother family income dynamics and the major factors that affect the income status of mother-only families in Russia. Enhanced earning power of the single parent as well as a higher level of child benefits increases the likelihood that the single parent family lives separately from other relatives. Increasingly single mothers are choosing to co-reside with other relatives or adults in times of economic stress. 相似文献
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Elizaphan J.O. RaoMatin Qaim 《World development》2011,39(5):784-796
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Njuguna Ndung'u 《Revue africaine de developpement》1994,6(2):109-136
Abstract: A monetarist model of inflation is estimated, incorporating recent developments in time series econometrics. The models compare the performance of both monetary base and a broader monetary aggregate, M3. It is shown that monetary base growth in the inflation model gives relatively stable results. Résumé: On fait l'estimation d'un modèle monétariste de l'inflation en y incorporant les événements de l'économie chronologiquement. Les modèles comparent la performance de la base monétaire et un agrégat monétaire plus large, en l'occurence la masse monétaire M3. I ressort de l'estimation que la croissance de labase monétaire dans le modèle d'inflation donne des résultants relativement stables. 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to further explore how optimal export policies are affected by the nature of oligopolistic competition and the structure of demand. It is shown that (1) the more cost-competitive the home firm is, the higher the optimal level of export intervention becomes; (2) as the goods become better complements, the optimal level of export intervention increases; (3) the nature of the effects of strategic export policies on foreign firms depends on both the mode of competition and the structure of demand. 相似文献
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This short note revisits the relative importance of intra- and inter-industry trade by using the Grubel-Lloyd formula as a measure of intra-industry trade to the country??s manufacturing trade (sections 5?C8 of the SITC) where each industry is the four digit classification. Measures for a country??s total trade, as well as its bilateral trade with specific countries are utilized. The results demonstrate that intra-industry trade dominates trade among the OECD countries, while inter-industry trade dominates North-South and South-South trade. 相似文献