新会计准则对上市公司盈余管理影响的相关性研究

2007年我国会计准则发生重大变革,目前的研究对于上市公司如何利用新准则公允价值进行盈余管理等问题缺乏研究,因此研究新会计准则公允价值计量对上市公司盈余管理的影响具有重要的理论意义。文章采用新准则体系实施后的上市公司样本数据,加入了资产减值准备和公允价值变动等多个变量,对100家公司的盈余管理进行了相关性研究。研究结果表明,首先,公司利用营业外收支进行盈余管理活动。其次,上市公司仍存在利用资产减值准备进行盈余管理的情况。最后通过论述现行会计准则与上市公司盈余管理之间的关系,提出完善我国会计准则建设的相关建议。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理实证研究

盈余管理是会计界研究的焦点问题,但对盈余管理的研究大多集中于盈余管理的理论、动机、手段等方面,研究方法主要以规范研究为主,盈余管理实证研究较少。基于此,本文在新会计准则实施的背景下,以我国所有上市公司为研究样本,验证和分析了新旧会计准则下我国上市公司盈余管理水平的差异以及新会计准则下我国上市公司的盈余管理途径。     

新会计准则对上市公司盈余管理的影响

2007年1月1日开始执行的新会计准则标志着我国会计准则体系实现了国际趋同。本文详细分析了新准则的变化及其对上市公司盈余管理的影响,研究表明,新准则的实施在一定程度上遏制了上市公司盈余管理行为,但利用会计准则的漏洞和空白进行盈余管理的行为仍然普遍存在。会计准则需要尽快完善,上市公司的治理结构也要进一步健全。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理实证研究

盈余管理是会计界研究的焦点问题，但对盈余管理的研究大多集中于盈余管理的理论、动机、手段等方面，研究方法主要以规范研究为主，盈余管理实证研究较少。基于此，本文在新会计准则实施的背景下．以我国所有上市公司为研究样本，验证和分析了新旧会计准则下我国上市公司盈余管理水平的差异以及新会计准则下我国上市公司的盈余管理途径。     

浅析新会计准则下资产减值准备对企业盈余管理的影响

在我国,利用资产减值准备的计提与转回调节利润是上市公司盈余管理的重要手段之一。但过度的盈余管理行为不仅会影响社会经济资源的有效配置．而且会误导投资人的投资决策．导致不同的利益集团受益或受损。财政部2006年2月15日发布的新准则中关于资产减值的规定与原有会计准则相比发生了很多变化。这对上市公司资产减值准备的计提与转回产生了巨大的影响．从而对利用资产减值进行的盈余管理行为产生一定的作用及影响。因此,研究新会计准则下资产减值准备对上市公司盈余管理的影响是相当必要的。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理问题浅探

近年来,有关实证会计研究结果表明,我国上市公司存在着大量的盈余管理行为,严重影响了会计信息的真实可靠性,误导了信息使用者的经济决策。本文将从盈余管理的角度,对新会计准则对上市公司盈余管理的影响进行分析,着重探讨新会计准则对企业盈余管理的影响,分析新会计准则下企业盈余管理的可操作空间,以及提出相应治理对策。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理问题浅探

近年来,有关实证会计研究结果表明,我国上市公司存在着大量的盈余管理行为.严重影响了会计信息的真实可靠性,误导了信息使用者的经济决策.本文将从盈余管理的角度,对新会计准则对上市公司盈余管理的影响进行分析,着重探讨新会计准则对企业盈余管理的影响,分析新会计准则下企业盈余管理的可操作空间,以及提出相应治理对策.     

新会计准则对上市公司盈余管理的影响

2007年1月1日开始执行的新会计准则标志着我国会计准则体系实现了国际趋同。本文详细分析了新准则的变化及其对上市公司盈余管理的影响,研究表明,新准则的实施在一定程度上遏制了上市公司盈余管理行为,但利用会计准则的漏洞和空白进行盈余管理的行为仍然普遍存在。会计准则需要尽快完善。上市公司的治理结构也要进一步健全。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理手段的变化分析

在新的会计准则实施后,上市公司盈余管理手段发生了一定的变化。本文就新会计准则的特点入手,分析新会计准则下上市公司采用盈余管理手段的必要性。再根据新会计准则之"新",简要阐述上市公司盈余管理手段所做的调整。文末较为详细说明新会计准则对上市公司盈余管理手段的各方面影响,从而进一步分析新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理手段的变化。     

新形势下上市公司盈余管理空间研究

盈余管理是企业经营管理者为实现特定目标而对公司盈余状况进行管理的一种行为。2007年新会计准则颁布以来,我国上市公司盈余管理呈现出一系列新的变化。本文系统梳理了盈余管理的概念、特点和主要方法,结合会计准则的新要求,探讨分析了新形势下上市公司盈余管理的可行途径与方法,以期为上市公司管理者更好提供理论借鉴。     

Value relevance of international accounting standards harmonization: Evidence from A- and B-share markets in China

Applying both the price-levels model and the lagged-price-deflated returns model, we investigated the incremental value relevance of the reconciliation of accounts from the Chinese Accounting Standards (CAS) to the International Accounting Standards (IAS) by those Chinese listed companies that have simultaneously issued A-shares and B-shares. In addition, we examined the usefulness of accounting numbers (earnings and book values) and their value relevance to the A- and B-share markets in China. The study finds that earnings and book values of owners’ equity determined under CAS are more relevant accounting information for the purpose of determining the prices of A- and B-shares. The CAS-based earnings changes were reflected in stock returns in the B-share market, while the CAS-based earnings were closely associated with stock returns in the A-share market. However, the study found that the reconciliation of earnings and book values from CAS to IAS basis is partially value-relevant, mainly to stock prices in the B-share market, while the earnings reconciliation is generally not value-added to stock returns in either the A- or the B-share market. The study results suggest that accounting numbers based on domestic accounting standards, in contrast to IAS, are more value-relevant in the Chinese stock market at present.     

Equity Financial Assets: A Tool for Earnings Management—A Case Study of a Chinese Corporation

With China’s adoption of principles-based international accounting standards and its convergence with International Accounting Standard 39 (IAS 39), Chinese companies have discretion under the original Accounting Standards for Enterprises 22 (CAS 22) as to how they account for the initial measurement, sale, and subsequent reclassification of financial assets. We use a Chinese company (‘Company A’) as a case study to illustrate how earnings are managed to exploit this discretion. We document that the company re-classifies its available for sale equity investments as long-term equity investments to decrease the volatility of the company’s apparent profits. We also make some predictions regarding how the company will handle its financial assets under the new standard, which is the same as IFRS 9. Our research contributes to the continuous improvement of China’s accounting standards and has implications for regulators of the capital market.     

Accounting Quality in Private Firms During the Transition Towards International Standards

We study the historical development of Slovenian Accounting Standards (SAS) and their association with accounting quality (AQ). We focus on private firms where the financial reporting process is characterised by low demand for high-quality reporting. We investigate three distinct editions of SAS since 1994 and test how their development towards international standards is related to AQ. Aggregate earnings management measures indicate that the use of accounting discretion decreases with less earnings smoothing over time. The main features of AQ have been consistent throughout historical development. Asymmetric timeliness of earnings, the ability of earnings to predict future cash flows, and the ability of accruals to mitigate mismatching are all present throughout. We also document typical departures from properties of high AQ. For example, accruals do not (always) facilitate timely recognition of losses. However, these can be attributed to the overwhelming influence of reporting incentives (e.g. taxation, debt, size) rather than to the (lower) quality of accounting standards.     

会计准则、资本市场监管规则与盈余管理之遏制:来自上市公司债务重组的经验证据

本文利用1999年、2001—2007年上市公司债务重组的数据来研究会计准则和资本市场监管规则在遏制公司盈余管理方面的作用。本文通过分析认为,为遏制上市公司的盈余管理,从上市公司盈余管理的动机端入手更为有效。就上市公司盈余管理主要为满足资本市场监管要求之动机而言,应该从资本市场监管规则的改进入手。而会计准则因其公共合约性质和不完备性,既没有责任也没有能力去遏制上市公司的盈余管理行为。1999年、2001—2007年间上市公司的债务重组行为支持本文的这一观点,来自上市公司债务重组的经验证据显示,是资本市场监管规则而非会计准则在影响和制约着上市公司是否利用债务重组来进行盈余管理。     

Accounting standard changes and foreign analyst behavior: Evidence from China

This study investigates changes in foreign analyst behavior before and after Chinese New Accounting Standards was implemented during 2007. The empirical results show that after the new accounting standards were implemented, forecast error among foreign analysts decreased in both absolute and relative terms in comparison with domestic analysts, and foreign analysts forecast earnings more frequently than they did before the new accounting standards. These results imply that the implementation of new accounting standards in the Chinese capital market helped mitigate both information asymmetry between listed firms in China and foreign investors, and the “home bias” of foreign analysts. It also increased the attractiveness of listed firms and facilitated international communication and cooperation. This study also has significant implications for how resource allocation efficiency in the Chinese capital market can be raised and how the “introducing in” policy should be assessed.     

The Influence of Improvements in Accounting Standards on Earnings Management: The Case of IFRS

This article examines the effect of improvements in the quality of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the level of earnings management. In order to achieve this aim, we study the accounting quality of German listed companies through discretionary accruals yielded from 1998 to 2006. We assess the effectiveness of efforts by the International Accounting Standards Board to improve IFRS by using two indices that consider the revision process of the standards, and their mandatory application. Our results indicate that the improvement of accounting standards quality significantly reduces the level of reported negative discretionary accruals of the German listed firms during the period of analysis, once incentive variables are controlled. Further, companies gradually assume the quality of the new standards from the moment they can be voluntarily applied.     

会计环境对企业会计准则执行效果的影响——基于应计质量的经验证据

本文旨在调查两个相互关联的问题:企业会计准则施行后财务报告应计质量是否发生了显著变化?这种变化是否与会计环境相关?我们采用经典的截面琼斯模型估计操控性应计利润,以其绝对值计量应计质量,利用2001~2009年7722个上市公司样本观察值进行了统计检验,发现企业会计准则施行后应计质量下降。在给定企业会计准则是一套高质量准则的前提下,我们进一步分析应计质量下降的原因。经验证据表明:在会计环境不同的地区,上市公司应计质量的变化存在系统性差异。这反映会计环境影响了企业会计准则的执行效果。     

Are IFRS and U.S. GAAP converging? : Some evidence from People's Republic of China companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange

This research investigates the comparability and convergence of two sets of accounting standards from 1996 to 2002: United States’ Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The investigation involves a sample of companies from the People's Republic of China (PRC) that are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). PRC companies traded on the NYSE generally prepare IFRS financial statements and provide a limited reconciliation to U.S. GAAP, creating a unique quasi-experimental opportunity to examine differences between two sets of accounting numbers produced by two different sets of accounting standards while holding the company constant. Comparability is measured by using Gray's index of comparability, and a set of measures are introduced to capture several dimensions of convergence over time in reported net income, net assets, return on net assets, and earnings per share. The evidence shows lack of comparability, caused largely by the revaluations of property, plant and equipment permitted under IFRS, but not permitted under U.S. GAAP. There is, however, substantial evidence of convergence over time.     

资本市场会计信息披露暨治理问题研究--基于上市公司会计信息披露不对称的视角

上市公司会计信息生产和披露质量直接影响了资本市场的稳定健康发展。资本市场会计信息生产和披露存在着一定的供求机理,直接影响了会计信息生产和披露的质量。由于管理主体上的虚化、内控弱化和治理结构上的偏差、会计信息系统的集成和共享性弱以及从业人员素质上的差异,使得上市公司会计信息披露存在着不充分性、非主动性、虚假性和滞后性问题,由此增加了资本市场信息不对称和风险发生的可能。因此,严厉打击资本市场会计信息造假,规范资本市场会计信息披露,需要进一步完善资本市场会计信息披露制度,创新和完善新技术背景下会计准则和会计制度,加强对现有上市公司会计信息生产和会计信息披露标准的制定和使用,提升上市公司会计信息生产和会计信息披露独立审计监督的标准化和规范化水平,加强上市公司会计信息生产和披露监督标准化体系建设。     

什么决定了利润差异:会计准则还是职业判断?——来自中国A、B股市场的初步证据

我国资本市场有少量的公司同时发行A股和B股,这部分公司需要提供两套财务报表,分别遵循了国内会计准则和国际会计准则。我们以我国会计制度改革的特定时期(1998-2000)为背景,以同时发行A、B 股的公司为样本,经过研究发现,那些同时发行A、B股公司所报告的净利润差异,主要不是来自会计准则,而是来自于会计职业判断;而会计职业判断背后的经济动机在于上市公司为了达到保牌的目的。我们的研究丰富了有关会计准则与会计信息质量之间关系的研究。