信用卡催收外包的若干法律问题

随着人们消费观念的转变和信用卡的普及,刷卡消费、提前消费已经被越来越多的人所接受。对银行来说,透支消费后能否及时还贷成为银行风险防范的一个重要问题。银行为了提高催收率及降低催收成本,把催收业务外包给专业的催收公司,由此引发的一些常见的法律问题值得我们研究探讨。     

信用卡案件诉前审查方法及要点

随着各发卡银行的发卡量急剧增加,信用卡风险日益显现,信用卡账户拖欠也逐渐增多,催收工作已成为各发卡银行风险管理工作的重中之重。银行催收信用卡账户欠款,一般采取的催收方式有电话催收、信函催收、上门催收、报案催收、诉讼催收等。由于电话催收、信函催收、上门催收对拖欠持卡人缺乏威慑力,报案催收存在立案门槛高、立案难等现实问题,     

美国债务催收业的发展之路

在美国,如果消费者不能按时还款,他们的账户就会被转到催收部门,消费者贷款催收已经成为一个很大的行业。本文为我们介绍债务催收业中债权人及其代理人催收消费贷款的方式,特别是非抵押信用贷款的催收方式。作者供职于费城联邦储备银行。文章为本刊美国特约编辑杰姆斯·巴茨(James Barth)博士推荐。     

宜兴农行贷记卡催收的实践与探索

当前，贷记卡透支已成为银行关注的热点和焦点问题。本文结合农业银行宜兴市支行贷记卡催收的实践，探索银行贷记卡催收的基本途径，对今后银行贷记卡催收提出了相关建议。     

信用卡催收外包业务的现状分析与发展策略

随着国内商业银行现代化步伐的加快和业务规模的不断扩大,为保持竞争优势地位,各家银行均加大了金融产品创新,在逐步提高核心竞争力的同时,不断优化生产流程,降低运营成本,提高运营效率.目前,外包非核心环节业务和辅助性的服务业务已成为银行经营发展战略的必然选择.信用卡催收外包是指银行将信用卡透支账户委托给催收公司,由其在银行授权的基础上向持卡人催收、主张债权,持卡人向银行偿还信用卡债务的行为和过程.     

信用卡催收乱象值得关注

当前,关于银行信用卡催收手法不当引起的信访投诉案件不断增多。笔者对辖内信用卡催收情况的调查显示,银行信用卡催收过程中存在诸多乱象,并埋下风险隐患,应引起有关部门的重视。     

银行债权催收外包业务的法律分析与风险防范

近年来国内银行出于降低经营成本的考虑,在借鉴国际通行做法的基础上,将逾期债权催收业务外包给专业服务公司。此举虽然可以减少成本压力,加大催收力度,但也带来了一定的负面影响。其中,尤以个人不良债权(信用卡、房屋贷款、小额信用贷款为主)的催收外包为最。本文主要以银行个人信贷业务的逾期债权催收外包为考察对象,拟从债权催收外包业务的法律定性以及客体特征入手,着重探讨债权催收方式的种类与法律界定,并在此基础上提出若干银行法律风险防范建议,以期对债权催收外包行业的健康发展有所裨益。     

何虹（等）：信用卡不当催收引发众多风险隐患

中国人民银行河南省新野县支行何虹、海猛2012年3月14日来稿指出,信用卡不当催收可能导致：一是银行需共同承担责任。如果外包机构和外包人员为追求催收业绩,采用非法手段进行催收,产生侵权后果,银行作为委托人,虽然可以在委托协议中约定非法催收的后果由外包机构承担,     

银行债权催收外包业务的法律分析与风险防范

近年来国内银行出于降低经营成本的考虑，在借鉴国际通行做法的基础上，将逾期债权催收业务外包给专业服务公司。此举虽然可以减少成本压力，加大催收力度，但也带来了一定的负面影响。其中，尤以个人不良债权（信用卡、房屋贷款、小额信用贷款为主）的催收外包为最。本主要以银行个人信贷业务的逾期债权催收外包为考察对象，拟从债权催收外包业务的法律定性以及客体特征入手，着重探讨债权催收方式的种类与法律界定，并在此基础上提出若干银行法律风险防范建议，以期对债权催收外包行业的健康发展有所裨益。[第一段]     

个人贷款差别化催收方法初探

个人贷款是商业银行战略重点业务之一,在前些年经济快速增长的背景下,个人贷款余额和在银行资产中占比快速上升。当前宏观经济增速面临下降压力,不良贷款有反弹倾向,个人逾期贷款能否及时回收和处置成为影响银行盈利的关键之一。然而目前商业银行大多采用标准化催收模式,对风险程度不同的逾期贷款按照相同的流程和策略实施催收,催收的针对性不够,催收效率和回收效果还有进一步改进空间。本文旨在运用大数据技术,借助个人贷款催收评分卡工县,探索实施个贷差别化催收的方法。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.