国有股权出售的国际比较

综合国外国有股出售经验,我国实施上市公司国有股流通时必须考虑次序选择,无偿划拨给社保基金的做法很有必要。     

Volunteering for heterogeneous tasks

We model the search for volunteers as a war of attrition. Every player is tempted to wait for someone else to volunteer for the tasks. When tasks are not equivalent, it may be optimal to volunteer quickly to perform an easy task. We analyze the trade-off between volunteering for an easy task and taking the risk of having to perform a more strenuous task in order to get the chance of avoiding all tasks. When the cost of waiting is borne by agents until every task has found a volunteer, we show that it may be optimal to volunteer for the difficult task even if an easier task is available, in order to speed up the process and reduce the costs of waiting.     

Information Sharing within the Networks of Delegated Portfolio Managers: Evidence from Plan Sponsors and Their Subadvisers

The authors study information sharing among delegated portfolio managers through networks connected by investment mandates between plan sponsors and their subadvisers. Specifically, they identify similarity in returns, holdings, and trading between mutual funds operated by subadvisers, and test whether such similarity is stronger when two funds share a mandate network. The authors find evidence consistent with information sharing among these delegated portfolio managers. A mutual fund on average shares more similar returns, holdings, and trading with funds in subadvisory mandate networks than with funds outside the networks. Preliminary evidence suggests that information about both general investment styles and individual firms is transferred within mandate networks.     

发酵工程课程实验教学改革探索

发酵工程课程实验教学中还存在着许多问题,因此,需要强化实验教学中的理论教学指导,进一步规范实验记录和实验报告,并且要让学生树立良好的心态开展系统有效的、创新性工业试验。     

Do cheaters in the lab also cheat in the field?

In this paper, we study the correlation between cheating in the lab and cheating in the field. We conduct a laboratory experiment using a variant of the Mind game (Jiang, 2013). Payoffs above a certain threshold are indicative of cheating behavior. Subjects are paid their earnings by bank transfer. A fraction of the subjects is deliberately paid more than their earnings. We send subjects a reminder e-mail stating their earnings and asking them if they have received their payment. We find a significant correlation of 0.31 between cheating in the lab and in the field. Subjects with higher payoffs in the Mind game are also less likely to report the overpayment. Our results speak to the lab-field generalizability of cheating behavior.     

加强实验教学,培养学生实验技能和综合素质

为了提高学生的动手能力,启迪学生严谨科学的思维方法,培养学生的创新意识和实践能力,我们在植物生理生化实验教学中进行了努力的探索。通过加强实验教学,学生具备了更强的科学研究的实验技能,学生的综合素质也有较大的提高,教学效果得到社会、学校和学生的认同,较好地完成了实验教学的主要任务。     

动力机械实验课程建设与实验教学改革与实践

实验教学在机械类专业教育中具有不可替代的功能和作用。为适应机械类专业知识体系发展需求,我们进行了动力机械实验课程建设与实验教学改革,构建了＂三层次三结合＂的的实验课程教学新体系,提升学生的创新意识和实践能力。     

Some Reflections on Student Evaluation of Teaching

In this brief article Professor Villard summarizes some recent research in the evaluation of teaching and offers comments on the results. He also comments on the impact of the Open Admissions policy at City University of New York, and promulgates Villard's First and Second Laws.     

Do two bribe less than one? – An experimental study on the four-eyes-principle

We incorporate a four-eyes-mechanism on the briber’s side into a bribery game. Our results are mixed. We find no effect of the mechanism in a one-shot setting, but a reduction of bribes when the setting is repeated.     

Socio-ecological explanations for crowding-out effects from economic field experiments in southern Africa

Economic and psychological literature mentions three conditions under which the crowding-out effect of pro-social behaviour is likely to occur and to crowd out citizens' moral obligations to behave co-operatively. I use a framed field experiment on joint extraction from a common-pool resource (CPR) where the crowding-out effect has already been reported before in combination with the trust game carried out in farming communities of Namibia and South Africa to replicate these conditions. The research design and the cross-cultural setting enable to explicitly control for these effects. The results of the experiments support that the crowding-out effect depends on:

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The nature of the external intervention (controlling vs. supportive external intervention)

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The degree of participants self-determination (high vs. low self-determination in the group)

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A society's norms of trust and reciprocity (high vs. low trust within the society)

The results imply that outside regulations aiming to conserve natural resources risk worsening the situation when neglecting democratic legitimization as well as local community norms.     

Reciprocity in the workplace

Using combined experimental and survey data, this paper provides empirical evidence that firm productivity is related to worker’s pro-social behavior in the workplace. At the firm level, we find a strong positive relationship between firm productivity and reciprocating behavior among workers. Investigating workers’ individual behavior we find a similar, strong relationship when regressing earnings, a proxy for productivity, on reciprocity. To address simultaneity we use an instrumental variable approach and find that the initial estimate was upwards biased, presumably because it did not take into account the positive feedback from earnings to reciprocity. The new coefficient remains substantially above zero, but it is statistically insignificant.      

Introduction to field experiments in economics with applications to the economics of charity

This special issue highlights an empirical approach that has increasingly grown in prominence in the last decade—field experiments. While field experiments can be used quite generally in economics—to test theories’ predictions, to measure key parameters, and to provide insights into the generalizability of empirical results—this special issue focuses on using field experiments to explore questions within the economics of charity. The issue contains six distinct field experimental studies that investigate various aspects associated with the economics of charitable giving. The issue also includes a fitting tribute to one of the earliest experimenters to depart from traditional lab methods, Peter Bohm, who curiously has not received deep credit or broad acclaim. Hopefully this issue will begin to rectify this oversight.      

Reducing ambiguity in lotteries: evidence from a field experiment

Ambiguity about the chances of winning represents a key aspect in lotteries. By means of a controlled field experiment, we exogenously vary the degree of ambiguity about the winning chances of lotteries organized to incentivize the contribution for a public good. In one treatment, people have been simply informed about the maximum number of potential participants (i.e. the number of lottery tickets released). In a second treatment, this information has been omitted as in all traditional lotteries. Our general finding shows that simply reducing the degree of ambiguity of the lottery leads to a sizable and significant increase (67%) in the participation rate. This result is robust to alternative prize configurations.     

The value of reputation on eBay: A controlled experiment

We conducted the first randomized controlled field experiment of an Internet reputation mechanism. A high-reputation, established eBay dealer sold matched pairs of lots—batches of vintage postcards—under his regular identity and under new seller identities (also operated by him). As predicted, the established identity fared better. The difference in buyers’ willingness-to-pay was 8.1% of the selling price. A subsidiary experiment followed the same format, but compared sales by relatively new sellers with and without negative feedback. Surprisingly, one or two negative feedbacks for our new sellers did not affect buyers’ willingness-to-pay. JEL Classification D82 · L14 · Z13