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《实用企业财务杂志》2008,20(4):20-38
Against the backdrop of financial crisis, a distinguished group of academics and practitioners discusses the contribution of financial management and innovation to corporate growth and value, along with the pitfalls and unintended consequences of such innovation. The main focus of most panelists is the importance of a capital structure and risk management approach that complement the strategy and operations of the business. Instructive examples are provided by Judy Lewent, former CFO and head of strategic planning at Merck, and Lakshmi Shyam‐Sunder, director of finance and risk management at the International Finance Corporation. But if these represent successful applications of finance theory, what about the large number of cases where the use of derivatives and other innovations has led to high leverage and apparent risk management failures? Part of the current trouble, as pointed out by Andrew Lo, can be attributed to the failure of risk managers and their models to account for highly improbable events—the so‐called fat tails of the distribution. But, as Robert Merton suggests in closing, there is a more comprehensive explanation for today's problems: the tendency of market participants to respond to potentially risk‐reducing financial innovation by increasing their risk‐taking in other areas. “What we have here,” says Merton,
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This article proposes that risk management be viewed as an integral part of the corporate value‐creation process— one in which the concept of economic capital can provide companies with the financial cushion and confidence to carry out their strategic plans. Using the case of insurance and reinsurance companies, the authors discuss three main ways that the integration of risk and capital management creates value:
- 1 strengthening solvency (by limiting the probability of financial distress);
- 2 increasing prospects for profitable growth (by preserving access to capital during post‐loss periods); and
- 3 improving transparency (by increasing the “information content” or “signaling power” of reported earnings).
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Mary R. Hardy 《Scandinavian actuarial journal》2013,2013(3):185-211
This paper describes how to apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques to a regime switching model of the stock price process to generate a sample from the joint posterior distribution of the parameters of the model. The MCMC output can be used to generate a sample from the predictive distribution of losses from equity linked contracts, assuming first an actuarial approach to risk management and secondly a financial economics approach. The predictive distribution is used to show the effect of parameter uncertainty on risk management calculations. We also explore model uncertainty by assuming a GARCH model in place of the regime switching model. The results indicate that the financial economics approach to risk management is substantially more robust to parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty than the actuarial approach. 相似文献
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We extend the classical analysis on optimal insurance design to the case when the insurer implements regulatory requirements (Value-at-Risk). Presumably, regulators impose some risk management requirement such as VaR to reduce the insurers’ insolvency risk, as well as to improve the insurance market stability. We show that VaR requirements may better protect the insured and improve economic efficiency, but have stringent negative effects on the insurance market. Our analysis reveals that the insured are better protected in the event of greater loss irrespective of the optimal design from either the insured or the insurer perspective. However, in the presence of the VaR requirement on the insurer, the insurer's insolvency risk might be increased and there are moral hazard issues in the insurance market because the optimal contract is discontinuous. 相似文献
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Scott E. Harrington 《The Journal of risk and insurance》2009,76(4):785-819
This article considers the role of American International Group (AIG) and the insurance sector in the 2007–2009 financial crisis and the implications for insurance regulation. Following an overview of the causes of the crisis, I explore the events and policies that contributed to federal government intervention to prevent bankruptcy of AIG and the scope of federal assistance to AIG. I discuss the extent to which insurance in general poses systemic risk and whether a systemic risk regulator is desirable for insurers or other nonbank financial institutions. The last two sections of the article address the financial crisis's implications for proposed optional and/or mandatory federal chartering and regulation of insurers and for insurance regulation in general. 相似文献
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基于对国内保险资金投资风险测量的主流方法VaR和CVaR模型的缺陷进行分析后,本文提出将新的风险度量方法CDaR模型引入到国内保险资金的投资风险管理实践,结合我国保险资金投资管理条例中的相关投资风险约束条件和国内金融市场的实际情况,并考虑到保险资金的资产负债匹配管理要求,提出了有投资约束条件下的保险资金风险管理拓展模型. 相似文献
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现阶段随着经济水平的不断提高,社会转型期也随之到来,由此引发的社会问题与社会矛盾广泛引起了社会各界的关注。加之在新时代下社会风险状况的恶化,人们的风险与保险的自我保障意识亟待提高。本文以社会风险事故案例出发,分析了我国现阶段社会风险状况与商业保险社会风险管理的新功能,指出应该在新时代正确发挥商业保险社会风险管理的措施与思考。 相似文献
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次贷危机中重新审视银行风险管理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
次贷危机发轫于美国的次级房屋贷款,正演变为一场全球性的金融风暴,在这场危机中,越来越多的国家、金融机构以及大型企业遭受重创.危机给了我们许多的教训,本文试图对银行风险管理所存在的问题予以审视. 相似文献
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Two distinguished Morgan Stanley “alumni” discuss how their management of risk and uncertainty has not only preserved but increased the profitability of their businesses. In both cases—one involving a commodities trading operation and the other a long‐short hedge fund—the key has been to find cost‐effective ways to “cut off the left tails” of the distribution by avoiding naked long or short positions and creating option‐like payoffs with limited downside. In the case of the hedge fund, the combination of longs and shorts with the use of other risk‐reducing strategies has enabled the fund's managers to produce twice the market's returns with only half the volatility (and only one losing year) during the 18‐year life of the fund. In the case of the commodities trading operation, the strategy is described as combining ownership of physical assets with the use of option pricing models to create what amount to “long gamma positions in the asset” that “produce payoffs regardless of whether the asset goes up or down in value.” 相似文献
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地方政府举债是工业化、城市化的必然选择,合理举债有利于地方财政的高效运转,但若监管错位、过度举债则有可能引发债务危机。自2014年起,我国赋予地方政府发债权,随着近年来收益类专项债的扩容,地方政府债务规模不断扩大,同时融资平台、政府引导基金等各种形式的隐性债务风险依然突出。当前地方政府债务风险被视为“灰犀牛”,亟需引起重视和关注。本文通过梳理美国、日本、巴西地方政府债务危机产生的原因和处置方式,总结国外地方政府债务管理和危机处置的有效经验,并结合现阶段我国地方政府债务管理中存在的预算软约束、发行主体单一、债务透明度差、评级和监管缺位、预警和处置机制不完善等主要问题,提出相关对策建议。 相似文献
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随着人身保险业务的不断发展,寿险公司面临非正常死亡风险、长寿风险、利差风险和特别承保风险.人身险再保险是寿险公司转移风险、防止责任累积过大的风险管理工具之一,主要分为比例再保险、非比例再保险和财务再保险三种类型.寿险公司应通过科学确定自留额、选择合适的分保方式、谨慎采用财务再保险来安排人身险分保. 相似文献
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金融危机下的商业银行风险管理 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
美国次贷危机源于银行对房地产业的过度信贷以及金融衍生工具的滥用,背后透露的是监管者、金融机构和个人对金融风险的忽视.金融危机不可避免会影响中国经济,加上国内经济自身存在下行调整要求,这些将增加我国商业银行的信用风险、市场风险、流动性风险、操作风险和业务创新风险.对此,我国监管部门和商业银行应予以高度重视,加强风险意识,完善内控体制机制,防患金融风险于未然. 相似文献
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先后经历了无序和管制阶段,从1999年的<保险公司投资证券投资基金管理暂行办法>,到2004年的<保险机构投资者股票投资管理暂行办法>,再到2007年7月的<保险资金境外投资管理暂行办法>,保险资金运用渠道逐步拓宽. 相似文献
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LEE J. COHEN MARCIA MILLON CORNETT ALAN J. MARCUS HASSAN TEHRANIAN 《Journal of Money, Credit and Banking》2014,46(1):171-197
We show that a pattern of earnings management in bank financial statements has little bearing on downside risk during quiet periods, but seems to have a big impact during a financial crisis. Banks demonstrating more aggressive earnings management prior to 2007 exhibit substantially higher stock market risk once the financial crisis begins as measured by the incidence of large weekly stock price “crashes” as well as by the pattern of full‐year returns. Stock price crashes also predict future deterioration in operating performance. Bank regulators may therefore interpret them as early warning signs of impending problems. 相似文献
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为解决保险资金运用渠道狭窄、保值增值难度大的问题,新修订的<中华人民共和国保险法>对保险资金的运用作出规定,拓宽了保险资金的运用渠道.修订后的<保险法>将现行的"买卖政府债券、金融债券",拓宽为"买卖债券、股票、证券投资基金份额等有价证券",并增加了"投资不动产"的内容.保险资金运用渠道拓展,实现了与国际完全接轨,但是如何保障保险资金的安全性,如何加强对其的风险管理成为摆在我们面前的一个重要课题. 相似文献
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本文聚焦保险公司全面风险管理体系建设中广受关注的几个问题,包括风险偏好体系向风险限额的传导、风险管理信息系统、风险管理人员和文化,探讨目前保险公司全面风险管理普遍存在的问题及挑战,通过案例分析剖析全面风险管理体系建设应关注的重点,讨论实现全面风险管理价值的可行道路。 相似文献