虚假网络广告的市场监管指标研究

网络广告因其特有的隐蔽性、精准投放、实时发布等特性,易出现虚假违法广告等问题,亟需加强监管。网络广告市场至今未能确立明确、有效地监管指标。本文基于网络广告商户行为,运用问卷调查法,构建结构方程模型进行拟合检验和路径分析,对网络虚假广告行为的影响因素进行研究,试图提供网络广告监管的优化方向,并提出一系列建立网络广告指标的建议。     

网络广告存在的问题与对策

文章针对网络广告发布的单方性、违法性、监管失控性等缺陷进行了分析,在此基础上从政府监管及运营方式等方面对网络广告存在的问题提出了解决对策,为促进网络广告积极作用的发挥献计。     

网络广告的政府监督和管理

网络广告的政府监管是广告活动政府监管的新领域。利用国际互联网这种载体发布盈利性的商业广告即网络广告活动,属于广告市场的经济活动。政府应通过制定《网络广告法》及其相关的法律、法规、规章和条例,对网络广告注意力资源的产权加以界定和保护,并建立以国家行政执法机构为主,委托代理的社会监测机构为辅的网络广告监管体制和实施机制,实现网络广告市场注意力资源的有效配置。     

网络广告的政府监督和管理

网络广告的政府监管是广告活动政府监管的新领域.利用国际互联网这种载体发布盈利性的商业广告即网络广告活动,属于广告市场的经济活动.政府应通过制定<网络广告法>及其相关的法律、法规、规章和条例,对网络广告注意力资源的产权加以界定和保护,并建立以国家行政执法机构为主,委托代理的社会监测机构为辅的网络广告监管体制和实施机制,实现网络广告市场注意力资源的有效配置.     

网络广告存在的问题及监管策略

信息时代,网络广告进入飞速增长阶段,其在企业营销中的地位和价值越显重要。随之而来的垃圾邮件广告,违禁、虚假广告的频繁出现污染了互联网的环境,也给人们的生活带来了极大的危害。客观分析网络广告存在的问题,建立一套完善的网络广告监管法律、行成一个完整的广告监管体系,迫在眉睫。     

美国网络广告监管以及对我国的启示

我国网络广告正在逐渐勃兴,传统的广告监督管理办法与网络广告发展不相适应的问题也日益凸显。引发了一系列的冲突和矛盾。美国是互联网和网络广告最发达的国家,在网络广告的监督管理方面颇具规模,它的网络广告监督管理体系包括法律法规、机构组织、行业自律等方面。本文通过对美国网络广告发展和监管情况的分析,借鉴其行之有效的做法和经验.旨在为建立起适应我国社会主义市场经济发展需求的、完善的网络广告监督管理体系提供参考。     

重庆市九龙坡区：推行“四项监管模式” 实现全方位广告监管

近年来,我们重庆市工商局九龙坡区分局在深入开展广告市场调研的基础上,反复探索,形成一套比较完善的广告监管模式：即户外广告的动态监管、网络广告网状属地化监管、新闻媒体广告的联动监管、印刷品广告的分类监管。     

随州：探索建立网络广告监管机制

近年来,随州市工商局在随县局先行试点,积极探索网络广告监管“四项机制”,规范网络广告市场秩序,取得阶段性成效。1．建立政府主导制。随县政府成立了以分管副县长挂帅、相关部门负责人为成员的领导小组,将网络广告作为广告监管的重要内容纳入社会管理创新和社会治安综合治理目标责任制。     

网络广告存在的问题及其对策探析

网络广告作为一种新兴的广告形式,已经成为各大网站收入的重要组成部分。与传统广告相比,网络广告具有很强的优势,其表现形式不断创新,广告总额持续上升。但作为一种全新的广告形式,在其发展过程中也存在着种种问题和不足。如:网络虚假广告与监管问题、弹出式广告问题,以及网络广告创意问题等。本文针对这些问题提出了进一步完善网络广告的宏观管理,完善网络广告法律规范,改变网络广告的传播方式,加强网络广告的创意管理等建议。     

从网络广告监管到网络广告治理——公共治理的视角分析

目前,我国网络广告正在逐步勃兴,与此同时,传统的广告监督管理体制与网络广告发展不相适应的问题也日益突出,引发了许多矛盾和冲突。面对市场和政府的双失灵,实现由传统的网络广告监管向网络广告治理的转变成为必然选择。网络广告治理是一项系统工程,单纯依靠政府职能部门无法实现预期效果,需要政府、社会组织、民众等多方共同参与,强调服务导向和参与意识,明确各自的责任,从而形成良好的合作网络,实现网络广告的有效治理。     

网络广告主体法律制度的完善

随着网络媒体的迅速发展,网络广告大有取代传统媒体广告的趋势,但是,其法律规制却相对滞后,各国对网络广告的法律定位及立法模式尚未形成统一的认识。由于某些网络广告的基本理论问题尚未得到解决,目前我国网络广告的法律监管仍然处于一个较低的水平,从而直接影响了广告法律、法规的执行。为此,应借鉴电子商务发达国家的实践经验,尽快完善我国网络广告主体法律制度。     

Developmental antecedents to children’s responses to online advertising

Many critics have raised concerns about online advertising directed to children. This study investigated the role of several antecedent variables that may impact children’s attitudinal and behavioural responses to online advertising. Specifically, online ad scepticism, family communication patterns, time spent on the internet, and perceived internet competency were examined as factors that may impact children’s online advertising attitudes and behaviours. A survey conducted with a dyad sample of 381 parents-preteens in South Korea revealed that children with high scepticism towards online advertising, who spent less time using the internet and who perceived lower levels of confidence about their internet skills were more likely to have a negative attitude towards online advertising and less likely to disclose personal information to online marketers. However, the relationship between family communication and children’s responses to online advertising found in this study was inconsistent with the previous empirical findings. Implications of findings are discussed and directions for future research suggested.     

Incorporating long-term effects in determining the effectiveness of different types of online advertising

Although online advertising has become a full member of the marketing mix and is still growing in importance, studies of long-term, or lagged, advertising effects have generally either neglected online advertising channels or have treated online advertising as one homogeneous block. We analyze the short- and long-term effectiveness of different types of online advertising channels by incorporating separate time lags for each advertising channel. We look at the sales effect of email, banner, and price comparison advertising (PCA) using a sample of 2.8 million purchases and more than 1.1 million individual costumers aggregated to 365 days. Our analysis shows that email advertising has the longest effect, followed by banner advertising and PCA. We find that the length of the effect does not always go hand in hand with its intensity since, for example, banner advertising lasts longer than PCA but performs worse in terms of actual sales. This research yields important insights for theory and practice since it shows how to model long-term advertising effects and provides meaningful insights for improving the allocation of advertising budgets.     

An integrated model of advertising clutter in offline and online media

The rapid growth of online advertising raises concerns about advertising clutter in the online media environment. This paper proposes an integrated model of advertising clutter that addresses the unique characteristics of the online media environment. We review the structural, information processing and functional approaches to advertising clutter, and integrate these approaches into a new comprehensive framework that explains consumer response to advertising clutter by differentiating consumer-centred analysis from media-centred analysis. The differences between online media and offline media are compared in terms of audience control and advertiser control. Attitudes towards advertising in general and in specific media contexts, and task orientations are introduced as mediating factors that affect the perception of and the subsequent response to advertising clutter. This paper offers a set of propositions on the factors affecting perception of advertising clutter, the relationship between physical characteristics and perception of advertising clutter, and how perception of clutter creates negative advertising effects. Managerial and theoretical implications of this framework are discussed.     

Modeling online advertising: A cross-cultural comparison between China and Romania

Culture and advertising are intrinsically linked. Recent years have witnessed growing interest in examining the mechanism and influence of online advertising. However, the foci of most studies have been on the USA or other developed countries. Little is known about online advertising in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to investigate consumers' beliefs and attitudes toward online advertising (ATOA) across different cultures such as China and Romania. Among the major findings, (1) all five belief factors (i.e. information seeking, entertainment, economy, credibility, and value corruption) were statistically significant predictors of ATOA, (2) ATOA was a statistically significant predictor of both online ad clicking and frequency of online shopping, and (3) as compared to the Chinese, Romanians tended to hold a more positive attitude toward online advertising and were more likely to click advertisements, whereas Chinese were more likely to buy online than Romanians.     

And now a word from our sponsor: Do consumers perceive advertising on traditional television and online streaming video differently?

Despite the increasing popularity of online streaming television (OTV), there is little information regarding how perceptions of the new medium differ from traditional television (TV) viewership. The research employed online interviews among young adult viewers of OTV and traditional TV to determine whether young adult consumers (aged 18–34) regard advertising viewed within online TV programming differently than they regard advertising viewed within traditional TV programming. While advertising has long been accepted by American consumers as a necessary element of most mass communication, this research suggests that viewers of OTV programming do not regard advertising as a means to subsidize the cost of online content. Rather, young adults appear to regard advertising as an intruder in the OTV environment. Furthermore, the results indicate that Ducoffe's Advertising Value model (1995) does not predict attentiveness to advertising viewed within the OTV context. Therefore, while OTV advertising may be held to a higher creative standard than traditional TV advertising, there is no indication that entertainment value contributes to an improved attitude toward advertising in the OTV environment.     

Disclosures Exposed: Banner Ad Disclosure Adherence to FTC Guidance in the Top 100 U.S. Web Sites

With banner ads accounting for one‐fifth of the $16.4 billion spent on Internet advertising in 2006, this advertising format has become an integral marketing communications tool. Inclusion of required disclosure language and presenting those disclosures in a clear and conspicuous manner are important areas of regulatory interest and in recent years have extended to the online environment. This study examines the extent to which disclosures in banner ads in the top 100 U.S. Web sites adhere to Federal Trade Commission guidance in these two areas. Additionally, this study compares the banner ad results for clear and conspicuous presentation to those of a prior study that examined television advertising. All the banner ads in the study contained at least one disclosure; yet, adherence was mixed in terms of providing all the required information clearly and conspicuously. Implications of these results are discussed.     

How sponsorship transparency mitigates negative effects of advertising recognition

The proliferation of covert online advertising formats such as advergames has raised concerns about consumers’ ability to recognize such content as advertising and about how recognition affects evaluative outcomes. The present research utilized an online experiment (N?=?179) to examine differences between covertness of advertising format (advergame vs. online video commercials) on advertising recognition, and whether sponsorship transparency mediates – and mitigates – the negative effects of advertising recognition on attitude toward the ad, attitude toward the brand, and purchase intent. The results show that covertness of advertising format, recognition, and sponsorship transparency all shape consumers’ responses to online ads. Specifically, the predicted negative indirect effect of covertness of advertising format on attitudes and behavioral intention via advertising recognition reversed valance when sponsorship transparency was included in the serial mediation model.     

Consumer Attitudes toward Online Advertising: The Moderating Role of Personality

This study investigates how consumer attitudes toward advertising in general affect their attitudes toward online advertising. It also investigates the moderating role of the personality traits of introversion and extroversion in explaining this relationship. An online survey is used to collect data from a convenience sample of 244 respondents living in Canada. Results show that attitude toward advertising in general has a positive and significant impact on attitude toward online advertising. Introversion is found to have no moderating impact on the relationship between both attitudes. However, extroversion moderates this relationship.     

Stories as Artworks: Giving Form to Felt Dignity in Connections at Work

Controversial taboo appeals as an executional cue in viral advertising have commonly been used by advertisers. In this context, the study investigates the role of medium context on the effectiveness of controversial taboo ads. By implementing a tightly controlled experiment which deals with controversial taboo ads embedded in a press article and in a viral context, the study finds that the viral medium context does not lead to a more positive attitude toward the embedded brand or to more positive purchase intentions. In addition, a viral medium context triggers ‘unintended consequences’ that lead consumers to undermine the level of tabooness of the viral advertising and subjective norms. To increase the external validity of the research, the results were replicated for two kinds of controversial taboo appeals; one related to sexuality, and the other to death. The results provide useful implications for theory and practice. Extending viral advertising research, a different angle on controversial viral advertising has been taken, shifting from an advertiser and brand focus, to a societal and social one. The work leads to a better understanding of the ethics of controversial viral advertising, and demonstrates its role in the trivialization of taboo behaviors and imagery. The results confirm the need for more regulation of online buzz communication and encourage regulatory bodies to extend policies of viral advertising regulation.