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1.
The transformation from socialism to capitalism and from a socialist planned economy to a social market economy in the new Federal States of the Federal Republic of Germany confronts the affected people with a new life and working world. On the level of the enterprises, it is especially human resource management that is faced with integrating the different preceding experience, qualifications, and cultural values of their managers from the new Federal States into the company. In order to carry out this task adequately, human resource management needs an appropriate detailed analysis. Intercultural management research offers a suitable framework, as it is familiar with management in the context of different cultures and societies. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

2.
The EC internal market is to be completed by the end of 1992, the creation of a European Economic Space comprising the 18 countries of the EC and EFTA is underway, and the countries of Eastern Europe, above all the USSR, are talking more and more about a “European house” from the Urals to the Atlantic. How much progress has in fact been made so far in this direction? What are the main obstacles, and what developments are to be expected in the medium term?  相似文献   

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The current research investigates how successful Chinese business groups in Malaysia integrate Chinese management ideas with selected techniques from the West to form a hybrid model of management. The case research methodology was a rigorous, in-depth analysis of large successful Chinese family organizations in Malaysia. We find that management techniques from different cultures are combined in efficient Malaysian organizations, so East and West cross cultural boundaries around a continuing core of flexibility, networks, and family control. From our findings, entrepreneurs will be able to gain an understanding of how to enhance competitiveness in East Asia in general and Malaysia in particular.  相似文献   

5.
The accession of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) to the EU is expected by many to lead to the diversion of foreign direct investment towards the CEECs and away from other EU countries. The following paper focuses on the investigation of the internationalisation strategies and location choices of German multinational corporations (MNCs) in manufacturing against the background of growing regional economic integration, and particularly the fifth EU enlargement. It draws on the findings of a case study and interview results covering three German MNCs and their location choices for investment in both Ireland and the new EU member countries from Eastern Europe. This research project has been co-funded by the RIA in Dublin and DAAD. A first version of this work was presented at the September 2005 Irish Academy of Management Annual Conference in Galway.  相似文献   

6.
The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania had higher national incomes than most of the other states of the USSR. The “Southeast Asian miracle” economies often did not reach comparable levels until the 1980s. Now that the Baltic states have regained independence, are there any lessons to be drawn from the experience of the “tigers”?  相似文献   

7.
3月25日,初春的清凉空气中,带着一份期待与兴奋,由上海文广新闻传媒集团(SMG)副总裁张大钟率队的考察团一行拜访了位于巴黎的法国安吉斯,与安吉斯和凯络法国的高层做了深度的交流。  相似文献   

8.
The merger of the two German states brings together countries with divergent economic systems, different trade orientations and a rift in terms of wealth. Transforming the East German system into a social market economy raises enormous internal and external adjustment problems in a period in which West Germany already faces the challenges of the EC 1992 project and European Monetary Union. German unification reinforces concentration tendencies and protectionist tendencies that will contribute to imperfect competition processes in Europe and the global economy.  相似文献   

9.
The West has a stereotypical image of businesses, officials, and politicians, etc., in the East (Third World) countries being pervasively corrupt while it views itself as being almost completely uncorrupt. One closer look, however, realities turn out to be quite different. Business corruption is much more universal that Westerners are generally willing to accept. The major differences are that corruption in the East is practiced so blatantly that it makes major news. Western businesses, on the other hand, have, over time, developed sophisticated techniques whereby corruption becomes almost invisible. This paper discusses the myths and realities of Eastern versus Western corruption and discusses several means which have allowed Western companies to exploit others through subtle and, almost invisible means. The overall advantage, however, still goes to the West where petty corruption has been pretty much eliminated.  相似文献   

10.
To establish economic and monetary union (EMU) in East Asia, deepening regional integration through international trade is important. The economic interdependence (one of the important criteria for regional integration) study, using macro data does not reflect the indirect effects generated by interactions between different production sectors and different countries. We use the international input‐output (IIO) framework to study the economic interdependence at both macro and production sector levels. We refine the existing methods to reflect exogenous country effect and size effect of the economy. Our study suggests that establishing EMU in East Asia appears to be somewhat premature. However, we can be more optimistic for regional integration at the production sector level in East Asia when including Japan, which will create a basis for EMU in the region.  相似文献   

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在福斯特的代表作<印度之行>中,以英国和印度的文化交往为载体,揭示了东西方文化交往的曲折性,折射出东西方文化交往之路是漫长的,指出创造契机、消除隔阂应是东西方各民族的努力目标.  相似文献   

13.
中国现代的消费族群中,新生代渐渐受到社会的重视。新生代泛指16-25岁的青少年,他们追逐流行时尚,关注“个体自我”,用着新人类的语言与人交流。精信广告在调查中发现,83%的被访者表示“总在寻找展现自我的空间”,他们注重自我享受,但不是自我放纵。许多跨国公司的广告都用新新语言或者酷文化与他们沟通,如“我就是我,晶晶亮”(雪碧),”  相似文献   

14.
Ethics position theory (EPT) maintains that individuals’ personal moral philosophies influence their judgments, actions, and emotions in ethically intense situations. The theory, when describing these moral viewpoints, stresses two dimensions: idealism (concern for benign outcomes) and relativism (skepticism with regards to inviolate moral principles). Variations in idealism and relativism across countries were examined via a meta-analysis of studies that assessed these two aspects of moral thought using the ethics position questionnaire (EPQ; Forsyth, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 39, 175–184, 1980). This review identified 139 samples drawn from 29 different countries, for a total sample of 30,230 respondents, and concluded that (a) levels of idealism and relativism vary across regions of the world in predictable ways; (b) an exceptionist ethic is more common in Western countries, subjectivism and situationism in Eastern countries, and absolutism and situationism in Middle Eastern countries; and (c) a nation’s ethics position predicted that country’s location on previously documented cultural dimensions, such as individualism and avoidance of uncertainty (Hofstede, Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, 1980). Limitations in these methods and concerns about the validity of these cross-cultural conclusions are noted, as are suggestions for further research using the EPQ.  相似文献   

15.
影响我国东西部对外贸易差距的因素   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
从我国东西部地区对外贸易的现实差距出发,通过对影响贸易的因素的分析,揭示出东西部对外贸易差距的根源所在,并提出某些政策建议。  相似文献   

16.
This article asks whether Asian businesses take strategic decisions in distinctively Asian ways. It develops hypotheses about Asian decisionmaking from a consideration of theoretical cultural dimensions and empirical data in the literature. Contrary to expectations, an analysis of data from a survey of top Asian managers indicates that East Asian managers take decisions in a more rational manner relative to their Western counterparts. A distinction between social and cognitive dimensions of decision-making processes is suggested to explain some of these findings. Important unresolved questions are raised about the interpretation of cultural dimensions and about potential biases in empirical reports of East Asian decision-making characteristics. Implications for cultural differences research are discussed.  相似文献   

17.
The objective of the paper is to investigate the linkage between financial factors and employment decisions of West German firms. The underlying model is based upon rational expectations and convex adjustment costs. The time series, cross-section estimates for the period 1989–1994 are obtained using information on individual firms contained in business surveys. We find that financial constraints can indeed restrain the level of employment in small firms. On the contrary, there is no evidence that this result applies to larger firms as well.  相似文献   

18.
东中西三大经济地带农村居民收入差距研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
聂海  陆迁 《商业研究》2007,(5):108-112
采用基尼系数和泰尔指数及其分解方法研究了我国东中西三大经济地带农村居民收入差距问题。基本结论是:我国三大经济地带农村居民收入差距处在一个相对平均的阶段,但其差距有随时间变化而增大的趋势。基尼系数分解结果表明,工资性收入是导致基尼系数增大的最重要的因素,而家庭经营性收入则使基尼系数减小,财产和转移性收入对基尼系数影响不大。泰尔指数分解结果显示,东中西三大地带农村居民收入差距的组间贡献波幅不大,但组内贡献变化明显,三大地带内部差异是导致地区间农村居民收入差距扩大的主要原因。  相似文献   

19.
Since dawn of time,Syria has been a crossroads of civilization, though often described as the cradle of civilizations.  相似文献   

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