欧盟REACH法规对我国染料工业的挑战

分析欧盟REACH法规对我国化学工业将产生的影响，可以预见，染料、有机颜料和有机中间体等出口量大的化学品将成为欧盟检测的重点。毫无疑问，REACH法规抬高了欧盟化学品准入的门槛，将对我国染料工业以及下游的纺织品行业等产生不利的影响，带来严峻的挑战。     

欧盟REACH法规对我国石油和化学工业有何影响?

欧盟REACH法规的实施， 对中国石油和化学工业及相关行业来说，无论是原料生产企业，还是终端产品企业，无论产品是否出口到欧盟，都将受到不同程度的影响。我国企业应当直面挑战，积极应对，早行动，早受益。[编者按]     

REACH法规2006年实施化工产品进入欧盟门槛将提高

据悉，欧盟《关于化学品注册、评估、许可和限制制度》(REACH法规)将于2006年开始实施。专业人士分析，这将大大提高化工产品进入欧盟的门槛，虽对整个医药行业影响不大。但大宗原料药出口商将受不利影响。     

“应对欧盟REACH专家峰会”在北京召开

欧盟REACH法规已于2006年底表决通过．将干2007年6月1日开始全面实施。履行欧盟新法规各项工作的主体是生产企业。REACH的实施．无论是否与欧盟有贸易往来，都将会对所有化学品生产企业产生影响。尤其是化学品原料制造企业。     

石化企业欧盟REACH法规的应对及思考

欧盟REACH法规的推出对保护人类健康和环境安全,保持和提高区域化学工业的竞争力,追求社会可持续发展具有积极的意义。中国石化企业,特别是出口欧盟的化工原料或化学品企业如何应对REACH法规,引出了许多相关问题的思考。通过石化企业应对欧盟REACH法规利弊分析,应以积极的姿态组织产业链的调查,提高相关人员对REACH法规的认知程度,并在日常新产品研发中增强环保和安全意识,降低出口化学品的生产成本,提高出口欧盟化学品的竞争能力。     

中纺协调查REACH法规预注册情况

欧盟REACH法规的预注册阶段已经结束,国家质量监督检验检疫总局和中国纺织工业协会拟对前阶段的工作进行系统总结。为此,中国纺织工业协会发函,要求已经进行了欧盟REACH法规预注     

《欧盟REACH法规法律文本》(全译本)面世

欧盟《关于化学品注册、评估、授权与限制的法规》（简称REACH法规）的立法过程已于2006年12月13日完成。2006年12月18日，欧洲议会主席和欧盟理事会主席共同签发了《REACH法规》法律文本。《REACH法规》已于今年6月1日起生效。2008年6月1日起进入实施。     

改变观念 积极应对REACH

自2007年6月1日欧盟REACH法案正式生效后，谈论REACH的文章和各种观点不断充斥各种媒体，但大都针对REACH的影响力、内容复杂性和应对重要性等问题，而没有针对企业真正关注的实际问题。笔者通过参与商务部组织的REACH调研工作及在工作中所掌握的企业实际情况。从正确认识REACH法规、目前企业应对REACH法规的具体措施、现阶段联合注册的困难、政府与中国石油和化学工业协会等行业协会的作用四方面解析，来帮助企业更好的应对REACH。     

中国石油和化学工业协会应对欧盟PEACH法规工作的回顾

2003年5月,欧盟颁布“关于化学品注册、评估、许可和限制的咨询文件”（简称REACH法规）以来,鉴于对我国石油和化工行业的巨大影响,中国石油和化学工业协会在政府部门的指导下,对REACH法规进行跟踪,向欧盟有关方面提出修改意见,向企业进行宣传、动员、培训,做好应对准备。2007年6月REACH法规生效后。协会把应对工作重点转到为企业向欧盟化学品管理局进行登记的组织服务工作上来。     

欧盟REACH法规对我国石油化工行业的影响

<正>REACH法规议案是继欧盟在2003年3月初发表修改后的《未来化学品政策战略(草案)》白皮书之后,5月7日又发表的与之相配套的《关于化学品注册、评估、许可和限制的咨询文件》即REACH法规议案,至今已过去了近两年时间,其间欧盟已于2004年1月21日向世界贸易组织作了通报。按照欧盟拟定的时间表,再过一年的时间,这项法规就得生效实施,对我国石化行业来说可谓是迫在眉睫。欧盟的REACH法规虽说是关于化学品注册、评估、许可和限制的法     

欧盟REACH法案对我国医药行业的影响和启示

目的 探讨欧盟REACH法案对我国医药行业产生的影响和应对策略。方法通过研究REACH法案的主要内容、目标和采取的手段,分析哪些医药产品在REACH法案的管制范围之内,以及它会产生何种程度的影响。结果和结论目前REACH法案对我国医药行业的影响还是有限的,但我们仍应密切关注其发展动态,随时做好应对的准备,同时不断完善我国相应的法规和制度.     

欧盟《未来化学品新政策》对我国化工行业的影响

欧盟公布的《未来化学品新政策》白皮书实际上是一种新的绿色壁垒和贸易壁垒形式。它给我国的化工行业带来了新的严峻的挑战 ,将使我国的染料、颜料、农药、有机中间体、纺织品等的出口成本、创制成本大幅提高 ,制约了这些产品的出口和发展。应对措施是 :强化观念转变 ,提高产品质量和检测技术水平 ;强化体制改革 ,积极开发新产品 ,从而在面对欧盟新政策的挑战中争得主动 ,赢得胜利。     

厂商会检定中心在深举办REACH法规研讨会

近年来，我国出口欧盟产品再遇挑战，继WEEE、RoHS与EuP三大环保指令实施后，又迎来一波影响更大、涉及产品更广的绿色考验——欧盟新法规《关于化学品注册、评估、许可和限制》（简称REACH法规），并于2007年6月1日开始全面实施。     

切勿望文生义 玩具企业需关注欧REACH法规

欧盟REACH法规全称为“关于化学品注册、评估、许可和限制法案”,目前国内不少企业望文生义,以为REACH法规仅与石油、化工、医药等行业有关。而机电、家电、电子、玩具、服装等国内企业则漠然视之。从记者在珠三角地区玩具企业的调查来看,时至9月,大部分玩具出口企业仍然没有完成REACH法规的注册。不少企业认为REACH法规是政府的事，指望政府来完成，与玩具企业瓜葛不多。还有一些企业则认为距离截止日仍有一段时间，可以继续观望。     

The Impact of Acquiring EU Status on the Earnings of East European Migrants in the UK: Evidence from a Quasi‐Natural Experiment

On 1 May 2004, 10 new states — including the ‘A8’ countries in Central and Eastern Europe — joined the European Union (EU). This article explores the impact of EU enlargement on A8 workers who were already working in the UK before 1 May 2004 — legally or illegally. More specifically, the article analyses the impact of the change in the legal (immigration) status that A8 workers experienced on 1 May 2004 on their earnings in the UK. The empirical analysis employs difference‐in‐difference estimation using data obtained from a relatively small but unique survey of migrant workers from four of the A8 countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Lithuania) and two other East European countries (Ukraine and Bulgaria), carried out one month before and six to eight months after EU enlargement in May 2004. The results of this exploratory analysis suggest a statistically significant and positive impact of acquiring EU status on earnings. The data further indicate that, in part, this effect was brought about by A8 workers gaining the right to freely change jobs after EU enlargement. There is no evidence of a ‘legalization effect’ on earnings.     

Saving two in a billion:: quantifying the trade effect of European food safety standards on African exports

A growing concern over health risks associated with food products has prompted close examination of sanitary and phytosanitary standards in industrialized countries. This paper quantifies the impact of a new harmonized aflatoxin standard set by the EU on food exports from Africa. We employ a gravity model to estimate the impact of changes in differing levels of protection based on the EU standard, in contrast to those suggested by international standards. The analysis is based on trade and regulatory survey data for 15 European countries and nine African countries between 1989 and 1998. Our results suggest that the implementation of the new aflatoxin standard in the EU will have a negative impact on African exports of cereals, dried fruits and nuts to Europe. The new EU standard, which would reduce health risk by approximately 1.4 deaths per billion a year, will decrease these African exports by 64% or US$ 670 million, in contrast to regulation set through an international standard.     

Impact of increasing liquid biofuel usage on EU and UK agriculture

The biofuels industry in both the UK and the EU as a whole has expanded significantly in recent years in response to various EU biofuel policy initiatives. Further expansion of biofuel demand will increase the impact of the biofuels sector on agricultural markets. This paper examines the impact that increasing levels of first generation biofuel demand to 10% of total transport fuel use in the UK and other EU Member States would have on agricultural markets within the EU and specifically the UK using a partial equilibrium modelling system. Increasing overall biodiesel demand raises demand for vegetable oil and oilseed and in turn their prices. The increased grain demand in response to the increased bioethanol demand is mostly sourced from changes in EU net trade.     

The impact of the European Novel Food Regulation on trade and food innovation based on traditional plant foods from developing countries

The stringent food safety assessment for novel foods required by the European Union’s Novel Food Regulation (NFR) places a high burden of proof on those bringing traditional food products to the EU market not consumed in the EU prior 1997. The regulation has emerged as a non-tariff trade barrier for heritage foods from developing countries that are viewed as “exotic” from the EU perspective. We show how the regulation has discouraged investment in supply chains and market development, and how this negatively affects income generation and rural poverty alleviation in developing countries. Focusing on plant-derived foods, this paper proposes to recognize traditional exotic foods in current EU law as a food category sui generis with food safety evidence requirements being proportionate to the risks they may pose. We argue that development activities promoting export food chains must increasingly accommodate legitimate food safety concerns about neglected food species in project design and seek to generate data to enhance regulatory acceptance in target markets.     

欢盟新成员国会不会发生区域性货币危机——与1997年东南亚的比较分析

当前中东欧地区的欧盟新成员国已经深受金融危机的影响,通过与1997年东南亚国家汇率制度的比较可以发现,欧盟新成员国发生区域性货币危机的可能性较小,但部分国家的汇率制度在防范货币危机方面处于被动地位。在经常账户方面,欧盟新成员国的贸易赤字主要集中在欧盟内部,经常账户引发货币危机的可能性同样较小。从这两方面来看,中东欧的欧盟新成员国不会发生区域性货币危机,但需要欧盟给予强有力的外部支持。     

Is business lobbying in the European Union context-dependent? Evidence from the policy field of radio spectrum

This paper investigates contextual factors which impact on how business lobbying is carried out in radio spectrum policy in the European Union (EU). Based on the empirical evidence collected by means of ten expert interviews, the following considerations are drawn: first, the European Commission (hereafter “the Commission”) weighs highly information provided by corporate stakeholders which is in line with the EU objective to promote EU-wide coordinated use of radio spectrum. Second, the way the Council of the EU (hereafter “the Council”) is lobbied at EU level is unclear because of lack of transparency in the Council. Third, radio spectrum policy issues require niche expertise to be addressed because of high degree of complexity. Fourth, radio spectrum policy issues are characterised by low degree of salience as they are too technical for the wider public. Although centred on the EU context, the issues raised in this study, such as lack of transparency and civil society underrepresentation, are not unique to the EU system. In this respect, comparative studies between the EU and other institutional contexts may contribute to a better understanding of variation in business lobbying.