云上的梦想发射器

轻资产的云创业公司,在硅谷、海法这样的创新核心区早已不算新鲜,但在中国,却鲜有像Dropbox、Klout和Evernote这样的成功案例。究其原因,无外乎因为国内的云服务商由于数据中心基础设施普遍欠佳、两张大网互通性问题、缺乏强有力的开发生态,而不能提供商用级别的云平台;而微软、亚马逊、谷歌等技术领先的云平台,却又因为政策的管制而无法进入中国市场。     

Dark clouds over the Internet?

Currently, the Internet is characterized by excess capacity, which benefits consumers and producers of Internet-based services alike. High quality and declining prices of interconnection are the basis for many e-commerce, software and equipment businesses. However, tough competition in the Internet backbone market driving these developments could ruin network operators and threaten other markets, too. This paper will pursue the idea of the Internet backbone market's decline based on standard economic theory. The paper will present several scenarios and discuss potential market- and policy-based remedies. It is argued that due to a phenomenon called capacity paradox the industry's future development is overshadowed by “dark clouds”.     

动画创作后继乏人中国动画莫为浮云遮望眼

动画片《小蝌蚪找妈妈》、《三个和尚》、《大闹天宫》、《阿凡提的故事》。 动画，既有电影的叙事功能，又有绘画的表现力，因此常常被称为“奇幻的艺术”。说起动画，可以说是众人皆知，甚至是一个热门产业一一越来越多的高校开设起相关专业，许多地方建起了规模不一的动漫产业园反。     

Access Pricing under Competition: An Application to Cellular Networks

A new class of access pricing problems is analyzed in which upstream firms compete for customers and access to these customers is required by downstream markets. Using fixed–to–cellular calls as an example, a model is presented which shows that the determination of cellular termination charges is quite different to standard access pricing problems. Competition between cellular firms leads to access prices being set either at, or above, the monopoly level. Applications are given for other market settings, including the termination of long–distance calls on competing local exchange networks and the setting of interchange fees in payment systems.     

两相位交叉口左转车辆抢行的元胞自动机模型

为了解决道路两相位交叉口所存在的左转车辆抢行问题,避免造成严重交通冲突,首先分析了左转车辆抢行行为、路径抢行、以及与直行车辆到达冲突点的时间差相关的概率抢行,在考虑过街行人对抢行行为干扰的情况下,构建了车辆、行人耦合的双路径左转-直行冲突元胞自动机模型,通过计算机仿真分析研究了左转车辆抢行行为对交叉口通行能力的影响。结果表明,无过街行人时,左转车辆抢行使交叉口通行能力下降约5%;有过街行人干扰时,交叉口的通行能力则进一步降低10%～25%。研究结果可为提高道路交叉口服务水平、提高道路通行率和安全性决策提供参考。     

Cellular manufacturing: the development of the idea and its application

This article charts the development of the idea of cellular manufacturing (CM) from its beginnings to its present status as a general organizational principle. Using survey data and a case study, an assessment is made of the application of CM and its trends for the future, especially from the human resources perspective.     

Discriminatory Dealing with Downstream Competitors: Evidence from the Cellular Industry

One concern about regulated monopolies entering unregulated vertically-related markets is that they will discriminate against competitors of their unregulated affiliates. However, prohibiting regulated monopolies from offering related goods may preclude production by the most efficient provider. We take advantage of variation across geographic cellular phone markets in the US to examine the effect of integration on output, quality and prices. We find some evidence consistent with efficiencies (greater concentration of lines to users is associated with greater output and higher quality) and some consistent with discrimination (greater interconnection facility ownership concentration is associated with lower output and quality).     

Cellular economies of scale and why disparities in spectrum holdings are detrimental

Now that traffic volumes are increasing rapidly, the cost of expanding capacity has become a large portion of expenditures for Mobile Network Operators (MNOs). This paper uses an engineering-economic model to show that there are strong economies of scale when expanding capacity, because an MNO with more spectrum benefits more from every new cell tower, and an MNO with more towers benefits more from every new MHz of spectrum. While it is technically possible to expand capacity by increasing either towers or spectrum holdings, we find that the cost-effective approach is to increase both types of assets at a similar rate. In the absence of countervailing policies, the big MNOs are well positioned to get bigger, in terms of spectrum holdings, towers, and ultimately market share. For policymakers, this economy of scale creates a trade-off between two important objectives: reducing the cost of cellular capacity, and increasing competition. This paper derives the Pareto optimal division of spectrum with respect to these two competing objectives, and shows that any Pareto optimal assignment will split the spectrum fairly evenly among competing MNOs. This is not simply a method of ensuring that there are many competitors; spectrum should be divided fairly evenly regardless of whether the number of competitors is large or small. A large disparity in spectrum holdings may yield poor results with respect to both objectives, i.e. the lower cost-effectiveness of a larger number of MNOs, and the lower competitive pressure of a smaller number of MNOs. One effective way to achieve a division of spectrum that is close to Pareto optimal is a spectrum cap, provided that this cap is set at a level consistent with other policies and policy objectives, including antitrust policy.     

木玩携手幼教，共启智慧人生——第五届中国木制玩具文化节在云和隆重举办

棚棚如生的葫芦兄弟、勇敢善良的马郎,甲虫、金龟子、蜜蜂、螳螂、蜘蛛……各式木制玩具应有尽有,11月1日-3日,第五届中国木制玩具文化节在浙江云和举行。     

乌云尚未散尽天晴还需时日--对2002世界纺织运行态势的评述

2001年的世界纺织服装行业,市场疲软、贸易额下降,可谓阴云密布.2002年世界经济出现微弱复苏,世界各国纺织服装业表现不一,除了中国、越南等少数国家纺织服装业表现抢眼外,大部分国家的纺织服装业仍处于困境之中.     

The Impact of Technological Innovations on Work Design in a Cellular Manufacturing Environment

The impact of developments in market and technology on grouping machinery and work design is analysed. Over time a cellular design changed into a functional system with fewer cells, fewer workers and fewer but more advanced machines. This encourages high utilisation, specialised workers and the pooling of similar resources, making operators more process-oriented.