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《民办教育促进法》颁布以来,在全社会引起了一系列激烈的争论。这些争论在实质上都围绕这样两个问题:应该如何认识民办教育的公益性?如何合理界定民办教育的非营利性内涵?本文正是在对这两个问题进行剖析的基础上,对我区政府及教育主管部门在制定有关民办教育的政策时需要注意的问题提出建议。 相似文献
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我国现行针对非营利组织的税收优惠法律制度规定较为笼统,对非营利组织营利性和非营利性的标准没有明确。因此,主张不论非营利组织从事营利性还是非营利性活动都给与税收优惠可能违背税收优惠政策制定的初衷。本文提出应从静态的资格优惠转向动态的行为优惠,以营利活动是否体现组织的非营利目的为标准来确定税收优惠政策在非营利组织营利性活动方面的适用。 相似文献
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税收作为国民收入的一种重要分配手段,在经济生活中起着聚集财政收入,调节经济运行的作用,如何使人民所缴纳的税款与国库财政收入之差为最小?如何使课税对国民经济的负效应最小?这就牵引到税收成本与税收效率的问题,本试探讨降低税收成本、提高税收效率的途径。 相似文献
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民办教育作为我国社会主义教育体系的重要组成部分,对促进教育公平、提升教育质量、保障人民受教育权利等方面具有重要意义。本文将对我国的民办教育进行探讨,回顾我国民办教育的发展历程,分析民办教育的现状及问题,并对民办教育的未来做出展望。 相似文献
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李丽 《内蒙古财经学院学报》2001,(2):41-43
电子商务对现行税制的挑战是:难以确认纳税义务人和征税对象,难以确定课税对象的性质;对税收征管带来了困难,对国家税收管辖权的概念带来冲击,国际上对电子商务征税问题的主张是:免税、遵循现行税制;开征新税,我国制订电子商务税收政策的思路和建议是:近期免税,长期应保持税收中性原则,以现行税制为基础的原则;制定加强电子商务的征管措施;加强国际税收合作;完善国际税收协定。 相似文献
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当前,税制体制改革存在财税体制不兼容、税务机构不合理、税制结构不合理三忧,使财税体制改革出现很多困难。应从以下几方面进行全面配套的财税体制改革:适当下放财权,适当上收事权;调整税种,完善税制;深化税务机构改革。 相似文献
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Alessandro Balestrino 《International Tax and Public Finance》2000,7(4-5):463-478
In contrast to what used to be conventional wisdom among economists,several recent contributions have shown that in-kind transfersschemes can be welfare-improving in the presence of distortionarytaxes (usually, linear taxes or a general income tax). In thisnote, we extend previous work by considering the most generaltax system compatible with reasonable information constraints,i.e. a mix of linear indirect and non-linear direct taxes. Threemain results are noted. We find that in the presence of a mixedtax system (as opposed to the non-linear income tax alone): i) not only encouraged but also discouraged goods satisfy a conditionfor the desirability of public provision; ii) there is a tendencyfor the optimal level of in-kind transfers to be lower; iii)there is a basic equivalence between uniform and income-contingentin-kind transfers. We also show how previous results can be derivedas special cases of ours and others have to be modified to accountfor the mixed tax system. 相似文献
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2011年新个人所得税改革政策出台后,我国的个人所得税仍然面临诸多矛盾冲突,如缺乏整体税制设计、改革的指导思想不够明确以及改革缺乏对征管约束的考量等。应明晰个税改革的目标和责任,对改革进行准确定位;对税制进行整体设计,推动个税向综合与分类相结合的制度突破;适时跟进个税征管领域的配套改革。 相似文献
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要从根本上提高公民的纳税意识,仅仅依靠严厉的惩罚手段是远远不够的。在税收宣传和征管工作中必须灵活运用马斯洛的需求层次理论,分辨出不同纳税人的不同需要和共同需要,对纳税人实施科学的激励,创造和改善条件,满足纳税人的多层次需求,从而全面、有效地提升公民的纳税意识。 相似文献
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在我国的税收实践中,虽然纳税人是导致税收流失最主要的方面,但由于征税人方面的原因而导致的税收流失也不容忽视。运用预期效用理论,对税务人员的违规行为进行建模分析的结果表明,应加强对税务人员的管理,以防止和减少因税务人员的违规所导致的税收流失。 相似文献
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We explore whether corporate tax enforcement can affect bank lending. Specifically, we hypothesize that tax enforcement efforts aimed at small and midsized enterprises (SME) can improve their information environments, which in turn could lead to increased bank commercial lending. Exploiting the regional structure employed by the IRS until 1999, we find that the corporate tax return audit probability for SMEs is associated with greater commercial lending growth for regionally focused banks. We find similar evidence when exploiting the IRS reorganization from a regional to federal system in 2000. Further results show that tax enforcement's impact on SME informational environments is at least partially responsible for this association: The impact of tax auditing on bank lending is stronger for banks facing greater informational disadvantages and in areas where SMEs face greater hold-up problems. Finally, we find that the tax audit rate is positively associated with loan portfolio quality, suggesting that tax enforcement can lead to better loan decisions. Our findings are consistent with the tax authority's mandate having important externalities on bank lending and SME access to capital, suggesting that the benefits to tax enforcement go beyond improving tax collection. 相似文献