关键词：现金为王

企业决策要重点考虑“尽量提前收回现金”,切忌以牺牲长期现金流量来改善短期利润状况,避免出现“良好的经营成果与忧心的财务困难并存”的尴尬局面。     

Idiosyncratic Risk Matters!

This paper takes a new look at the predictability of stock market returns with risk measures. We find a significant positive relation between average stock variance (largely idiosyncratic) and the return on the market. In contrast, the variance of the market has no forecasting power for the market return. These relations persist after we control for macroeconomic variables known to forecast the stock market. The evidence is consistent with models of time‐varying risk premia based on background risk and investor heterogeneity. Alternatively, our findings can be justified by the option value of equity in the capital structure of the firms.     

Why Inside Money Matters

This note observes that in a simple infinite horizon economy with heterogeneous endowments and a cash-in-advance constraint fiat money can be used to implement a Pareto optimum only with type-specific taxation. By contrast, if credit contracts are enforceable, the same allocation can be reached in equilibrium without type specific policy. We argue that the advantages of inside money and the fact that they depend on the capacity of the economy to enforce the repayment of debt direct us toward the study of the institutional infrastructure underlying self-enforcing inside money equilibria.     

Land Values: Size Matters

The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics - Using Clark County, Nevada land auction data from the Bureau of Land Management, we find evidence that the price paid per acre of land initially...     

关键审计事项与公司业绩

在审计报告中增加关键审计事项段落,丰富了审计报告的信息含量,提升了审计报告作为桥梁的沟通价值。本文利用2017年上市公司年报审计的相关数据,研究披露关键审计事项对于公司业绩的影响,并进一步探究股权性质和内部控制质量在二者关系中的作用。本文研究发现,披露关键事项越多,公司业绩越差,由于国有企业具有更多的政策扶持和资源优势,披露关键事项与公司业绩的负相关关系较弱,高质量的内部控制水平可以提高公司的风险防控水平和决策质量,提升投资者的信任程度,因此披露关键审计事项与公司业绩之间的负相关程度较弱。     

Property Rights and Urban Development: Initial Title Quality Matters Even When it No Longer Matters

Formal title to property allows owners to borrow for investing in improvements. Title legalization laws, however, appear to yield only modest increases in housing quality in developing countries. We offer a simple model in which squatters initially balance initial investment in low quality structures to reduce the risk of eviction against the future effect of increasing the marginal cost of improving quality. The effort to secure initial possession thereby creates a legacy effect, reducing subsequent investments in housing quality. Empirical tests using Bolivian data yield results consistent with the legacy theory: initial title risk suppresses long run housing quality.     

宏观问题VS.微观思路

最近各地报纸电台都在热议出租车加打车软件的合理性问题,其实,像北京等大城市,打车难的问题不是打车软件能根除的,关键问题在于政府目前还在用计划经济的模式来管理市场运作,本文从成本链控制管理的角度拟对比做些思考与探讨。有关打车软件是否要打压,进而引发的出租车公司是否存在暴利的争论,笔者觉得这是一个牵涉"顾客、司机和租车公司"多方利益的供应链成本管控问题,用"抓两头"的方法就能够把握问题的核心。"打的交易"涉及多方利益,抽去中间,两头就是顾客的出价与经营公司的成本。过去7年,车费一直维持在每公里2元,而同期油价几乎翻倍。     

亟需夯实高速快车下的路基

2006年上半年国内生产总值同比增长10.9%,创近10年新高。面对不断加速的中国经济列车,下一步宏观调控政策应注重两点:一要对固定资产、房地产市场和产能过剩进行调控;二要加大体制改革步伐、加快制度创新,以保证经济列车能够继续平稳运行下去。     

Culture Matters: How Our Culture Affects the Audit*

If the influence of national cultures on the implementation of global standards is not taken into account, the result will be inconsistent implementation at best and outright failure at worst. The experiences in fields such as medicine, peacekeeping, aviation, and environmental protection offer insight into possible difficulties with the implementation, beginning in 2010, of International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) by members of the International Federation of Accountants. Some countries may have difficulty with implementation because of the differences between their cultural assumptions and those embodied in the standards to be adopted. It is too soon to know if and where that will happen, especially because the data on first experiences will not begin to be available until 2013. However, cultural‐comparison data can be used to foresee which countries may have difficulty with implementation. But if unintended consequences do become evident, it will be important not to assume that the standards and the standard‐setting process are defective; it is more likely that practitioners will need help in interpreting the ISAs in light of their local culture. A useful first step would be for standard‐setting bodies to identify explicitly the cultural assumptions inherent in the standards they produce. The standard setters can then give that information to those responsible for standards implementation at the practitioner level to help promote consistent application of the standards globally.     

关于农业政策性银行法律问题的若干思考

当前我国农发行开始遭遇发展瓶颈,其与生俱来的缺陷与弱点也暴露无疑。农业政策性银行的运行出现了法律地位不明确、经营机制不完善、实践上缺乏科学前瞻性等问题。因此,对我国农业政策性银行的反思与重构已势在必行。本文分析了农业政策性银行的法律规范体系,提出构建我国农业政策性银行立法体系的思路。     

人民币理财市场风险当防患未然

在目前股市低迷、房地产价格高企、投资渠道狭窄的情况下,人民币理财产品作为金融市场的创新品种,由商业银行率先推出后立即受到投资人的热烈关注。短期的快速发展人民币理财产品是指经过银监会批准、由商业银行推出的有一定额度、期限和利率预期的金融产品,商业银行接受投资人委托,将其资金投资于银行间债券市场上信誉级别较高的国债,金融债和央行票据的债券,并保证到期一次还本付息的代客理财业务。一般人民币理财产品的期限较短,有三个月、半年,一年的,最长是三年期,预期收益率通常远远高于同期的储蓄存款利率,而且该产品的收益免予税收。由于这一产品在安全性、流动性和收益性上具有其他产品所无法比拟的优势,所以在许多城市一经推出便出现了老百姓排队抢购     

Location Matters: An Examination of Trading Profits

The electronic trading system Xetra of the German Security Exchange provides a unique data source on the equity trades of 756 professional traders located in 23 different cities and eight European countries. We explore informational asymmetries across the trader population: Traders located outside Germany in non-German-speaking cities show lower proprietary trading profit. Their underperformance is not only statistically significant, it is also of economically significant magnitude and occurs for the 11 largest German blue-chip stocks. We also examine whether a trader location in Frankfurt as the financial center, or local proximity of the trader to the corporate headquarters of the traded stock, or affiliation with a large financial institution results in superior trading performance. The data provide no evidence for a financial center advantage or of increasing institutional scale economies in proprietary trading. However, we find evidence for an information advantage due to corporate headquarters proximity for high-frequency (intraday) trading.     

Competition among Financial Intermediaries When Diversification Matters

Many models predict that the diversification and efficiency of financial intermediaries (“banks”) increases with their size, so that a relatively unrestricted banking sector will settle into an equilibrium with several large, well-diversified, and competitive banks. However, this prediction is at odds with the actual pattern of unrestricted banking sector evolution in many countries. I develop a model that motivates this actual pattern and examine the model's implications for regulatory policy. I show that an investor's return from a bank depends on the number of investors using that bank; this adoption externality makes investor beliefs about other investors' actions critical for bank competition. In a young banking system with free entry, coordination problems lead to excessive fragmentation, and debt overhang makes it difficult for small banks to capture additional market share. As the system matures, many banks fail, and the survivors become the focus of investor beliefs; these incumbents gain a strong advantage over entrants, facilitating collusion. Entry restrictions reduce fragmentation but aid collusion, while government insurance for investors reduces incumbency advantage and collusion but may cause excessive fragmentation. Thus, regulators may wish to impose temporary entry restrictions, along with partial insurance. These results are consistent with historical evidence from several countries.Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification Numbers: G21, G22, L13.     

直销银行未来发展之要

自2013年以来,我国推出直销银行模式的银行机构已经超过135家,但除了百信银行是首家法人直销银行外,其他直销银行基本上处于传统银行部门或事业部运作状态。随着银行数字化转型的提速,直销银行法人化将成为重要发展趋势。随着直销银行市场竞争的加剧,除部分直销银行能够保持全价值链布局外,在细分市场构建差异化核心竞争力是大多数直销银行未来的发展策略。     

What Matters to Individual Investors? Evidence from the Horse's Mouth

We survey a representative sample of U.S. individuals about how well leading academic theories describe their financial beliefs and decisions. We find substantial support for many factors hypothesized to affect portfolio equity share, particularly background risk, investment horizon, rare disasters, transactional factors, and fixed costs of stock market participation. Individuals tend to believe that past mutual fund performance is a good signal of stock-picking skill, actively managed funds do not suffer from diseconomies of scale, value stocks are safer and do not have higher expected returns, and high-momentum stocks are riskier and do have higher expected returns.     

当前人民银行支付清算管理中存在的问题及对策

支付清算指中央银行作为一国支付清算体系的参与者和管理者，通过一定的方式和途径提供支付清算业务，维护支付系统的平稳运行，使金融机构之间的债权债务清偿及资金转移顺利完成，从而保证经济活动的正常进行的金融业务。支付清算作为债权债务清偿和资金给付的重要手段，关系到社会资金正常划转的速度和安全，关系到金融稳定，关系到国民经济的稳健运行。人民银行既是支付清算工作平台的提供者，又是支付清算体系的维护者，建立和完善统一、高效、安全的支付清算系统，维护支付清算工作的正常运行，是人民银行的法定职责，也是人民银行的重要职能。随着大额支付系统的推广实施，支付结算体制更加完善，资金清算更加快捷。但同时资金的风险点增多，隐蔽性增强，案发的可能性也增大。     

农信社统一法人改革应注意十个问题

实行一级法人体制，是农村信用社经营管理体制的重大变革。在实施过程中，应注意把握政策尺度，有效解决实际问题，避免改革出现偏差。