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1.
Entrepreneurial orientation, management commitment, and human capital: The internationalization of SMEs in India 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make sizeable contributions to the economic success of nations. Research concerning the internationalization of SMEs is available in the context of developed economies but less is can be found dealing specifically with the entrepreneurial behavior and international expansion of SMEs in emerging markets such as India. This research extends the literature addressing the relationships surrounding the internationalization of SMEs in India as related to entrepreneurial behavior, firm resources, and commitment to internationalization. Entrepreneurial orientation, a commitment to internationalization, and the ability to leverage human capital influence the international success of Indian SMEs, based on the analysis of data collected from 150 Indian SMEs. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of World Business》2020,55(6):101110
This study examines the effect of key internationalization contingencies on SME survival. We argue early internationalization increases the probability of firm failure, while international experience reduces it. However, the survival odds among international new ventures may be improved by their post-entry international expansion scope and speed, and by managers’ competencies. These internationalization facets provide firms with opportunities to develop and exploit their resources and capabilities, and thus enhance their survival chances. Drawing on a sample of 271 manufacturers followed between 2005 and 2014, we find results that provide support to most of our arguments, and hold theoretical and managerial relevance. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT Starting from a modified version of the Cavusgil and Zou (1994) theoretical framework, in which the level of internationalization of online Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is considered as an aggregated indicator of the export marketing strategy and a measurement of export performance, this paper investigates the influence of a series of internal and external factors on the internationalization of online SMEs. It expands the empirical framework used by Luo et al. (2005) in an attempt to explain the internationalization of online SMEs by integrating both organizational and market factors, thus improving the explanatory power of internationalization models, and enhancing their applicability for professionals. 相似文献
4.
Dave Crick 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2007,5(1-2):11-23
A body of research exists in the area of international entrepreneurship and a number of motives for internationalizing have
been identified. However, once firms commence exporting, mixed results have been found in respect of the most appropriate
market servicing strategy. This paper reports on findings from a survey of UK small to medium enterprises investigating their
motives for internationalizing. Multivariate quantitative analysis of survey data and subsequent findings from interviews
indicate that differences exist between two groups of firms, that is, those that employ as a strategy an approach that concentrates
on key overseas markets compared with those that spread their efforts over a number of markets. However, perhaps more important
is the finding that managers’ commitment to overseas activities has a strong influence over and above the strategy employed
and this change over time is likely to affect the market servicing strategy employed. 相似文献
5.
《International Business Review》2014,23(3):635-647
International entrepreneurship literature has indicated that entrepreneurs often increase international activities along unexpected lines of reasoning without having a precise goal, resulting in “unplanned” internationalization. We argue that “unplanned” internationalization does not necessarily involve non-logical decisions; but, entrepreneurs can follow an effectual rather than causal logic and may base their decisions on the affordable loss principle rather than on the maximization of expected returns. Based on five case-studies, we discuss the implication of effectual decision-making on the internationalization process. We find that switching from causal to effectual logic allows firms to rapidly increase the level of commitment in the foreign market and could assist in overcoming liabilities of outsidership and, therefore, successfully increase the level of commitment in the foreign market. 相似文献
6.
The crisis of the new economy might have cast doubt on the usefulness of the Internet for business activities. However, it
is unquestionable that the possibilities offered by Internet-based technologies in terms of information processing, transfer
and collection enable the firm to improve market knowledge and the relationship with clients and suppliers.
This work explores, theoretically and empirically, the possibilities offered by the Internet to facilitate the internationalization
process of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) as well as to improve the relationship with other firms within the same value
chain. Using a wide representative sample of Spanish SMEs, the empirical analysis confirms the benefits of the Internet in
both cases. 相似文献
7.
8.
Despite the fact that many firms in a wide range of industries in various countries internationalize at or near inception,
research on factors leading to the formation of born-globals has been limited to firms from advanced, open economies. In order
to give a voice to the phenomenon of Vietnamese founding born-globals, we conducted an exploratory, multiple-case study. Three
findings of this study are: (1) the major driver to the formation of Vietnamese born-globals is the entrepreneurs’ leadership
desire together with the need for short-term profits; (2) their choice of internationalization mode is influenced by market
conditions as well as the internationalization degree of the industries in which they find their business opportunities; and
(3) the reason why other motivators found in earlier studies do not apply lies in the peculiarity of the Vietnam context.
相似文献
Li Choy ChongEmail: |
9.
This study examines the influence of three informal institutions, performance orientation, self-expression and social desirability, on the extent of internationalization by early stage entrepreneurial firms. We employed multi-level modeling techniques using 20,656 individual-level responses obtained from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) survey for 39 countries from 2001 to 2008, and supplementing with country-level data obtained from the World Values Survey (WVS) and the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) study. The results demonstrate that high performance orientation, high self-expression, and low social desirability of entrepreneurship in societies increase the extent of internationalization by early-stage entrepreneurial firms. The study promotes new theory and empirical findings on the relationship between informal institutions and entrepreneurial agency. 相似文献
10.
The concept born global firms has gained a spectacular increase in interest from both academic and political circles. Rigorous quantitative treatment of born global firms are however rare in the international business/economics literature. Implementing unique data on all Swedish start-ups during 1998–2008 in the manufacturing sector, we conclude that born global firms are a very rare event, that their prevalence seems invariant to time, and that they perform similar to other matched “twin” firms with regard to profitability and productivity but report a considerably higher growth in employment and sales. These results are robust to a wider definition of born global firms and to the timing of performance measurements. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of World Business》2016,51(3):413-424
Professional service firms (PSF) from emerging markets face a financial dilemma: PSFs tend to utilize high-wage labor, yet their emerging market status makes foreign clients cautious regarding quality and less willing to pay high prices. To allay these concerns, PSFs may be able to develop attractive, highly innovative services, but as the resource-based view (RBV) notes, this requires emerging market firms to possess critical capabilities to support such a competitive advantage. Relying on services theory, we propose that entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of management and expert human capital (HC) are critical capabilities, enabling a PSF to develop and market innovative services profitably. In testing our model on 201 Indian PSFs, we find a mediating role for innovativeness whereby EO and HC drive service innovation which, in turn, accounts for financial performance. Further, we find EO positively moderates the innovative service–performance relationship as proactive, risk-tolerant managers improve foreign marketing. Insights for theory and practice are provided that enable PSFs to overcome the constraints and challenges of their emerging market origin. 相似文献
12.
Drawing from entrepreneurship, cognition, and international business theory, this paper develops a model integrating individual-level
and firm-level characteristics to provide an entrepreneurial cognition perspective on the internationalization of small and
medium size ventures. The model is tested on a sample of Spanish ventures using structural equation modeling techniques (partial
least squares). Support is found for the central role of cognition and risk perception of CEOs in explaining the implementation
of international expansion strategies for their firms. 相似文献
13.
《International Business Review》2014,23(1):115-129
Previous studies on the internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have typically compared the performance of internationalized SMEs (I-SMEs) with that of non-internationalized SMEs. However, not all I-SMEs can successfully lead the international market either unless they should consistently strive to attain and maintain competitive advantages. Thus, this study aims at identifying success factors which influence efforts of I-SMEs to lead international markets as internationally leading SMEs (IL-SMEs). To examine the success factors of the IL-SMEs, in this paper, IL-SMEs are specifically defined as I-SMEs which occupy dominant positions in the international market, i.e., ranking among the top three worldwide. The results based on a sample of 88 South Korean SMEs including 18 IL-SMEs and 70 I-SMEs indicate that 18 factors (out of 47 factors) show significant differences between IL-SEMs and I-SMEs in terms of customer relations/service, technological innovation, and corporate strategies. Also, by factor analysis and logistic regression analysis, three factors influencing the success of IL-SMEs are identified in the perspectives of technological innovation (R&D) and international marketing (customer satisfaction and demand quality/scope). Surprisingly, internationalization strategies and external markets have no relationship with performance of IL-SMEs. These results provide important implications to policy-makers interested in the sustainably international competitiveness of SMEs. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of World Business》2018,53(2):237-247
We develop hypotheses from a “bifurcation bias” approach involving the asymmetric treatment of family and nonfamily assets, and we test them on a sample of 6893 European family SMEs. Our findings reveal two asymmetries relating to actions designed to reduce bifurcation bias. First, exporting is indeed positively associated with the presence of outside owners and managers, and from the interaction between them. However, this interaction replaces any separate positive impact from outside ownership. Second, the international work experience of managers has a positive impact on exporting, but this experience seems relevant only in the case of firms with family-managers only. 相似文献
15.
This paper examines empirically individual and joint effects of multinationality and product diversification on profit performance for a sample of emerging small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The results suggest a curvilinear relationship between them: that is, they are positively related up to a point, after which a further increase in multinationality and product diversification was associated with declining performance. This implies that firms should consider optimal levels of multinationality and product diversification when they expand product offerings and geographic markets. And the results also show that research and development (R&D) expenditure and debt level were contributing significantly to profit performance. 相似文献
16.
Rasha H. A. Mostafa Colin Wheeler Marian V. Jones 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2005,3(4):291-302
This paper investigates links between entrepreneurial orientation, commitment to the Internet and export performance in small
and medium sized firms. The central argument is that entrepreneurs are more likely to use the Internet to develop export market
opportunities, and to have better export performance than less entrepreneurial firms. In testing this proposition, a measure
of ‘commitment to the Internet’ was developed and used in a mail survey of UK exporters. The results show that firms with
high entrepreneurial orientation are more committed to the Internet and have better export performance than firms with low
entrepreneurial orientation. 相似文献
17.
Jos C. Casillas Ana M. Moreno Francisco J. Acedo María A. Gallego Encarnacin Ramos 《Journal of World Business》2009,44(3):311-322
Knowledge is considered an essential resource in a company’s internationalization process, both from the sequential point of view and from the perspective of International Entrepreneurship. This paper proposes a model to integrate the influence of knowledge on international behavior based on proposals taken from the literature on organizational learning in multinational companies. The model comprises several phases: prior knowledge; acquisition of new knowledge; integration of both sets of knowledge; action and feedback. Using the proposed model, different courses of action are identified for further research into the process of company internationalization. 相似文献
18.
《International Business Review》2022,31(1):101917
SME multinationalization is an emerging yet underexplored topic in internationalization research. Previous studies have focused on identifying the key features of one ‘ideal’ multinationalization approach but shed less light on the potential alternative approaches that firms can use in different situations. Based on an empirical multiple case study of eight SMEs, this study identifies four alternative multinationalization strategies that SMEs can use (resource seeking, hub reaching, serendipitous resource leveraging, and controlled expansion) and illuminates their specific characteristics. The findings of this study demonstrate that instead of one ‘ideal’ approach, there are multiple strategies that SMEs can adopt for multinationalization and suggest that each strategy is characterized by different FDI goals, timing, organizational structure and value chain activities. Overall, this study contributes to contemporary international business research by advancing theorization on SME multinationalization. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of World Business》2016,51(4):534-547
SMEs are important to world business and the majority of SMEs are family firms. Yet some family SMEs are inert, local firms while others are dynamic and international. Do certain governance structures encourage the scale and scope of their internationalization? We jointly apply social capital and corporate governance theories to explain the scope of family SMEs internationalization, and find that professional managers externally recruited from outside the family are important, but only for lower levels of family ownership, suggesting synergistic combinations of ownership and management. It is the combination of external capital with external managers that really works. 相似文献
20.
We examined how home country formal institutions and the venture’s value orientation influenced the venture’s likelihood of internationalization based on a data set that was adapted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data in the year 2009, covering 7668 individual ventures in 25 countries. Better-developed home country formal institutions are found to have a supportive impact on the venture’s likelihood of internationalization. The supportive impact is also found to be weaker for socially oriented ventures than for profit-oriented ventures. The venture’s social value orientation negatively moderates the home country formal institutions–likelihood of internationalization relationship. The negative moderating effects can be explained as follows: Socially oriented ventures in the better-developed home country institutional environment are less likely to develop coping skills against uncertain and risky institutional environments, which are common in their host countries. Besides the theoretical contributions, this paper also highlights the implications for both business researchers and policy makers. 相似文献