Stakeholding and Full Employment

John Philpott argues the case that moving towards full employment is a structural rather than a macroeconomic issue, and points to the ned for social consensus to underpin any improvement.     

Rapid multinationalization: Propositions for studying born micromultinationals

This study examines how so-called born micromultinationals multinationalize. Existing theoretical frameworks do not capture the multinationalization of young and small firms because of the literature gap separating studies on born globals and international new ventures from the research on multinational enterprises. However, firms go beyond accelerated internationalization and engage in accelerated multinationalization. Born micromultinationals invest and operate in multiple countries from, or soon after, their foundation. We argue that it is necessary to examine their smallness, newness and entrepreneurial nature, as suggested in the BG/INV literature, as well as to investigate why and how they invest abroad through the lenses of MNE theories. We discuss existing theories and examine them in the light of four case studies of Finnish born micromultinationals. Our results show that the organizational, locational and internalization approach and transaction costs economics for example, have explanatory power for the FDIs conducted by born micromultinationals. We suggest that the multinationalization process of born mMNEs consists of commitment decisions; reconfigurations of the value chain; and learning from, and creating and building trust with internal sources.     

服务品牌内化:概念及关键命题

本研究在回顾服务品牌、内化及服务品牌内化理论来源的基础上,综合文献研究、案例资料及学者访谈,界定了服务品牌内化的概念,提出了七个关键命题。服务品牌内化的重要前提是服务企业已经建立服务品牌识别,它重点关注一线服务员工与服务品牌的关系,并且将员工视为一种操作性资源,强调员工的主动性。最后对根据概念性文章的评价标准对研究做了评价,并概括了研究不足及展望。     

六件芝麻事

不管衣服换得勤不勤，MSN的签名档一定常翻新。据不完全统计，数文案同志们最贫，要是连着几天不改名，连头发都觉得不对劲儿。有兄弟一天换了50个名字，尿检一定纯属正常。不信请把精神集中5sec在老刘的MSN！     

Born globals: Propositions to help advance the theory

Although born globals (BGs) have now been studied for over a decade, theory and practice are still evolving. This article was written to clarify the definition of a Born Global (BG) firm and to describe the three phases—introductory, growth and resource accumulation, and break-out to independent growth as a major player—through which BGs progress. Drawing from empirical evidence, it was found that the risks, resource development, channels/networks and organisational learning of BGs develop during the three phases through which successful BGs pass. However, this process deviates considerably from that followed by traditional internationalising small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Born Global entrepreneurs and academics can learn much by studying the causes of these differences.     

日本阐述日美合作构想

<正> 日本通产大臣平沼赳夫日前发表《新经济宣言》,阐述日美经济合作新构想,并将此定位为新经济时代新日美关系的基础。这表明日本政府以2001年美国新政府成立为契机,将进一步强化日美经济合作关系。平沼大臣表示,东亚地区的经济形势、国际环境发生很大变化。经济全球化不断发展,加强与美国的经济合作尤为重要。日本政府将以美国新政府诞生为契机,研究对美新政策,将日美关系推上新台阶。平沼大臣在《新经济宣言》中阐述了构筑新日美关系时的三项基本内容:     

营销渠道控制:理论、模型与研究命题

营销渠道控制是一个渠道成员对另一个渠道成员的行为与决策变量成功施加影响的过程。渠道控制的本质是对渠道成员(组织)的行为进行控制,同时它也是一种跨组织控制、相互控制(或交叉控制)和结果导向的行为过程。渠道控制根植于相互依赖的渠道关系中,因而它与渠道关系中的诸多变量存在着千丝万缕的联系。本文从西方渠道行为理论的视角出发,构建了一个渠道控制过程模型,并提出了若干研究命题。     

Six Kleptocratic Continua

This article suggests that criminality in leaders might best be understood by ethicists as a matter of degree. Leaders may take without legitimate claim a variety of tangible or intangible goods including ideas and personal health. The extent to which any such act should be disfavoured is subject to debate. Moreover, both theft and control may be understood as continuous phenomena. Kleptocratic regimes within workplace or family may foster in people a habit of accepting similar treatment from economic and political leaders at all levels. Forms of governance may be arranged on a continuum from those that serve to those that exploit their subjects. Responses to kleptocratic regimes range from acceptance through unconscious and conscious resistance to violent revolt.     

酒店发展的6个新趋势

下面是目前酒店行业内逐渐显现的六个趋势的细节,以及它们如何影响你的住宿。增加收费你的酒店账单可能包括一些不愉快的意外。不只是平时不论你是否使用网球场和游泳池都必须的每天20美元的度假胜地和市容费,是不是还包括你在大堂存放行李的12美元的家政附加费?     

Understanding Hybrid Channel Conflict: A Conceptual Model and Propositions for Research

ABSTRACT

The use of several distinct channel types by suppliers to serve a given product-market is rapidly becoming the dominant design. Such increasingly complex distribution systems present unique opportunities and problems for marketers, including how to most effectively manage the intrafirm, interchannel conflict resulting from channel coalitions competing with one another for resources, both internal (expenditures, personnel) and external (customers). Moreover, it is unclear whether conflict in a hybrid distribution system is “good” or “bad” for the supplier firm. We develop a theoretically-grounded conceptual model of the antecedents and consequences of hybrid channel conflict and offer several empirically testable research propositions, including a contingency framework for determining the functionality of hybrid channel conflict. Perhaps most important in terms of contribution to the marketing literature are the conceptualization of hybrid channel conflict itself and the associated definitions which we present in this paper.     

“第三条道路”的经济主张及启示

自20世纪90年代中期以来,西方出现了一股“第三条道路”的思潮.“第三条道路”在经济上主张限制政府干预经济的权力,兼顾效率与公正,人人拥有所有权,提倡权利与责任对称,加大人力资本投资,在国际上加强合作与协调。这些主张对我国目前正在实行的经济体制改革都具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Focus on Fairtrade: Propositions for Integrating Fairtrade and Supply Chain Management Research

Driven by increased consumer interest and stakeholder pressure, the number of Fairtrade (FT) products has been steadily increasing. The mainstreaming of FT means that the products are now facing stiff competition within the generic product categories in which they operate. While consumers may pressure organizations for ethical conduct, they are less willing to pay premium prices for fairly traded products. For FT to continue to grow, more efficient operating models are required to offset the premium prices paid to producers to ensure competitiveness in the market. One such improvement approach may be the management of FT supply chains. To investigate the feasibility of this approach, this article systematically combines literature on FT with key supply chain management (SCM) constructs and theories. We discuss existing SCM paradigms in the context of FT and demonstrate aspects where the efficiency of FT chains needs to be improved to ensure their viability. We present propositions that demonstrate the key limitations of the FT model from the point of view of SCM theory and practice and suggest the potential changes needed in the management of FT supply chains. The article provides a timely first attempt to systematically combine FT with SCM constructs, thus establishing a basis for the further development of FT chains and for the improvement of the operating efficiency within them.     

Six Shortcuts To ChinaFor Transnationals

Bytheendof1998,Chinahadapprovedtheestablishmentofmorethan320,000foreign-investedenterprises,utilizingoverUS$260billioninforeigncapital.Then,howdidthesetransnationalschooseprojectsandtheircooperationpartnersinChina?1)Participatinginstatekeyprojectsandtechnologicalrenovation.Inthelate1980s,11ChineseproducersinvestedintheChinaHualuProjectatDalian,coordinatedbyofficialsoftheStateCouncil.Japan'sMatsushitaCo.managedtojointhisprojectonfavorableconditions,andlaterin1994,technicalcooperationdevel…     

Six Common Misconceptions to Overcome

"You can always ultimately find a candidate if you look hard enough." This is true, though the person is not usually the best possible candidate. "A general information session on the country is sufficient." This is false: it is important to have a good understanding of the culture shared by those with whom the expatriate will be working, of the nuances of the local     

审视SA8000:评析该标准存在的六大问题

从美国民间机构制定的SA8000标准核心内容来看,它只能算作社会责任中劳工保护方面的一个认证体系。但由于媒体的争相报道以及学术界对SA8000的研究和讨论热潮,引发了多视角的争论,使企业在接受过程中倍加疑惑和困扰。从分析SA8000:2001版的内容来看,目前该标准存在着六大不成熟之处,所以要加深国内社会各界对该标准的理解。     

Six Arts of Ancient China

The Six Arts formed the basis of education in ancient Chinese culture.During the Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC-256 BC),students were required to master theliu yi(六艺)(Six Arts):     

Six Principles of Breakthrough Strategy

This article proposes a view of strategy based on the author's research on companies that have strategically innovated in their industries, and done so successfully. Each of these companies developed a strategy which was not only fundamentally different from those of its competitors, but also turned out to be tremendously successful. The author calls this combination a breakthrough strategy.     

FDI Drops for Six Months

The FDI statistics issued by the Ministry of Commerce on May 15 show that in April he paid-in foreign investment in China accounted for 8.401 billion USD,down by 0.74％ year-on-year.So far the FDI index has suffered a negative growth for 6 consecutive months.Experts say that the gloomy economies of the European countries and the U.S.,increasing costs and slower economic growth of China,and also competitions from other developing counties will exert continuing pressures on China's FDI condition.It will be a long trend that the inflow of investment will slow down.