企业的生命力与免疫力——关键词：故意腐败、无意腐败与“带病作业”

现实中没有绝对不腐败的企业，企业无一不是在“带病作业”，这是规律使然。但以中庸思想为出发点的多数人，却给了企业腐败更多更大的生存空间。     

“小腐败”大危害

“小腐败”是指那些只要手中有点权的人,就要想方设法捞点好处,“没有好处不办事,有了好处乱办事”;“靠什么,吃什么,捞什么”。这就是老百姓对“小腐败”的画像。“小腐败”是相对于“大腐败”而言的。它虽小,但面积很广、人数很多、总量很大,正一点点地侵蚀着社     

市场导向程度与企业绩效实证分析——以重庆市制造企业为例

本文以重庆市制造企业为研究样本,对市场导向的程度、市场导向与企业绩效的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明,制造企业的市场导向程度为中等偏上水平;市场导向对企业绩效有显著的正相关关系。     

浅谈企业的营销腐败

新时期背景下,市场经济竞争愈加激烈,更多企业将发展重点放在市场营销工作方面。有部分企业亦或是营销工作人员对市场经济发展的不足之处加以利用,通过不正当的手段展开营销活动,对国家、企业和消费者的利益产生了不利的影响。而引发以上现象的因素很多,通过对企业营销过程中的不良行为展开深入地研究与探讨,积极采取具有针对性的策略预防和改善,能够实现企业营销环境的全面净化,促进企业营销工作的可持续发展。     

警惕“教授腐败”

“黑哨”时下在国人的眼中 ,绝不仅仅只是足球界的事 ,各行各业 ,各种名目的“黑哨”纷纷粉墨登场 ,让人防不胜防。今年 5月 2 8日《中国青年报》一篇题为《一位音乐教授被解聘的背后》的文章 ,将中国音乐学院艺术专业招生黑幕的一角揭开 ,呈现在世人面前的 ,是与神圣的艺术、神圣的高等教育、神圣的招生选拔制度格格不入的场景。今年 4月 1 7日 ,中国音乐学院器乐系进行专业复试。当天上午 ,1 0个学生考的科目都是民族器乐“笙”,参加评分的共有 1 8位老师 ,其中 ,笙专业老师只有国家一级演员李光陆和张之良教授。在评分过程中 ,由于有的老…     

寻租与企业绩效:“绊脚石”还是“润滑剂”

本文首先以中共中央“八项规定”出台为天然的实验平台,研究了不同产权性质下寻租与企业绩效之间的因果关系.实证研究发现,针对民营企业,投资者对“八项规定”的出台做出了负面市场反应,而针对国有企业,投资者对“八项规定”的出台做出了正面市场反应,并且上述市场反应均在高寻租企业中更为明显.这说明,民营企业的寻租活动发挥了“润滑剂”功能,有助于企业绩效的提高,而国有企业的寻租行为则主要体现出“绊脚石”的逻辑,不利于企业绩效的提高.进一步,以政府补贴为切入点,对不同产权性质下寻租与企业绩效之间的作用机理进行了系统研究.本文的实证研究发现,无论是国有企业还是民营企业,寻租活动均有助于获得更多政府补贴.民营企业通过寻租获得的政府补贴对企业绩效具有一定的促进作用;而国有企业通过寻租获得的政府补贴不利于企业绩效的提高.这是因为民营企业通过寻租获得的政府补贴可以弥补资源的短缺,起到缓解融资约束的作用;而国有企业通过寻租获得的政府补贴将进一步造成资源冗余,引发过度投资.     

当前政府官员腐败现状研究

当前,我国的腐败现象像潜伏的病毒一样岌岌可危,不仅危害了人民群众的利益,也使得党风建设受到了阻碍,使政府在人民群众心目中的形象大打折扣。因此反腐问题成为新一届国家领导人重点关注的问题,怎样遏制甚至杜绝腐败现象的发生已成为重中之重。本文总结了目前政府官员腐败的主要表现,并在此基础上提出了产生该现象的原因,并提出了相应的对策。     

国际新创企业国际化程度与绩效关联性研究

伴随经济全球化趋势的加强,异于传统的跨国企业的新型国际企业组织——国际新创企业产生和逐步发展。国际新创企业在成立之初就开始走国际化路线,形成了新创企业国际化独有的虽企业规模小、资源匮乏但却已经涉足国际市场的新奇现象。使之成为国内外学术界研究的热点和焦点。本文试图对国际新创企业的兴起与发展及与其相关的主要理论内容进行梳理和评述,希冀能为后续学者进行相关问题的研究提供一个理论研究框架,并为我国新创企业的持续发展提供理论参考。     

农业企业社会责任动机、行为与企业绩效

本文选取部分具有代表性的农业企业进行深入访谈,运用质性研究法构建"农业企业履行企业社会责任动机的传导模型.并进一步构建结构方程模型对理论模型进行检验,结果表明农业企业履行企业社会责任的动机、行为及绩效之间具有传导关系.     

Business Ethics East vs. West: Myths and Realities

The West has a stereotypical image of businesses, officials, and politicians, etc., in the East (Third World) countries being pervasively corrupt while it views itself as being almost completely uncorrupt. One closer look, however, realities turn out to be quite different. Business corruption is much more universal that Westerners are generally willing to accept. The major differences are that corruption in the East is practiced so blatantly that it makes major news. Western businesses, on the other hand, have, over time, developed sophisticated techniques whereby corruption becomes almost invisible. This paper discusses the myths and realities of Eastern versus Western corruption and discusses several means which have allowed Western companies to exploit others through subtle and, almost invisible means. The overall advantage, however, still goes to the West where petty corruption has been pretty much eliminated.     

对吗啉残液处理方法的研究

本文介绍了吗啉残液处理的现状及对新方法的研究。     

电子政务对预防行政腐败的优越性浅析

行政腐败是行政权力在运行中由于缺乏制约和监督而产生异化和失控的现象.随着信息技术不断发展而诞生的电子政务,为预防腐败提供了一种高科技的技术预防手段.通过这一手段的运用,可以强化对权力行使行为的监控、实现政务公开、推动政府体制、民主制度和组织机构的创新等形式,更能够制约权力、防止权力被滥用,从而有效遏止腐败,建设廉洁、高效的政府.     

The United Nations Convention Against Corruption and its Impact on International Companies

Corruption is a serious economic, social, political, and moral blight, especially in many emerging countries. It is a problem that affects companies in particular, especially in international commerce, finance, and technology transfer. And it is becoming an international phenomenon in scope, substance, and consequences. That is why, in recent years, there has been a proliferation of international efforts to tackle the problem of corruption. One such international cooperative initiative is the United Nations Convention against Corruption, signed in 2003, which came into force in December 2005. This is the first truly global instrument to prevent and combat corruption, built on a broad international consensus. The purpose of this article is to explain the origin and content of the Convention, what it adds to existing international instruments for combating corruption, and its strengths and weaknesses, mainly from the point of view of companies.     

转型时期腐败和地方政府公共投资效率的关联分析

运用寻租经济学的分析方法,本文对经济转型时期地方官员腐败和公共投资效率两者之间的内在关联进行了综合研究,结合中国情形进行简要的实证分析,指出基于转型时期有效监管制度的缺失,腐败对地方政府公共投资的规模效率、结构效率以及产出效率都产生了不同程度的负面效应.也就是说,作为带有高成本特性的一种"暗税",腐败租金的存在不仅会导致区域内私人投资偏离社会期望的适度投资率,也会人为增大区域公共投资规模、扭曲区域公共投资结构,并降低区域内公共投资的产出水平.     

Ganxi's Consequences: Personal Gains at Social Cost

Is guanxi ethical? This question is largely ignored in the existing literature. This paper examines the ethical dimension of guanxi by focusing on the consequences of guanxi in business, from ethically misgiving behaviour to outright corruption. Guanxi may bring benefits to individuals as well as the organisations they represent but these benefits are obtained at the expenses of other individuals or firms and thus detrimental to the society. As guanxi has an impact on the wider public other than the guanxi parties, it must be studied in the context of all stakeholders. It can be argued that guanxi is an inevitable evil under the current political and socio-economic systems in China. Its role and importance in business life will be diminished as the country moves towards an open market system.     

Understanding the Ethical Cost of Organizational Goal-Setting: A Review and Theory Development

Goal-setting has become a popular and effective motivational tool, utilized by practitioners and substantiated with decades of empirical research. However, the potential for goal-setting to enhance performance may come at the cost of ethical behavior. I propose a theoretical model linking attributes of goals and goal-setting practices to unethical behavior through two psychological mechanisms – ethical recognition and moral disengagement; and addressing the moderating role of individual differences (e.g., goal-commitment and conscientiousness), as well as the broader organizational ethical context.     

Understanding Corruption in Organizations – Development and Empirical Assessment of an Action Model

Despite a strong sensitization to the corruption problem and a large body of interdisciplinary research, scientists have only rarely investigated which motivational, volitional, emotional, and cognitive components make decision makers in companies act corruptly. Thus, we examined how their interrelation leads to corruption by proposing an action model. We tested the model using a business simulation game with students as participants. Results of the PLS structural equation modeling showed that both an attitude and subjective norm favoring corruption led to a desire to act corruptly. Given high perceived behavioral control, this desire was transformed into an intention that finally resulted in corrupt action. Components related to general private and professional goals did not allow for any prediction. Based on these results, we discuss preventative measures and methods for combating intra- and inter-organizational corruption.     

Ethical Distance in Corrupt Firms: How Do Innocent Bystanders Become Guilty Perpetrators?

This paper develops the concept of the ‘continuum of destructiveness’ in relation to organizational corruption. This notion captures the slippery slope of wrongdoing as actors engage in increasingly dubious practices. We identify four kinds of individuals along this continuum in corrupt organizations, who range from complete innocence to total guilt. They are innocent bystanders, innocent participants, active rationalizers and guilty perpetrators. Traditional explanations of how individuals move from bystander status to guilty perpetrators usually focus on socialization and institutional factors. In addition to these factors, we propose that the very distance between an act and its ethical consequences (ethical distance) may also play a determining role – if not always in the same way – in the transition process. Having developed this conceptual argument, we conclude with a discussion of managerial and research implications. An Earlier version of this paper was presented at the The Twelfth Annual International Conference Promoting Business Ethics, New York, October 2005