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全球TPP或重构亚太贸易版图日本政府日前宣布加入美国主导的《跨太平洋战略经济伙伴协定》(TPP)谈判。亚太地区是美国总统奥巴马第二任期的经济政策重心所在,奥巴马希望以TPP为样板重构亚太贸易版图。TPP谈判最初由智利、新加坡、新西兰、文莱四个环太平洋国家于2005年6月发起,由于发起国经济总量较小,最初并没有在亚太地区引起太多关注。直到美国2009年底高     

CPTPP何以吸引中国

<正>CPTPP由TPP发展而来CPTPP的前身是TPP。TPP是跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement）的英文缩写，而TPP前身是四个伙伴国（P4），即由新西兰、新加坡、智利、文莱发起的自2002年开始酝酿的跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定（Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement）。2009年11月，时任美国总统奥巴马宣布美国参与TPP谈判，后陆续有秘鲁、越南、澳大利亚、马来西亚、     

越南服装业或将力压中国

如果美国能在《跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定》（TPP）谈判中如愿以偿,那么＂中国制造＂在美国服装店里将会不再那么常见了。 越南TPP协议进展可观 据路透社报道,美国意欲促成一项协议。根据这项协议,越南将成为《跨太平洋战略经济伙伴协定》成员国中的大赢家之一,而且将从中国和其他非协议成员国手中获得服装市场的部分份额。而墨西哥或中美洲国家则被排除在外。     

TPP环境议题动向、原因及对我国的影响

正跨太平洋伙伴关系协议(Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement,TPP)是由美国主导,12个成员参与的自由贸易协定,其谈判成员国内生产总值(GDP)总和约占全球的40%,贸易额约占世界三分之一,协定一旦达成将对亚太地区产生重要影响。美国主导TPP谈判后,试图通过"全面覆盖"原则将TPP塑造     

TPP原产地规则对中国纺织服装业的潜在影响及应对策略

美国正式加入并开始主导《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（TPP）谈判以来,一直致力于构建以全球价值链为基础、以“第二代”贸易政策措施为主题的新型贸易协定,并努力将其打造成为高标准、高质量的跨区域自由贸易区,以期实现“重返亚太”的战略目标。TPP谈判涵盖金融服务、竞争政策、原产地规则、环境与劳工标准等多项议题,其中原产地规则是谈判的重要议题之一。原产地规则在自由贸易区运行与发展中起着至关重要的作用,是判定最终产品是否原产于某一成员国继而享有关税优惠待遇的基本法律依据。     

TPP对中国服装纺织企业改革的推动作用分析

2015年10月5日,美国、日本、澳大利亚等12个国家已成功结束"跨太平洋战略经济伙伴协定"(TPP)谈判,达成TPP贸易协定。对比WTO追求的是降关税,TPP追求的是自由贸易,增加了国家贸易准入的标准,中国企业正处在全面深化改革阶段,许多条件还并未达到它的要求,TPP的签订会进一步成为中国企业改革的推进器。本文从TPP的贸易准入条件入手进行研究,针对中国企业经营和管理存在的问题,为推动中国企业改革提供一些可行性的建议。     

TPP协定投资者-东道国争端解决机制评述

本文在回顾跨太平洋战略经济伙伴协定(TPP)的由来和演进的基础上,重点剖析了TPP拟定中的投资者-东道国争端解决的条款。本文在结合中国双边投资协定的实践基础上,指出了中国应该尽早参与TPP的谈判,反映中国的利益诉求,以便协调中美双边投资协定谈判中的立场。     

Tpp对中国的挑战及应对策略

2009年,美国正式加入跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定,TPP实现了较快的发展和完善,之后开展了多项谈判,涵盖范围广,标准程度高,引起了全球的广泛关注,本文主要从TPP的起源和发展进行了梳理,分析了TPP的特征及给中国带来的挑战,提出中国应对TPP所采取的措施,旨在实现中国的平稳高速发展。     

美国 TPP 战略动因及对中国的影响分析

跨太平洋伙伴关系协议（TPP）由美国主导,呈现开放性、高质量、扩张型的区域一体化推进方式等主要特征。美国推行 TPP 战略是为了追求未来国际经济规则制定的主导权。美国处于实力下降期,通过 TPP 先确立国际经济规则符合自身利益。在 TPP 压力下,中国面临加入和区域合作战略调整等问题。目前中国正处于实力上升期,不是加入的最佳时机;应稳妥推进东亚区域一体化合作,并做好国内各项体制改革的准备。     

中国可考虑适时参与TPP谈判

亚太经合组织(APEC)夏威夷会议以"紧密联系的区域经济"为主题,着重谈论"下一代的贸易投资议题",其中"跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系(TPP)"问题格外引人注目。笔者认为,作为推动亚太经济一体化的重要尝试,TPP尽管隐含着美国稀释中日韩等区域大国影响力的战略目的,但对区域经贸合作来说,也是很好的选择,中国应该考虑适时参与TPP谈判。     

乌拉圭回合前后美国园艺产品关税调整动向研究

美国是世界园艺的生产和贸易大国。乌拉圭回合谈判前后美国对园艺类产品的关税进行了大幅度的调整,对其本国园艺产品的贸易及对外推广起到了良好的促进作用。笔者对乌拉圭回合前后美国园艺产品关税调整的动向进行了研究,以期对我国园艺产品的关税调整提供一定的政策建议。     

Bargaining with the gringos: An exploratory study of negotiations between Mexican and U.S. firms

This study examines the nature of negotiations between Mexican and U.S. business people. It was learned that U.S. negotiators tend to be more structured, less flexible, more direct, more focused on the specific terms of the agreement, and possibly more assertive than their Mexican counterparts. Factor analysis revealed five factors related to the success of negotiations between Mexican and U.S. business people: attributes of communication, knowledge, good faith in arranging countertrades, delivery requirements, and personal relationships. Communication problems appear to have a more important impact on successful negotiations than do the technical or financial aspects of the negotiation. Contexting and reciprocity are related themes that need to be given more attention if negotiations between Mexican and US. business people are to improve. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

TPP国家经济的比较性分析及影响研究

TPP作为一个APEC框架下的多边自由贸易协定,随着2009年美国的高调加入,引发了全球尤其是亚太经济体的广泛关注。但现有文献的研究多集中于政治战略层面,缺乏从某一具体层面对TPP进行深入剖析。本文结合TPP谈判的最新进展,从经济总量、贸易总量及贸易结构多角度对TPP国家经济进行比较性分析,进而研究TPP对亚太区域经济一体化产生的各种影响。     

Determinants of Sales Destinations of U.S. Multinational Firms' Affiliates in Developing Countries

This study examines the determinants of the sales of .U.S. multinational firms' affiliates to alternative destinations, including sales to other affiliate firms in a host country and a source country markets as well as sales to other non-affiliate persons in each market. Sample host countries are drawn from developing economies where U.S. multinational firms had affiliate firms during the period 1983–1998. The results of the study reveal that affiliates of multinational firms manipulate sales to minimize international taxation. This is supported by the finding that foreign corporate income taxes: affect sales between affiliate firms favorably, unlike its impacts on sales of affiliates to non-affiliate persons in both a host country and source country markets. Considering all markets together, economic volatility and political instability have minimal impacts on sales of affiliates to other affiliate firms compared to their impacts on sales to non-affiliate persons. The results also confirm that host countries' economic policy reforms and membership in multinational investment guarantee agencies facilitate sales of affiliates to other affiliate firms.     

从议价博弈看中美纺织品贸易协议

中美贸易摩擦由来已久,2005年全球纺织品配额取消后,中国对美国纺织品出口激增,使中美贸易摩擦升级,最终达成中美纺织品贸易协议。本文认为,这种通过政府谈判谋求短期贸易折中的方式只不过是“治标不治本”的应急策略,而中美贸易摩擦产生的根源并没能得到有效抑制,因此纺织品贸易博弈不可“小进则安”,而应从根本上缓解贸易失衡带来的外部压力。第一,企业要改变原有低价竞争策略,提升产品档次,提高产品的附加值。第二,实施走出去战略,借助生产要素的跨国界流动实现生产的国际化,通过多元化发展降低贸易壁垒带来的潜在风险。第三,政府应高度重视和关切我国纺织业的利益。第四,发挥贸易行会作用。     

Business-to-Business Negotiations: The Role of Relativism,Deceit, and Opportunism

Purpose: Studies examining the impact of relativism and deceitful tendencies on unethical negotiation tactics have yielded inconsistent results; some studies report a positive relationship, some negative, while some others report a nonexistent relationship between these constructs. These inconsistencies suggest that there may be intervening variables mediating the effects of these factors on unethical negotiation tactics. We propose that opportunism plays an important role in determining the effects of these two antecedents on business managers' perceptions of unethical negotiation tactics.

Method: An Internet-based survey was administered to a sample of managers at U.S. firms engaged in business-to-business marketing. Structural equation modeling techniques were used to evaluate the mediating role of opportunism between deceitful tendencies and relativism on questionable negotiation tactics.

Findings: The analysis supports the hypothesized role of opportunism as a mediating variable. Opportunism was found to play a significant role in mediating the relationships of both relativism and deceitful tendencies on attitudes toward unethical negotiation tactics.

Contribution: In addition to the theoretical contributions suggested here, this article includes suggestions for minimizing the likelihood that a negotiation partner's relativism and deceitful tendencies will negatively impact business negotiation.     

The effects of Hispanic bilinguals language use and stereotype activation on negotiations outcomes

Service encounters often become negotiations between the customer and the service provider. For speakers of multiple languages, the language used in a negotiation can be a critical factor in the success of that encounter. By investigating how U.S. bilinguals negotiate in either English or Spanish, this research examines the effect that the activation of the stereotype related to the minority language-speakers has on negotiation outcomes. The results of two experiments support the general notion that, among U.S. Hispanic bilinguals, the majority language (English) yields more favorable outcomes compared to the minority language (Spanish); a third study with a comparison group of bilinguals in Mexico, where no language-related stereotype exists, shows no effect of the negotiation language on the outcome. The paper discusses theoretical and practical implications of the findings and areas for future research.     

美国2012年双边投资协定范本与中美双边投资协定谈判

本文首先介绍了美国2012年双边投资协定范本修订的主要内容,在此基础上对中美双边投资协定谈判中方应采取的立场进行了分析。本文认为美国2012年双边投资协定范本修订中涉及国家主导型经济体的内容对中方的影响有限。面对目前国际投资协定中准入前国民待遇条款日益增多的形式,本文认为中国应该支持多哈部长宣言第22段倡导的基于肯定清单的准入前国民待遇,以此为基础与美国及其他经济体展开投资自由化谈判。本文最后对中美双边投资协定谈判提出了一系列政策建议。