基于信息披露视角的注册会计师法律责任研究

在虚假陈述泛滥、信息披露制度被严重扭曲的证券市场中,注册会计师作为信息披露质量控制的最重要一道关卡,在其中起着不可或缺的作用.一系列虚假陈述案曝光之后,世界各国纷纷对注册会计师执业质量发出质疑,审计失败情况屡屡出现的原因究竟是什么?注册会计师行业如何走出公信力危机?证券信息披露制度的严肃性如何落实?证券市场的秩序如何得到维持?带着这一系列问题,经过对证券市场虚假陈述现象的深入研究,笔者深刻认识到造成这一局面的重要原因之一是:注册会计师法律责任不明确,尤其是民事责任缺位、出具虚假报告的法律责任成本太低.因此,加强对注册会计师法律责任的研究,建立完善的民事赔偿机制,无论是对维护证券市场秩序、保护投资者利益,还是对注册会计师行业重树公信力都至关重要.     

对证券市场审计中注册会计师法律责任的思考

对我国证券市场审计业务中，注册会计师面临的法律责任不断增加，这既有其主观违规的原因，也有注册会计师的法律责任规范不明、注册会计师的法律责任与其他中介机构的法律责任界定模糊的原因。由于证券市场会计信息的经济后果性增强、市场运行机制不合理、市场经济主体的平等性增强的因素，完善我国证券市场审计业务中注册会计师的法律责任势在必行，而且宜采取举证责任倒置的办法，免除了原告就被告的过错举证的责任。     

注册会计师的法律责任

一、公司欺诈与审计对策:以法正身依法行事注册会计师行业的法律责任,根据承担的主体不同,可分为:对会计师事务所的法律责任和对注册会计师的法律责任对会计师事务所的法律责任主要有民事责任和行政责任。对注册会计师的法律责任主要有民事责任、行政责任和刑事责任。注册会计师应承担的民事责任主要是停止侵害委托人或其他利害关系人的经济利益,并赔偿所造成的损失。行政责任是指注册会计师违反法律法规,发生舞弊或过失行为并给有关方面造成经济等损失后,由政府部门或自律性组织对其追     

注册会计师的法律责任

1.The major legal concepts that relateto CPAs’ liability(1)NegligenceNegligence, also referred to as ordinaryor simple negligence, is violation of a legalduty to exercise a degree of care that anordinary prudent person would exerciseunder similar circumstances. For the CPA,negligence is failure to perform a duty inaccordance with applicable standards. Forpractical purposes, negligence may beviewed as “failure to exercise dueprofessional care”.1.涉及注册会计师责任的主要法律概念(1)过失过失…     

浅析注册会计师法律责任

注册会计师的法律责任,也成为各国审计研究的重点,不仅关系到每个审计人员切身利益和注册会计师行业的生存与发展,还会影响整个社会经济秩序,我们必须对其进行深入有效的分析。     

注册会计师法律责任剖析

目前，我国注册会计师事务所已基本完成脱钩改制工作，注册会计师实现了真正意义上的第三者独立身份，注册会计师行业正面临空前的机遇和挑战。但是，近来有关CPA法律责任的诉讼案件却层出不穷。本文拟就此问题谈谈自己的想法。　　一、CPA法律责任的含义　　审计责任是指CPA应按照独立审计准则的要求出具审计报告，并保证审计报告的真实性、合法性。而会计责任指的是被审计单位应建立健全内部控制制度，保护资产的安全和完整，保证会计资料的真实、合法、完整。　　会计责任与审计责任是两种性质完全不同的责任，它们的区别主要体现在…     

注册会计师法律责任的思考

目前,我国注册会计师行业现状令人堪忧,执业质量下降,缺乏职业信用,并且日益严重。本文从注册会计师行业现状进行分析,以便更好的理解注册会计师的法律责任,通过对注册会计师法律责任的产生原因和注册会计师法律责任存在问题的思考提出了完善注册会计师法律责任的办法和措施。     

注册会计师法律责任的成因

从理性的、法律的角度，深入探讨注册会计师涉讼问题，无论是现在还是今后，对注册会计师增强执业意识，提高执业质量，减少涉讼案件的发生，都大有裨益。     

注册会计师法律责任产生的原因及对策浅析

注册会计师的职业性质和其在社会经济生活中的重要地位决定了注册会计师承担着比其他职业更多的法律责任,该问题已成为困扰注册会计师界的难题之一.     

试论注册会计师审核盈利预测的责任

近来,注册会计师审核盈利预测完成情况是否应承担责任的问题引起颇多争议,本文试对此作一探讨,希望能引起更广泛的重视.     

注册会计师执业责任鉴定机制的构建

注册会计师执业责任鉴定主体由鉴定委员会和鉴定人共同构成,实行二元鉴定主体制;对鉴定人资格的确认采用职业资格和执业资格双重复合制;鉴定人在实施鉴定过程中,应严格遵守和采用执业责任鉴定的技术标准、操作规范和鉴定程序;而鉴定意见书要被法官所接受并转化为裁定案件的直接证据,必须满足采信机制的一系列基本要件;鉴定主体出具的鉴定意见书如果存在虚假陈述,就应承担相应的法律责任。     

Product market competition and the disclosure of supply chain information

We investigate how product market competition affects corporate voluntary disclosure decisions, specifically regarding supply-chain information. Our results, based on a sample of manufacturing companies listed in China from 2010 to 2016, show that companies in more competitive industries disclose less customer/supplier information. The main results stand through several robustness tests. Further analyses show that the negative relationship between product market competitiveness and supply-chain information disclosure is stronger when the disclosure contains more incremental information and when competitors are more capable of gaining competitive advantage using the disclosed information. Our study contributes to the understanding of both the relationship between product market competition and voluntary disclosure decisions and the regulation of information disclosure to build a transparent capital market.     

Voluntary disclosure of reasons for auditor changes and the capital market reaction to information disclosure

This study examines the association between firm attributes and management’s voluntary disclosure of the reason(s) for auditor changes and evaluates the capital market reaction to information disclosure of the auditor change events accompanied by preexisting red flag and non-red flag issues. We find that managers are more likely to disclose the reason(s) for auditor changes when those changes occurred because of benign business reasons or if the reasons do not indicate the presence of any underlying operating or financial reporting problem. On the other hand, managers are less likely to disclose the reason(s) for auditor changes when those changes are preceded by red-flag situations. Furthermore, auditor changes accompanied by preexisting red-flag situations are viewed negatively by the capital market, implying that the full disclosure of reasons for auditor changes is informative to investors. This observation is supported further by our market-based analyses, which consistently show that auditor changes accompanied by prevailing red flag issues are valued incrementally in the market above and beyond the reportable events (under FRR No. 31) and auditor-initiated changes. The study contributes to the recent policy debate related to mandating the disclosure of the reason(s) for auditor switches. Specifically, the results support the recent debates that the current voluntary disclosure regime results in selective disclosure practices that are likely to contribute to the general lack of transparency with respect to auditor changes.     

证券市场中的审计师变更研究

研究审计师变更的动因、信息披露、市场反应等,有助于分析特定审计服务市场的特征,并为监管部门、投资者和审计职业界提供重要的决策依据.本文分析了有关发达证券市场审计师变更文献的观点、经验发现与结论,提出了我国开展相关研究的初步想法.     

Climate change disclosure and the information environment in the initial public offering market

We investigate whether climate change disclosures in initial public offering (IPO) prospectuses affect the information environment in the IPO market. We find that climate change disclosures are associated with lower IPO underpricing. Further analyses reveal that reputable underwriters and the Securities Exchange Commission's Commission Guidance Regarding Disclosure Related to Climate Change enhance the information role of climate change disclosures in the IPO market. We demonstrate that firms with more extensive climate change disclosures provide stronger hedging benefits against climate change risks in the post-IPO period. Overall, our results support the crucial role of climate change disclosures in improving the information environment of the IPO market.     

拆借市场信息披露制度建设回顾

该文首先回顾了全国银行间同业拆借市场信息披露制度的发展历程,进而分析了在《同业拆借管理办法》颁布后,同业拆借市场信息披露的特点,认为同业拆借市场的信息披露制度建设对同业拆借市场发展起到了积极的推动作用,《同业拆借管理办法》的出台已经并将继续带来拆借市场的重大发展和变革,而信息披露将在其中发挥更大的作用。     

证券非公开发行信息披露监管制度刍议

本文通过比较美国、台湾地区证券非公开发行信息披露制度,分析了我国证券非公开发行信息披露制度的缺陷,提出根据投资者不同来构建我国证券非公开发行信息披露体系,确保信息披露的公平性,充分体现证券非公开发行的特点,实现发行人筹资便利和投资者利益保护之双重价值。