Export Barriers in the Western Australian Horticulture Industry

This study was designed to identify perceived barriers to exports specific to Australian horticulture industry and the relative impact of these barriers on firms' export decisions. Specifically the study attempted to examine the differences, if any, in perceived export barriers by non-exporting and exporting firms. The analysis suggested seven major export barrier factors/variables. These barriers are somewhat different to barriers identified in recent studies suggesting that export barriers may be industry and country specific. The perceived seriousness of some of the barriers was significantly different for non-exporters and exporters. A discriminant analysis suggested, however, that it was not possible to predict whether a firm will be an exporter or not based on their perceptions of export barriers. The implications of the findings for the management of Australian horticulture exports are discussed.     

西部农业科技人才开发利用实证研究

本文分析了西部地区农业科技人才开发的内容、途径和效果控制,认为应认真分析西部农业科技人才的自身需求,出台相应的人才使用政策和措施以满足农业科技人才的现实需要,从而达到调动其积极性的目的。处理好农业科技人才资源的开发与利用的关系,形成农业科技人才开发与利用相互促进的长效机制。     

An Empirical Investigation of 1983 Farm Mortgagors in Western Canada

Cross-sectional data from the 1984 Farm Credit Corporation (FCC) survey are used to investigate the characteristics of farm operators who participated in the 1983 long-term agricultural credit market and to investigate the determinants of loan size. Discriminant analysis is used to analyze differences in socioeconomic characteristics among FCC clients, borrowers from other government agencies, borrowers from private sources, and nonborrowers, while regression models, adjusted for sampling bias, are used to reveal the determinants of size of long-term loans from the FCC. The results are tentative due to the cross-sectional properties of the data, but they seem to show that the Farm Credit Corporation is fulfilling its stated aims both in its selection of clients and in its tendency to grant larger loans to the clients it is mandated to serve. Les données sectorielles du sondage en 1984 de la Société du crédit agricole (SCA) sont utilisées pour examiner les caractéristiques des opérateurs d'exploitations agricoles qui ont participé au marché du crédit agricole è long terme en 1983 et pour examiner les déterminants de l'importance de l'emprunt. Une analyse discriminante est utilisee pour étu-dier les différences dans les caractéristiques socioéconomiques parmi les clients de la SCA, les emprunteurs è d'autres agences gouvernementales, les emprunteurs à des sources privées, et ceux qui n'empruntent pas, tandis que les modeles de regression, reajustes pour le biais de llechantillonnage, sont utilises pour reveler les determinants de 1'importance des emprunts a long terme à la SCA. Les resultats sont provisoires du aux qualites sectorielles des donnees, mais ils indiquent que la Societe du credit agricole semble accomplir ses objectifs enonces à la fois dans sa selection de clients et dans sa tendance à accorder de plus gros emprunts aux clients qu'elle doit servir.     

西方典型国家管道通过权制度的分析与借鉴

十一五期间我国规划建设24000 km油气长输管道,南于我国尚未建立管道通过权制度,管道建设运营过程中的大量土地利用问题无法有效解决.通过分析英国、西班牙、加拿大及美国等西方典型国家管道通过权制度,以及美国科洛尼尔成品油管道与阿拉斯加原油管道通过权获得的实践.了解西方国家管道通过权获得的法律程序及其特点,为构建我国的管道通过权制度提供借鉴.     

Australian quarantine post the Nairn Review

The Commonwealth government has accepted the basic tenets of the report of the Australian Quarantine Review (the 'Nairn Review'), except for the recommendations to establish a statutory authority. Australia will maintain its existing high standards of quarantine and enhance activities such as community awareness, manageable risk (based on science), protection of Australia's unique environment, external input to policy formulation, and recognition of the continuum of quarantine (pre-border, border and post-border). Greater emphasis will be given to improved consultation in risk analysis, increased monitoring for pests and diseases, and enhanced national preparedness and response capacity (especially for plants and aquatic animals).     

An evolutionary economic perspective on technical change and adjustment in cane harvesting systems in the Australian sugar industry

Australian sugar-producing regions have differed in terms of the extent and rate of incorporation of new technology into harvesting systems. The Mackay sugar industry has lagged behind most other sugar-producing regions in this regard. The reasons for this are addressed by invoking an evolutionary economics perspective. The development of harvesting systems, and the role of technology in shaping them, is mapped and interpreted using the concept of path dependency. Key events in the evolution of harvesting systems are identified, which show how the past has shaped the regional development of harvesting systems. From an evolutionary economics perspective, the outcomes observed are the end result of a specific history.     

The efficiency of the Australian dairy processing industry

In this article we analyse trends in the economic performance of the dairy processing industry and evaluate the link between these trends and the deregulation of the industry. Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis to derive Malmquist total factor productivity estimates, we show that the industry exhibits a relatively high level of technical efficiency. Victoria, the major producing state, has been effectively on the frontier over the period studied. In recent years, the rapid expansion in capital investment that has attended the shift towards deregulation, has been accompanied by an apparent slowdown in both productivity growth and technical progress. There is also evidence of a convergence in productivity levels across states.     

台湾茶业若干问题浅析

福建与台湾隔水相望,两岸茶业各具特点和优势。本文综述了台湾茶叶的发展、栽培、加工、营销以及特色等,旨在增强对台湾茶业的了解,加强两岸茶业的交流与合作,为大陆茶业的发展提供借鉴。     

澳大利亚的渔业管理与信息技术应用

本文介绍了澳大利亚自然经济概况、管理体制、渔业资源保护及安全生产管理等内容与方法.同时介绍了澳大利亚的信息系统建设，包括船舶监控系统、海洋环境与资源信息系统、配额管理及互动式语音报告系统等内容.通过对比分析，研究了中澳在渔业管理的异同之处，及加强我国渔业管理的一些建议。     

基于AHP的我国海水珍珠业发展战略研究

论文运用层次分析法（AHP）对我国海水珍珠产业发展战略和影响因素进行了分析,发现对海水珍珠产业发展起到最大影响作用的因素是珍珠质量,说明市场需求高层次产品;其次是拓展珍珠市场,市场价值获取能力关系到产业的利润和发展;再是控制流通渠道,保证市场的正常运行和市场秩序;而产量只是一个影响因素却并不是重要因素,因此不需要过分追求产量。论文进一步探寻了影响海水珍珠产业发展的制约因素和影响权重,确定了可以采取对海水珍珠产业发展进行资金和人力的投入以振兴海水珍珠产业。     

晋北戏曲文化特征及其旅游开发分析

山西是戏曲文化之乡,大小戏种共有50多种,约占全国六分之一。晋北地区的戏曲有10多种。晋北戏曲在特定的地域环境下形成和发展,从文化地理学的视角研究可知,晋北地区的戏曲分为六大文化区。晋北戏曲文化经过迁移扩散、扩展扩散和文化整合形成了晋北戏曲文化景观,该文化的形成与发展与晋北的地理环境有着密切的关系。晋北应加大对戏曲文化资源的保护力度,树立"戏曲之乡"的旅游形象,将戏曲旅游资源与晋北其他旅游资源,着力建设戏曲文化主题公园,为晋北戏曲文化开发和保护提供理论基础。     

辽西地区葡萄酒旅游发展研究--以朝阳市金沙谷酒庄群为例

辽西地区适合葡萄生长与种植。朝阳市金沙谷酒庄群,具有自然条件优越、区域市场庞大、产业集群明显等有利的旅游开发条件,应构建起“一廊两带四类型”的空间布局。依托“朝阳金沙谷,东方波尔多”的主题形象,省内客源市场定位为沈阳、大连和辽西地区,国内客源市场定位为京津、冀北和蒙东地区,国际客源市场定位为日本和西欧。旅游产品方面,可以设计葡萄园游览、酿酒工序科普、DIY体验、葡萄酒美食及养生、主题酒堡、节事庆典、建筑赏析等七大类。     

Resource and environmental studies at the Australian National University

A heightened awareness developed in Australia, as in most countries, in the 1960s and 1970s that a nation's wellbeing and its quality of life depend fundamentally on its natural resource base. One response to this in Australia was the establishment in 1973 of the Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies (CRES) at the Australian National University, Its role was to provide objective information and advice to facilitate public understanding and to aid the formulation of effective public policies relating to resources and the environment. In 1982 this role was reaffirmed to emphasize the centre's concern with the options relating to important national resource and environmental issues in terms which have real policy significance, recognizing that this meant increased attention to the social and economic issues involved.     

An interactive land use transition agent-based model (ILUTABM): Endogenizing human-environment interactions in the Western Missisquoi Watershed

Forest Transition Theory (FTT) suggests that reforestation may follow deforestation as a result of and interplay between changing social, economic and ecological conditions. We develop a simplistic but empirically data driven land use transition agent-based modeling platform, interactive land use transition agent-based model (ILUTABM), that is able to reproduce the observed land use patterns and link the forest transition to parcel-level heuristic-based land use decisions and ecosystem service (ES). The ILUTABM endogenously links landowners’ land use decisions with ecosystem services (ES) provided by the lands by treating both lands and landowners as interacting agents. The ILUTABM simulates both the land use changes resulting from farmers’ decision behaviors as well as the recursive effects of changing land uses on farmers’ decision behaviors. The ILUTABM is calibrated and validated at 30 m × 30 m spatial resolution using National Land Cover Data (NLCD) 1992, 2001 and 2006 across the western Missisquoi watershed, which is located in the north-eastern US with an estimated area of 283 square kilometers and 312 farmers farming on 16% of the total Missisquoi watershed area. This study hypothesizes that farmers’ land use decisions are made primarily based on their summed expected utilities and that impacts of exogenous socio-economic factors, such as natural disasters, public policies and institutional/social reforms, on farmers’ expected utilities can significantly influence the land use transitions between agricultural and forested lands. Monte Carlo experiments under six various socio-economic conditions combined with different ES valuation schemes are used to assess the sensitivities of the ILUTABM. Goodness-of-fit measures confirm that the ILUTABM is able to reproduce 62% of the observed land use transitions. However, the spatial patterns of the observed land used transitions are more clustered than the simulated counterparts. We find that, when farmers value food provisioning Ecosystem Services (ES) more than other ES (e.g., soil and water regulation), deforestation is observed. However, when farmers value less food provisioning than other ES or they value food provisioning and other ES equally, the forest transition is observed. The ILUTABM advances the Forest Transition Theory (FTT) framework by endogenizing the interactions of socio-ecological feedbacks and socio-economic factors in a generalizable model that can be calibrated with empirical data.     

鄱阳湖区农业生态环境问题及对策研究

鄱阳湖区资源丰富。具有发展大农业的优越条件。本文通过对湖区农业生态环境存在问题的综合分析。提出防洪，治涝，血吸虫病治理等对策措施。为湖区农业可持续发展提供决策参考。